Minerva Elements Records
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ItemRetablos & Santos: ‘Altaring’ The Life Of Philippine Heritage Through Future Generations(Aula Barat and Faculty of Art and Design, Bandung Institute of Technology, 2018)This paper aims to examine the role of living cultural heritage to materials conservation and restoration of retablos and santos at the National Museum of Fine Arts in the Philippines (NMP) and the Parish Church of La Purísima Concepción in Guiuan. In researching the restoration practices of cultural communities that retablos and santos hold significance to, this paper is framed by textual analysis, and interviews with heritage, ecclesiastic and conservation professionals. With ever-increasing cultural homogenisation, the importance of conservators working towards preventing cultural identities from being absorbed by universal discourses and popular cultures are argued in this paper. In reflecting upon knowledge systems and communication platforms that support conservation, the exchange of knowledge, its usability and wide audience possibilities as necessary pathways to preserving memory for living and future generations will be focused upon.
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ItemBetween Art and Heritage Conservation: An Examination of the Discipine, Profession and Professional Practice in Indonesia(Aula Barat and Faculty of Art and Design, Bandung Institute of Technology, 2018)Indonesia is witnessing a growth in the art market in addition to the increased protection of its national cultural heritage. This raises questions about the current position of art and heritage conservation as a profession, discipline, and professional practice in Indonesia to support the preservation of its ‘old culture (s)’. In addressing the themes of the conference, this paper examines the definition of conservation in Indonesia and explores the opportunities for the renewal of ‘old cultures’ for an Indonesian practice of conservation to emerge as distinct from other parts of the world. we argue that conservation should meet the ‘place-based’dimensions of tradition, living cultures, climate, materiality, and natural disasters. The approach used includes a literature review, archival research, policy analysis, and semi-structured interviews. The practices of neighbouring countries are also explored for comparative purposes. The results show that existing policies are in place to support the conservation of cultural materials in Indonesia; however, these do not address the development or sustainability of the profession and discipline for a shared thought style to emerge. The research also indicates that there is a distinct line of separation between the conservation of cultural heritage compared to the fine arts.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableMore than another pair of hands? The impact of medical student placements on the healthcare service(AMEE, 2018)Background: Clinical placements are key to developing work-ready graduates. To date, the literature on workplace learning has focussed on learner-as-consumer, rather than learner-as-contributor. This study aimed to identify the impact of medical student clinical placements for multiple stakeholders in healthcare services. Method: This study was conducted at a large outer metropolitan healthcare service. Qualitative data collection included: observation of students on placement; activity profiling of supervisors and students; student and supervisor focus groups; and interviews with clinicians, academic and hospital leaders, and patient advocates. The data were analysed using Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis. Results: The effects of medical students on the healthcare service were categorised into two higher order themes: ‘impact on workflow’; and ‘student presence amplifying quality of care’. In terms of affecting workflow, students in their earlier years reportedly absorbed clinicians’ time on account of direct teaching, task selection, and supervision of activities. As they approached graduation, students began to take on tasks independently (e.g. history taking, data entry, and coordinating patient discharge). Amplifying quality of care was observed through students’ prompting clinicians to reflect on their own practice. Students attended to different aspects of care, often responding to patient or family questions in the specialist’s absence. As one supervisor reported, “students often form an important, informed, but lay, connection between the patient and the medical staff so they can identify a mismatch of expectations.” Discussion: The results suggest that although students require an upfront investment of supervisor energy on clinical placement, they add value along a number of dimensions, particularly in the final year of their program. These contributions are beyond being “another set of hands”. The presence of students encouraged clinicians to reflect on their practice. Conclusion: The presence of students prompted clinicians to adopt a more critical gaze on their own work, and students focussed on humanistic elements of care – elements that can be missed or deprioritised when there is an attending expert only. The role of students as a bridge between patients and experienced staff, and how this can be optimised, warrants further exploration,
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ItemNo Preview AvailableGathering evidence for medical students’ contribution to health services: A communities of practice informed methodology(Australian & New Zealand Association for Health Professional Educators, 2018)Introduction: Immersion in clinical environments is key to developing work-ready graduates. Workplace learning literature has focused on the benefits of clinical placements for students and the burden for health services, such as the cost of supervisor time away from patient care. There has been little focus on mapping the benefits (obvious and hidden) of clinical placements to multiple stakeholders. Aim: To develop a methodology for capturing the benefits of clinical placements for multiple stakeholders. Methods: Using ethnographic methods of observation and interviews, as well as surveys, and drawing from the concept of legitimate peripheral participation within a Community of Practice, we charted student activities on clinical placements at an outer metropolitan health service. Results: The multiple data collection methods helped to identify how students learn through work as their expertise develops. The activity logs, survey and interviews prior to the observation phase, helped sensitise researchers to the less visible student contributions. Students in their final year contributed like a junior team member: taking patient histories, completing discharge planning and taking on ‘busy jobs’ that freed up senior team members. Discussion: The multiple data collection methods and variety of stakeholder participants allowed for triangulation of the findings, and the phased approach sharpened the focus for the student observations. Capturing the patient perspective presents challenges, as does taking into account differences in student year levels, and different levels of student engagement. Conclusions: A multi-phased, mixed methods approach can identify bi-directional benefits, mapping student contributions along a number of dimensions.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableUtility of the STOP and STOP-BANG Questionnaires in a Pre-Screened Population Presenting for Overnight Polysomnography(Sleep and Biological Rhythms, 2009)Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is a common condition, the diagnosis of which is often delayed by prolonged waiting lists at the point of referral or in the sleep laboratory. Clinical prediction tools may become useful in triaging assessment and management of this condition. Recent publications have proposed and validated two new pre-operative screening tools for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) in surgical patients (STOP and STOP-BANG). These screening tools have not been examined in a general sleep population. Methods: All patients attending for in-laboratory polysomnography at Box Hill Hospital during the study period were asked to complete the STOP questionnaire, and sleep scientists recorded the biometric data required for the BANG component. Polysomnography proceeded with sleep staging and event scoring performed according to the Chicago Criteria. Risk stratification by the STOP and STOP-BANG tools was combined with total Respiratory Disturbance Index from polysomnogram reports. Results: 69 patients have been recruited, although data continues to be collected. As expected, there is a predominance of moderate and severe OSA in this cohort (45/69, 65%). The STOP-BANG tool maintains higher sensitivity, negative predictive value and odds ratios than the STOP tool at each degree of OSA severity examined. Receiver operating characteristic curves demonstrate superiority of the STOP-BANG tool for RDI > 15, when compared with STOP-BANG for RDI > 30 and STOP at both RDI cut-offs. Conclusions: With ongoing data collection we hope to confirm trends seen in predictive values with these tools. Removal of less discriminatory criteria may improve their statistical usefulness, perhaps allowing development into risk stratification tools that will assist in triaging investigation and management of patients with suspected OSA.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableUtility of the STOP and STOP-BANG Questionnaires in a Pre-screened Population Presenting for Overnight Polysomnography(Wiley, 2009)Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) is a common condition, the diagnosis of which is often delayed by prolonged waiting lists at the point of referral or in the sleep laboratory. Clinical prediction tools may become useful in triaging assessment and management of this condition. Recent publications have proposed and validated two new pre-operative screening tools for Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) in surgical patients (STOP and STOP-BANG). These screening tools have not been examined in a general sleep population. Methods: All patients attending for in-laboratory polysomnography at Box Hill Hospital during the study period were asked to complete the STOP question-naire, and sleep scientists recorded the biometric data required for the BANG component. Polysomnography proceeded with sleep staging and event scoring performed according to the Chicago Criteria. Risk stratification by the STOP and STOP-BANG tools was combined with total Respiratory Disturbance Index from polysomnogram reports. Results: 25 patients have been reviewed, although data continues to be collected. There is a high prevalence of moderate or severe OSA within this population (22/25, 88%). The STOP-BANG tool maintains higher sensitivity, negative predictive value and odds ratios than the STOP tool at each degree of OSA severity examined. Conclusions: With ongoing data collection we hope to confirm trends seen in predictive values with these tools. Removal of less discriminatory criteria may improve their statistical usefulness, perhaps allowing development into risk stratification tools that will assist in triaging investigation and management of patients with suspected OSA.
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ItemThe Shanghai Paradox(Architecture Media Politics Society, 2014)This paper outlines my ongoing research on the use of traditional symbolism and its utilisation in contemporary architecture of the Chinese global city. It specifically examines the landmark architecture of the Pudong, or the “new” Shanghai. Is there a contradiction in imagery when architects adopt traditional motifs in contemporary skyscraper architecture? Designs such as Cesar Pelli’s Petronas Towers (1994) in Kuala Lumpur use traditional Islamic patterns in the floor plans and façade detail. However, in the case of Shanghai, the three landmark buildings of the Pudong as shown in Figure 1; the Jin Mao Tower (1999), the Shanghai World Financial Centre (2008) and the Shanghai Tower (under construction at the time of writing), all reference fengshui and cosmology. The paradox in this case is that under law of the People’s Republic of China (PRC), geomancy, including fengshui and cosmological symbolism, is defined as a feudal superstition and its practice illegal.
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ItemArchitectural specialisation and the death of architectural practice(Architectural Science Association & The University of Adelaide, 2016)In the past 50 years the traditional role of the architect to supervise and control projects has been eroded. The last remaining bastion maintain this traditional role of the architect is in small practice. Using a survey that firstly looks at how architects are engaged via either full or partial services we explore how architects identify with and deliver specialised services. The respondents in the survey were taken from a sample of 1200 Australian architects. Data was collected regarding specialisation, service provision, outsourcing and contractual arrangements. This is positioned alongside a historical account of the profession which suggests that technology and changes within legal frameworks, strategy, marketing, operations, project management, and finance are leading to the marginalisation of architects. We test this assertion by investigating evidence for these changes and the extent to which specialised architectural knowledge is being created in firms. For architects, specialist architectural knowledge is integrative and resides in the traditional service delivery particularly in the realm of housing. However, fee competition has hampered the ability of architects to specialise. As a result, in the future the role of the architect may be non-existent.
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ItemDeveloping An Evidence-based Understanding of Hospital Space Planning Efficiency(Architectural Science Association, 2018)Over the last two decades there has been a steady increase in the demand for healthcare services and a commensurate rise in the global expenditure in health (WHO, 2014). Given the significance of the financial investment in capital works programmes required to meet growing healthcare needs and the expanding environmental impact of the healthcare industry, it is important to gain a detailed understanding of how healthcare infrastructure assets currently perform, the strategic drivers impacting on hospital space use efficiency, and the complex interrelationship of factors that impact on the healthcare environment. This paper outlines a research project that was conducted by the University of Melbourne in conjunction with a local architectural practice partner, to examine space planning efficiency and emerging trends in hospital space planning requirements. To assist in developing a greater understanding of the space planning efficiency of healthcare infrastructure, and changing trends in hospital space planning, this study examined a range of measures across 31 hospitals against regional and international benchmarks. This paper outlines a novel multi-modal research methodology established to examine the complex range of interconnecting planning measures impacting space planning efficiency, and some of the difficulties in assessing hospital space planning efficiency.
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ItemArtistic practices of the Bohol School of Painting: An analytical and archival study of nineteenth-century panel paintings in the Philippines(Archetype Publishing, 2005)In the center of the Philippines on the island of Bohol, a unique panel painting practice evolved linking western artistic methods introduced by the Spanish with Filipino knowledge of materials and techniques. The scientific analysis of five nineteenth century panel paintings belonging to the Baclayon Parish was undertaken and combined with an archival investigation of the Parish Archives to develop a better understanding of their provenance. Results illustrate the western construction methods used in the panel paintings with an oil medium as well as the utilization of local materials such as Kedondong wood for the panel support, cotton and bast fiber paper for a gap filler between the wood panels, and a transparent brown hydrocarbon for the ground layer. Some of the pigments identified correlate with the geological deposits from the region and others correspond with the archival church records. Other identified pigments were not referenced in the archives or found locally. The latter indicate the importation of high quality pigments, not of Filipino origin. Further, the good condition of the panels highlight their sound preparation and an environment suited for these particular works.