Engineering and Information Technology Collected Works - Research Publications

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Probing Power by Prompting: Harnessing Pre-trained Language Models for Power Connotation Framing

Khanehzar, S (Association for Computational Linguistics, 2023)

When describing actions, subtle changes in word choice can evoke very different associations with the involved entities. For instance, a company ‘employing workers’ evokes a more positive connotation than the one ‘exploiting’ them. This concept is called connotation. This paper investigates whether pre-trained language models (PLMs) encode such subtle connotative information about power differentials between involved entities. We design a probing framework for power connotation, building on (CITATION)’s operationalization of connotation frames. We show that zero-shot prompting of PLMs leads to above chance prediction of power connotation, however fine-tuning PLMs using our framework drastically improves their accuracy. Using our fine-tuned models, we present a case study of power dynamics in US news reporting on immigration, showing the potential of our framework as a tool for understanding subtle bias in the media.
Incorporating Syntax and Semantics in Coreference Resolution with Heterogeneous Graph Attention Network

Jiang, F ; Cohn, T (Association for Computational Linguistics, 2021-01-01)