Melbourne Dental School - Research Publications

Permanent URI for this collection

http://hdl.handle.net/11343/271

Filters

2020 - 2021 2
2
Reset filters

Settings
Statistics
Citations
Author: Burgner, David × Author: Manton, David × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2020 ×

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Item
    No Preview Available
    Utilising surface-level data to explore surface, tooth, individual and family influence on the aetiology of hypomineralised second primary molars
    Silva, MJ ; Zheng, Y ; Zaloumis, S ; Burgner, DP ; Craig, JM ; Manton, DJ ; Kilpatrick, NM ; Scurrah, KJ (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2021-10)
    OBJECTIVES: Hypomineralised second primary molars (HSPM) are common developmental enamel defects. The aims of this study were to use surface-level data to explore the clustering of HSPM at four levels (family, child, tooth, surface). METHODS: This study of 172 twin pairs was nested within the Peri/postnatal Epigenetic Twin Study. HSPM was measured by standardised oral examinations at age 6 years. Multilevel logistic regression models were fitted to assess the correlation structure of surface level data and variation in HSPM. The associations between surface level risk factors and HSPM were then explored using the multilevel logistic regression model using the best fitting correlation structure. RESULTS: The prevalence of HSPM was 68 (19.8%) children, with a total of 141 (10.3%) teeth and 264 tooth surfaces (6.3%) affected. Multilevel models revealed that a hierarchical structure accounting for correlation at the family, child and tooth level best accounted for the variation in HSPM. The estimated variances from the best fitting model (Model 3) were largest at the family level (12.27, 95% CI 6.68, 22.51) compared with 5.23 at the child level and 1.93 at the tooth level. Application of regression analysis utilising this three-level correlation structure identified tooth/surface level factors in addition to the previously identified familial and individual risk factors for HSPM. CONCLUSION: In addition to familial (environmental and genetic) and unique child-level factors, the aetiology of HSPM is likely to be influenced by local tooth-level factors.
  • Item
    Thumbnail Image
    A twin study of body mass index and dental caries in childhood.
    Silva, MJ ; Kilpatrick, NM ; Craig, JM ; Manton, DJ ; Leong, P ; Ho, H ; Saffery, R ; Burgner, DP ; Scurrah, KJ (Nature Publishing Group, 2020-01-17)
    Sub-optimal nutrition and dental caries are both common with significant short and long-term implications for child health and development. We applied twin statistical methods to explore the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and dental caries. We measured BMI at 18 months and six years of age and cumulative dental caries experience at six years in 344 twin children. Dental caries in primary teeth was categorised into 'any' or 'advanced' and BMI was analysed as both a continuous and categorical variable. Statistical analyses included multiple logistic regression using generalized estimating equations and within/between-pair analyses. There was no association between BMI and 'any' dental caries experience at either time-point, neither overall nor in within/between pair analyses. However, 'advanced' dental caries at six years was associated with a within-pair difference in BMI of -0.55 kg/m2 (95% CI -1.00, -0.11, p = 0.015). A within-pair increase of 1 kg/m2 in BMI was associated with a lower within-pair risk of advanced dental caries (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.52, 0.90, p = 0.007). These findings reveal a possible causal relationship between lower BMI and dental caries. As dental outcomes were only measured at one time point, the direction of this potentially causal relationship is unclear.