Minerva Elements Records
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ItemEqual Sharing of Care: Evidence Review(The University of Melbourne, 2024-05-01)Worldwide, societal norms traditionally assign distinct parenting roles to mothers and fathers, shaping their approaches and contributions to childcare. However, new fatherhood is challenging these historical perceptions of parenting by redefining and highlighting men’s capacity to provide nurturing and equally enriching care to young children as women. As this review will show, recent research indicates that the positive impact of engaged fathering extends beyond simply benefiting children and fathers themselves; it also positively affects their partners, communities, and workplaces. To achieve an equal sharing of care, men must step into these roles and become actively engaged fathers who are committed to challenging traditional gender norms and proactively participating in all aspects of caregiving.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableUnderstanding Public Support for Policies Aimed at Gender Parity in Politics: A Cross-National Experimental Study(Cambridge University Press, 2024-03)English: Across the globe, women are underrepresented in elected politics. The study's case countries of Australia (ranked 33), Canada (61) and the United States (66) rank poorly for women's political representation. Drawing on role strain and gender-mainstreaming theories and applying large-scale survey experiments, we examine public opinion on non-quota mechanisms to bolster women's political participation. The experimental design manipulates the politician's gender and level of government (federal/local) before asking about non-quota supports to help the politician. We find public support for policies aimed at lessening work–family role strain is higher for a woman politician; these include a pay raise, childcare subsidies and housework allowances. This support is amplified among women who are presented with a woman politician in our experiment, providing evidence of a gender-affinity effect. The study's findings contribute to scholarship on gender equality and point to gender-mainstreaming mechanisms to help mitigate the gender gap in politics. French: Les femmes sont sous-représentées dans la politique électorale partout au monde. Les pays représentés dans cette étude, l'Australie (classée 33), le Canada (61) et les États-Unis (66), se classent mal en ce qui concerne la représentation politique des femmes. En empruntant à la théorie des contraintes de rôle (« role strain ») et de l'intégration du genre (« gender mainstreaming »), et en appliquant des méthodes expérimentales avec des sondages en ligne incorporant une manipulation expérimentale menées en parallèle aux États-Unis, au Canada, et en Australie, nous examinons l'opinion publique sur les mécanismes hors quotas visant à renforcer la participation politique des femmes. L'expérience manipule le genre de la politicienne/du politicien et son niveau de gouvernement (fédéral/local) avant de poser des questions sur les politiques hors quotas visant à aider la politicienne/le politicien. Nous constatons que le soutien du public pour des politiques visant à réduire les tensions entre le travail et la famille est plus élevé pour les politiciennes; celles-ci incluent l'augmentation du salaire, des allocations pour la garde d'enfants et pour les travaux ménagers. Ce soutien est plus élevé chez les femmes qui lisent la description d'une politicienne dans notre sondage, ce qui témoigne d'un effet d'affinité de genre. Les résultats de l’étude contribuent aux recherches sur l’égalité des sexes et mettent en avant des mécanismes d'intégration du genre pour aider à atténuer l’écart entre les sexes en politique.
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ItemArbitrary interaction quench phenomena in harmonically trapped two-body systems(American Physical Society (APS), 2024)We consider the evolution of two contact-interacting harmonically trapped particles following an arbitrary quench in interaction strength. We focus on the change in system energy, the work, associated with the quench. When quenching from any nonzero interaction strength to zero interaction strength we observe that the work done and particle separation diverge. In particular, the divergent behavior arises always and exclusively when quenching to the noninteracting regime. We demonstrate that the source of the divergence is its instantaneous nature. This validates and builds upon previous work that found divergent behavior arises when quenching from the strongly interacting limit to the noninteracting limit in both the two- and three-body cases.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableObjects of fame(The Grainger Museum, University of Melbourne and The Victorian Arts Centre Trust, 2018)Melbourne produced two international stars of classical music – Dame Nellie Melba and Percy Grainger – in the decades surrounding Federation. Adopting a name in honour of her home town, Nellie Melba made her professional debut in 1887 and became hailed as the greatest opera singer of her time. Percy Grainger was a child prodigy who forged a career of pianistic brilliance and musical innovation as the new century unfolded. Each conquered the world’s great stages, enjoyed royal approbation and public fascination. The musical talents of Melba and Grainger, who had both family and professional connections, were matched only by the fame they engendered. Stampeding their way into popular consciousness as early media-assisted celebrities, they created rich intellectual and material legacies. Objects of Fame showcased these two extraordinary Australians, drawing on objects from Arts Centre Melbourne’s Australian Performing Arts Collection (APAC), and the Grainger Museum. With 221 collection objects on display. this exhibition also offered opportunities to consider fame in the context of today’s technology-focused culture that allows performers to become ‘famous’ in ways that Grainger and Melba could never have conceived.
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ItemThe Living Instruments Project: Sharing sounds of heritage instruments in the Grainger Museum Collection(Australasian Sound Recordings Association, 2022-01-01)The Living Instruments project aims to digitally preserve the sound of the fragile Grainger instrument collection, but it also presents a way of transforming the relationship between musical artefacts and their cultural value with a diverse group of people including contemporary makers. The Living Instruments project emerged in the nexus of teaching, learning, and research activity in the Faculty of Fine Arts and Music, and the stewardship of Percy Grainger’s historic instruments held in the Grainger Museum, at the University of Melbourne. It aims to provide greater research opportunities and creative engagement with the instruments through an interactive platform of sonic resources. This paper provides an overview of the stimulus for the Living Instruments project and shares the stages of the research journey and public outcomes.
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ItemMixed methods research(Edward Elgar Publishing, 2024-08)Mixed methods research designs meaningfully integrate both qualitative and quantitative methods to understand a research problem. Mixed methods research methodologies can be used to cast a nuanced light on complex legal problems, generating new answers which would not be perceived with one data source alone. However, mixed methods research appears rare in labour law research, perhaps reflecting gaps in legal data, the time and cost of undertaking such studies, and limited training in quantitative methods in some jurisdictions. This chapter identifies data sources that could enable a new generation of mixed methods labour law research.
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ItemStrategy Extraction in Single-Agent Games(AAMAS, 2023)The ability to continuously learn and adapt to new situations is one where humans are far superior compared to AI agents. We propose an approach to knowledge transfer using behavioural strategies as a form of transferable knowledge influenced by the human cognitive ability to develop strategies. A strategy is defined as a partial sequence of events – where an event is both the result of an agent’s action and changes in state – to reach some predefined event of interest. This information acts as guidance or a partial solution that an agent can generalise and use to make predictions about how to handle unknown observed phenomena. As a first step toward this goal, we develop a method for extracting strategies from an agent’s existing knowledge that can be applied in multiple contexts. Our method combines observed event frequency information with local sequence alignment techniques to find patterns of significance that form a strategy. We show that our method can identify plausible strategies in three environments: Pacman, Bank Heist and a dungeon-crawling video game. Our evaluation serves as a promising first step toward extracting knowledge for generalisation and, ultimately, transfer learning.
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ItemMolecularly isolated perylene diimides enable both strong exciton-photon coupling and high photoluminescence quantum yield(Royal Society of Chemistry, 2019-03-14)Strong coupling in organic media holds the promise of efficient room temperature polariton lasing with solution-processed materials. Currently, however, only five pure-organic materials have been shown to demonstrate polariton lasing. A major challenge is to achieve high exciton–photon coupling while maintaining high photoluminescence quantum yield. Here, we utilize a series of diimide perylene materials that possess sterically hindered substituents, dispersed within a polymer matrix. The rigid structures prevent aggregation and allow high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) at large dye loadings. We demonstrate that these systems can exhibit substantial Rabi splittings at dye loadings that yield film PLQYs of up to 85%, making these perylene derivatives promising materials for polariton lasers.
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ItemHighly Efficient Luminescent Solar Concentrators by Selective Alignment of Donor-Emitter Fluorophores(AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 2019-04-23)Vertically aligning fluorophores to the surface of a waveguide is known to be an effective approach to improve the optical quantum efficiency (OQE) of luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs). While the chromophore alignment assists waveguiding of the emitted photons to the LSC edges, it also significantly reduces the light-harvesting properties of the LSC. We report here a fluorophore pair consisting of a sphere-shaped energy donor and a rod-shaped emitter that was incorporated in LSCs to provide selective fluorophore alignment to address the reduced incident-light absorption issue. A liquid-crystal polymer matrix was used to perpendicularly align the rod-shaped acceptors to a favorable orientation for light guiding, while the sphere-shaped donor was randomly oriented to maintain its light-absorbing properties. The OQE of LSC devices with this selectively aligned donor-acceptor fluorophore system is 78% without significant loss of light-harvesting capability.
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ItemTetrabenzo[5.7]fulvalene: a forgotten aggregation induced-emission luminogen(ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY, 2019-10-04)Tetrabenzo[5.7]fulvalene, one of the first recognized stable members of mixed fulvalenes, has attracted widespread interest for its remarkable structure. However, little has been known about its photoactivity, most likely owing to its very weak luminescence in the solution state. Here we show for the first time that this compound exhibits aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties. Its photoluminescence and X-ray crystal structure reveal an interesting mechanism of the AIE phenomenon.