Centre for Youth Mental Health - Research Publications

Permanent URI for this collection

http://hdl.handle.net/11343/250

Filters

2013 - 2019 1 2020 - 2021 2
3
Reset filters

Settings
Statistics
Citations
Author: Bechdolf, Andreas × Author: McGorry, Patrick × Author: Yung, Alison ×

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 3 of 3
  • Item
    No Preview Available
    Preventive interventions for individuals at ultra high risk for psychosis: An updated and extended meta-analysis
    Mei, C ; van der Gaag, M ; Nelson, B ; Smit, F ; Yuen, HP ; Berger, M ; Krcmar, M ; French, P ; Amminger, GP ; Bechdolf, A ; Cuijpers, P ; Yung, AR ; McGorry, PD (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2021-06)
    Intervention at the earliest illness stage, in ultra or clinical high-risk individuals, or indicated prevention, currently represents the most promising strategy to ameliorate, delay or prevent psychosis. We review the current state of evidence and conduct a broad-spectrum meta-analysis of various outcomes: transition to psychosis, attenuated positive and negative psychotic symptoms, mania, depression, anxiety, general psychopathology, symptom-related distress, functioning, quality of life, and treatment acceptability. 26 randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analytically pooled interventions reduced transition rate (risk ratio [RR] = 0.57, 95%CI 0.41-0.81) and attenuated positive psychotic symptoms at 12-months (standardized mean difference = -0.15, 95%CI = -0.28--0.01). When stratified by intervention type (pharmacological, psychological), only the pooled effect of psychological interventions on transition rate was significant. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) was associated with a reduction in incidence at 12-months (RR = 0.52, 95%CI = 0.33-0.82) and 18-48-months (RR = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.42-0.84), but not 6-months. Findings at 12-months and 18-48-months were robust in sensitivity and subgroup analyses. All other outcomes were non-significant. To date, effects of trialed treatments are specific to transition and, a lesser extent, attenuated positive symptoms, highlighting the future need to target other symptom domains and functional outcomes. Sound evidence supports CBT in reducing transition and the value of intervening at this illness stage. STUDY REGISTRATION: Research Registry ID: reviewregistry907.
  • Item
    No Preview Available
    Evidence for preventive treatments in young patients at clinical high risk of psychosis: the need for context
    Nelson, B ; Amminger, GP ; Bechdolf, A ; French, P ; Malla, A ; Morrison, AP ; Schmidt, SJ ; Shah, JL ; Thompson, A ; Van der Gaag, M ; Wood, SJ ; Woods, SW ; Yung, AR ; McGorry, PD (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2020-05)
  • Item
    No Preview Available
    Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation in Adolescents With Borderline Personality Disorder and Ultra-High Risk Criteria for Psychosis: A Post Hoc Subgroup Analysis of a Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
    Amminger, GP ; Chanen, AM ; Ohmann, S ; Klier, CM ; Mossaheb, N ; Bechdolf, A ; Nelson, B ; Thompson, A ; McGorry, PD ; Yung, AR ; Schaefer, MR (CANADIAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOC, 2013-07)
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether long-chain omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) improve functioning and psychiatric symptoms in young people with borderline personality disorder (BPD) who also meet ultra-high risk criteria for psychosis. METHODS: We conducted a post hoc subgroup analysis of a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Fifteen adolescents with BPD (mean age 16.2 years, [SD 2.1]) were randomized to either 1.2 g/day n-3 PUFAs or placebo. The intervention period was 12 weeks. Study measures included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale, and the Global Assessment of Functioning. Side effects were documented with the Udvalg for Kliniske Undersøgelser. Fatty acids in erythrocytes were analyzed using capillary gas chromatography. RESULTS: At baseline, erythrocyte n-3 PUFA levels correlated positively with psychosocial functioning and negatively with psychopathology. By the end of the intervention, n-3 PUFAs significantly improved functioning and reduced psychiatric symptoms, compared with placebo. Side effects did not differ between the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Long-chain n-3 PUFAs should be further explored as a viable treatment strategy with minimal associated risk in young people with BPD. ( CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00396643).