Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research - Research Publications

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Author: COBB-CLARK, DEBORAH × Author: Zhu, Weina ×

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    Parenting style as an investment in human development
    Cobb-Clark, DA ; Salamanca, N ; Zhu, A (Springer (part of Springer Nature), 2019-10-01)
    We propose a household production function approach to human development that explicitly considers the role of parenting style in child rearing. Specifically, parenting style is modeled as an investment that depends not only on inputs of time and market goods, but also on attention. Our model relates socioeconomic disadvantage to parenting style and human development through the constraints that disadvantage places on cognitive capacity. We find empirical support for key features of our model. Parenting style is a construct that is distinctive to standard parental investments and is important for young-adult outcomes. Effective parenting styles are negatively correlated with disadvantage.
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    Childhood homelessness and adult employment: the role of education, incarceration, and welfare receipt
    Cobb-Clark, DA ; Zhu, A (Springer Nature, 2017-07-01)
    This paper examines the long-run employment consequences of experiencing homelessness in childhood rather than later in life. We use novel panel data that link survey and administrative data for a sample of disadvantaged adults who are homeless or at risk of homelessness. Our estimation approach pays particular attention to the potential pathways linking childhood homelessness to adult employment. We find that those experiencing homelessness for the first time as children are less likely to be employed. For women, this relationship is largely explained by the lower educational attainment and higher welfare receipt (both in general and in the form of mental illness-related disability payments) of those experiencing childhood homelessness. Higher rates of high school incompletion and incarceration explain some of the link between childhood homelessness and men’s employment; however, childhood homelessness continues to have a substantial direct effect on male employment rates.