School of Mathematics and Statistics - Research Publications

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Author: Cao, Pengxing × Author: Wang, Zhongfang × Start date: 2020 ×

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    The establishment of a cytomegalovirus -specific CD8+ T-cell threshold by kinetic modeling for the prediction of post-hemopoietic stem cell transplant reactivation
    Zhang, J ; Cao, J ; Zheng, R ; Yu, M ; Lin, Z ; Wang, C ; McCluskey, J ; Yang, J ; Chen, Z ; Corbett, AJ ; Cao, P ; Mo, W ; Wang, Z (CELL PRESS, 2022-11-18)
    The dynamic interaction between the CMV virus and host immune response remains obscure, thus hindering the diagnosis and therapeutic management of patients with HSCT. The current diagnosis of CMV viremia depends on viral load estimation. Medical intervention based on viral load, can be unnecessary or poorly timed for many patients. Here we examined the clinical features and blood samples of patients with HSCT and assessed the CMV reactivation kinetics and corresponding CMV antigen-specific T-cell response in individual patients based on a peptide pool stimulation T-cell assay, which showed that CMV-specific CD8+ T cells were more suitable to be a diagnosis indicator for suppressing CMV reactivation. Using ROC analysis, we defined and verified a CMV-specific CD8+ T-cell counts threshold (925 cells/106 PBMCs) as an indicator of CMV reactivation post-HSCT, and suggested that use of this threshold would provide more accurate guidance for prompt medication and better management of CMV infection post-HSCT.
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    SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells are associated with long-term persistence of neutralizing antibodies
    Wang, Z ; Yang, X ; Mei, X ; Zhou, Y ; Tang, Z ; Li, G ; Zhong, J ; Yu, M ; Huang, M ; Su, X ; Lin, B ; Cao, P ; Yang, J ; Ran, P (SPRINGERNATURE, 2022-04-23)
    Understanding the decay and maintenance of long-term SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies in infected or vaccinated people and how vaccines protect against other SARS-CoV-2 variants is critical for assessing public vaccination plans. Here, we measured different plasm antibody levels 2 and 12 months after disease onset, including anti-RBD, anti-N, total neutralizing antibodies, and two neutralizing-antibody clusters. We found that total neutralizing antibodies declined more slowly than total anti-RBD and anti-N IgG, and the two neutralizing-antibody clusters decayed even more slowly than total neutralizing antibodies. Interestingly, the level of neutralizing antibodies at 12 months after disease onset was significantly lower than that at 2 months but more broadly neutralized SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Alpha (B.1.1.7), Beta (B.1.351), Gamma (P.1), Delta (B.1.617.2), and Lambda (C.37). Significant immune escape by the Omicron variant (B.1.1.529) was also observed 2 months post-recovery. Furthermore, we revealed that a high percentage of virus-specific CD4+ T cells and cTfh1 were associated with a slower decline in humoral immunity, accompanied by higher levels of CXCR3 ligands such as CXCL9 and CXCL10, higher frequency of cTfh1, and lower levels of cTfh2 and cTfh17. Our data highlight the importance of coordinating T-cell and humoral immunity to achieve long-term protective immunity.