Economics - Research Publications

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Subject: social welfare ×

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    An in-work payment with an hours threshold: labour supply and social welfare
    Creedy, J. ( 2005-03)
    This paper uses an optimal tax framework to examine the effecton a measure of social welfare of an in-work payment, involving a discontinuityat an hours threshold. Social welfare is defined in termsof individuals’ utilities, which depend on leisure and net income. Thein-work payment augments a modified minimum income guaranteehaving two tax rates. Numerical simulations, which ensure that afixed amount of net revenue per person is collected by the government,show that social welfare falls systematically as the extent ofthe discontinuity increases, and as the hours threshold, at which thejump in net income occurs, increases. Eliminating the discontinuityresulting from the in-work payment therefore improves social welfare.
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    Undocumented migrant maternal and child health care in Yokohama
    Stevens, Carolyn S. ; Lee, Setsuko ; Sawada, Takashi (Taylor and Francis, 2000-05)
    This article reports on undocumented migrant mothers' and children's access to public health care in the Kotobuki area of Yokohama's Naka Ward. Access is defined as the utilization of public health and social welfare programs, measured by the counselling activities of a volunteer group. This research also explores the role of the volunteer group as mediator between 'overstayers' and the public welfare system. These volunteer activities serve to fill gaps that exist between domestic immigration and welfare laws and the reality of undocumented migrants' lives in urban Japan.