Medical Education - Research Publications
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ItemNo Preview AvailableQuality of upper GI endoscopy: a prospective cohort study on impact of endoscopist education(MOSBY-ELSEVIER, 2022-03)BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Guidelines on quality of upper GI (UGI) endoscopy have been proposed by the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE). However, these guidelines have not been evaluated in clinical practice. We aimed to measure the impact of endoscopist education on the quality of gastroscopy based on these guidelines and the association between compliance with guidelines and the detection of clinically significant premalignant pathology such as Barrett's esophagus (BE), esophageal squamous dysplasia, gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM), and Helicobacter pylori. METHODS: Endoscopists participated in a 1-hour education session on recommended performance measures and endoscopic detection of premalignant pathologies. A controlled before and after study was performed, measuring compliance with guidelines and rates of detection of pathology in control and intervention groups. RESULTS: Over 2 years, 2719 procedures were performed: 1412 in the control group and 1307 in the intervention group. The proportion of procedures complying with guidelines was higher in the intervention group. The use of biopsy sampling protocols (eg, management of precancerous conditions of the stomach, 52% vs 91%; P = .007) and standardized terminology (eg, Forrest classification, 24% vs 68%; P < .001) was significantly higher. Detection of H pylori was higher in the intervention group (5.5% vs 9.8%, P = .003). Minimum inspection time of 7 minutes was associated with detection of BE (7.4% vs 2.0%, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: A simple endoscopist education session enhanced the quality of UGI endoscopy by improving compliance with BSG and ESGE recommendations and increasing the detection of clinically significant pathology. A minimum inspection time of 7 minutes was associated with increased diagnostic yield and may be a feasible quality indicator for clinical practice.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableEndoscopic features of buried Barrett's mucosa: visible to the trained eye?(Wiley, 2019-12-01)
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ItemMagnetic resonance enterography for predicting the clinical course of Crohn's disease strictures(WILEY, 2020-06)BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Strictures are the most common Crohn's disease complication, but their natural history is unknown. This study aimed to characterize inflammation, predict prognosis, and understand the impact of drug therapy using magnetic resonance enterography (MRE). METHODS: Patients with a stricture diagnosed on MRE over a 5-year period were reviewed for MRE disease extent and inflammation, clinical course, C-reactive protein, response to anti-TNF therapy, endoscopic dilatation, hospitalization, and surgery. RESULTS: 136 patients had 235 strictures (77, one and 59, ≥ 2 strictures). TREATMENT: 46% of patients underwent surgery after a median 6 months; median follow-up for those not requiring surgery was 41 months. Predictors of surgery: Hospitalization because of obstruction predicted subsequent surgery (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.06-5.90) while anti-TNF therapy commenced at stricture diagnosis was associated with a reduced risk (OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.05-0.99). MRE characteristics associated with surgery were proximal bowel dilatation ≥ 30-mm diameter (OR 2.98; 95% CI 1.36-6.55), stricture bowel wall thickness ≥ 10-mm (OR 2.42; 95% CI 1.11-5.27), and stricture length > 5-cm (OR 2.56; 95% CI 1.21-5.43). 81% of patients with these three adverse MRE features required surgery versus 17% if none were present (P < 0.001). Accuracy for these three MRE variables predicting surgery was high (AUC 0.76). CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance enterography findings in Crohn's disease strictures are highly predictive of the disease course and the need for future surgery. MRE may also identify who would benefit from treatment intensification. Anti-TNF therapy is associated with reduced risk of surgery and appears to alter the natural history of this complication.
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ItemEfficacy of drug and endoscopic treatment of Crohn's disease strictures: A systematic review(WILEY, 2021-02)BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Strictures are the commonest complication in Crohn's disease. Surgery and endoscopic dilation are the mainstays of treatment, while drug therapy has often been considered contraindicated. The benefit of nonsurgical treatments, particularly drug and endoscopic therapy, need to be defined. METHODS: Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, PsycINFO, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library (inception until August 30, 2019) were searched. Studies with ≥ 10 patients with Crohn's disease strictures, reporting on outcomes following medication or endoscopic treatment, were included. RESULTS: Of 3480 records, 85 studies met inclusion criteria and formed the basis of this analysis. Twenty-five studies assessed drug therapy; none were randomized trials. Despite study heterogeneity anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy appeared effective, with 50% of patients avoiding surgery after 4 years of follow up. No other drug therapy was of demonstrable benefit. Sixty studies assessed endoscopic therapy including 56 on endoscopic balloon dilation, two assessed needle knife stricturotomy, and two stent insertion. Dilation was equally effective for de novo and anastomotic strictures ≤ 5 cm in length, with most studies reporting a subsequent surgical rate of 30% to 50%. Repeat dilation was required in approximately half of all patients. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-TNF drug therapy and endoscopic balloon dilation are effective strategies for avoiding surgery in patients with stricturing Crohn's disease. Additional endoscopic therapies require further evaluation. Early data suggest that combining these therapies may provide greater benefit than individual therapies. Optimization of current drug and endoscopic therapy, and the incorporation of newer therapies, are needed for stricturing Crohn's disease.