Psychiatry - Research Publications
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ItemNo Preview AvailableThe effect of sad mood on subjective appraisal of memory performance in older people with and without subjective memory complaints: An experimental study(Wiley, 2021-12)Background Subjective memory complaints (SMC) have been identified as a possible precursor to cognitive decline and may indicate a need for an early intervention for at‐risk older adults. However, it is well‐established that low mood is associated with SMC, leading to claims that memory concerns in older people may often reflect primarily psychological symptoms. This study aimed to determine the effect of low mood on subjective memory appraisal in older adults. Method We used a film‐based mood induction procedure (MIP) to test the effect of sad vs. neutral mood on subjective appraisal of memory performance in an experimental 2X2 between‐subjects design. Participants were 98 cognitively unimpaired older people (n=45 with SMC), randomised to the sad MIP (n=56) or the neutral MIP (n=42). All participants completed measures of trait SMC and ruminative self‐focused attention (RSFA) as well as perceived performance and metacognitive experience (ME) following the MIP and completion of a face‐name and a maze‐learning task. Result Participants in the sad MIP condition (M=42.75, SD=30.97) reported significantly greater sadness than those in the neutral condition following the manipulation (M=11.57, SD=18.44). The association between objective and subjective memory performance was stronger for cued recall on the face‐name task (r=.61, p=.001) and was weaker free recall on the face‐name task (r=.26, p=0.016) as well on the maze‐learning task (r=‐.16, p=.200). Contrary to expectation, there was no significant effect of mood condition on perceived performance on Face‐Name learning task (MD=‐2.43, p=498), but sad mood was associated with better perceived performance on the maze‐learning task (MD=13.34, p=.015). Results also indicated that RSFA and ME were implicated as mechanisms in subjective memory performance appraisal. Conclusion Findings indicate that SMC is a complex multifaceted phenomenon which may be underpinned by maladaptive self‐regulation and attentional systems, suggesting that psychological interventions may be appropriate for many older adults with SMC.
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ItemOnline Personalised Training in Memory Strategies for Everyday (OPTIMiSE) Program for Older Adults with Cognitive Concerns: Pilot Study Protocol(IOS PRESS, 2021)Memory interventions for older adults with cognitive concerns result in improved memory performance and maintenance of cognitive health. These programs are typically delivered face-to-face, which is resource intensive and creates access barriers, particularly for those with reduced mobility, limited transportation, and living in rural or remote areas. The COVID-19 pandemic has created an additional access barrier, given the increased risk this disease poses to older adults. Internet-based interventions seek to overcome these barriers. This paper describes the protocol of a pilot study that aims to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of one such internet-based intervention: the Online Personalised Training in Memory Strategies for Everyday (OPTIMiSE) program. OPTIMiSE focuses on improving knowledge regarding memory and providing training in effective memory strategies for everyday life. The pilot study described in this protocol will be a single-arm pre-post study of 8 weeks duration, with a single maintenance session 3 months post-intervention. Participants will be Australian adults aged ≥60 years reporting cognitive changes compared with 10 years ago. Primary outcome measures will address feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy. Secondary outcome measures assessing sense of community and self-efficacy will be administered at the 8-week and 3-month timepoints. Data collection will conclude mid-2021, and results will be presented in a subsequent publication. Translation of memory interventions to internet-based delivery has the potential to remove many access barriers for older adults; however, the acceptability and feasibility of this modality needs investigation. OPTIMiSE is the initial step in what could be an important program enabling access to an evidence-based memory intervention for older adults worldwide. Trial registration: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), ACTRN12620000979954.
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ItemStart-Online: Acceptability And Feasibility Of An Online Intervention For Carers Of People Living With Dementia( 2021)
Background:
With increasing numbers of people living with dementia relying on family to care for them at home, there is an urgent need for practical and evidence-based programs to support carers in maintaining their mental health and well-being. The objective of this study was to evaluate the acceptability and feasibility of a modified STrAtegies for RelaTives (START) program delivered online (START-online).Method:
A mixed methods non-blinded evaluation of START-online (using Zoom as videoconferencing platform) for acceptability and feasibility (completion rates and qualitative feedback through surveys and focus groups) and quantitative evaluation. This occurred at the National Ageing Research Institute, in metropolitan Victoria, Australia.Results:
: Twenty-nine eligible carers were referred, 20 (70%) consented to the study. Of these 16 (80%) completed all eight sessions, two completed only three sessions, and two withdrew. Carers’ qualitative feedback indicated that the therapist interaction was valued, content and online delivery of the program was acceptable. Feedback was mixed on the appropriate stage of caring.Conclusion:
START-online was feasible and acceptable for carers, including those living outside of metropolitan areas who might otherwise be unable to access face-to-face programs. With the recent COVID-19 pandemic necessitating social distancing to avoid infection, interventions such as this one have increasing relevance in the provision of flexible services.