Electrical and Electronic Engineering - Research Publications

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    Computerised Cardiotocography Analysis for the Automated Detection of Fetal Compromise during Labour: A Review
    Mendis, L ; Palaniswami, M ; Brownfoot, F ; Keenan, E (MDPI, 2023-09)
    The measurement and analysis of fetal heart rate (FHR) and uterine contraction (UC) patterns, known as cardiotocography (CTG), is a key technology for detecting fetal compromise during labour. This technology is commonly used by clinicians to make decisions on the mode of delivery to minimise adverse outcomes. A range of computerised CTG analysis techniques have been proposed to overcome the limitations of manual clinician interpretation. While these automated techniques can potentially improve patient outcomes, their adoption into clinical practice remains limited. This review provides an overview of current FHR and UC monitoring technologies, public and private CTG datasets, pre-processing steps, and classification algorithms used in automated approaches for fetal compromise detection. It aims to highlight challenges inhibiting the translation of automated CTG analysis methods from research to clinical application and provide recommendations to overcome them.
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    Multicolor detour phase holograms based on an Al plasmonic color filter.
    Khaleghi, SSM ; Wen, D ; Cadusch, J ; Crozier, KB (Optica Publishing Group, 2023-01-16)
    The remarkable advances in nanofabrication that have occurred over the last decade present opportunities for the realization of new types of holograms. In this work, for the first time to the best of our knowledge, a method for phase multicolor holograms based on nanohole arrays is described. The nanoholes are in an aluminum film that is interposed between the glass substrate and a silicon dioxide layer. The nanoholes serve as color filters for blue, green, and red wavelengths and provide the necessary phase distribution via the detour phase method. Our nanohole arrays are optimized to maximize the transmission efficiency of the red, green, and blue channels and to minimize the cross-talk between them. We design two multicolor holograms based on these filters and simulate their performance. The results show good fidelity to the desired holographic images. The proposed structure has the advantages of being very compact, of requiring only a simple fabrication method with one lithography step, and of employing materials (aluminum and silicon dioxide) that are compatible with standard CMOS technology.
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    Chemical Reactions-Based Detection Mechanism for Molecular Communications
    Cao, TN ; Jamali, V ; Wicke, W ; Zlatanov, N ; Yeoh, PL ; Evans, J ; Schober, R (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2023-03)
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    Safety-Based Speed Control of a Wheelchair Using Robust Adaptive Model Predictive Control.
    Yuan, M ; Wang, Y ; Li, L ; Chai, T ; Ang, WT (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2023-09-15)
    Electric-powered wheelchairs play a vital role in ensuring accessibility for individuals with mobility impairments. The design of controllers for tracking tasks must prioritize the safety of wheelchair operation across various scenarios and for a diverse range of users. In this study, we propose a safety-oriented speed tracking control algorithm for wheelchair systems that accounts for external disturbances and uncertain parameters at the dynamic level. We employ a set-membership approach to estimate uncertain parameters online in deterministic sets. Additionally, we present a model predictive control scheme with real-time adaptation of the system model and controller parameters to ensure safety-related constraint satisfaction during the tracking process. This proposed controller effectively guides the wheelchair speed toward the desired reference while maintaining safety constraints. In cases where the reference is inadmissible and violates constraints, the controller can navigate the system to the vicinity of the nearest admissible reference. The efficiency of the proposed control scheme is demonstrated through high-fidelity speed tracking results from two tasks involving both admissible and inadmissible references.
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    The Cost of Noncoherence: Avoiding Channel Estimation Through Differential Encoding in Phase Quantized Systems
    Gayan, S ; Inaltekin, H ; Senanayake, R ; Evans, J (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2023-01-01)
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    Joint Beam-and-Probabilistic Shaping Scheme Based on Orbital Angular Momentum Mode for Indoor Optical Wireless Communications
    Li, J ; Yang, Q ; Dai, X ; Lim, C ; Nirmalathas, A (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2023-10-15)
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    Sub-Optimal Moving Horizon Estimation in Feedback Control of Linear Constrained Systems
    Yang, Y ; Manzie, C ; Pu, Y (IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC, 2023)
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    Room Temperature Bias-Selectable, Dual-Band Infrared Detectors Based on Lead Sulfide Colloidal Quantum Dots and Black Phosphorus
    Wang, S ; Ashokan, A ; Balendhran, S ; Yan, W ; Johnson, BC ; Peruzzo, A ; Crozier, KB ; Mulvaney, P ; Bullock, J (AMER CHEMICAL SOC, 2023-06-15)
    A single photodetector capable of switching its peak spectral photoresponse between two wavelength bands is highly useful, particularly for the infrared (IR) bands in applications such as remote sensing, object identification, and chemical sensing. Technologies exist for achieving dual-band IR detection with bulk III-V and II-VI materials, but the high cost and complexity as well as the necessity for active cooling associated with some of these technologies preclude their widespread adoption. In this study, we leverage the advantages of low-dimensional materials to demonstrate a bias-selectable dual-band IR detector that operates at room temperature by using lead sulfide colloidal quantum dots and black phosphorus nanosheets. By switching between zero and forward bias, these detectors switch peak photosensitive ranges between the mid- and short-wave IR bands with room temperature detectivities of 5 × 109 and 1.6 × 1011 cm Hz1/2 W-1, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, these are the highest reported room temperature values for low-dimensional material dual-band IR detectors to date. Unlike conventional bias-selectable detectors, which utilize a set of back-to-back photodiodes, we demonstrate that under zero/forward bias conditions the device's operation mode instead changes between a photodiode and a phototransistor, allowing additional functionalities that the conventional structure cannot provide.
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    Reachability of Linear Time-Invariant Systems via Ellipsoidal Approximations
    Liu, V ; Manzie, C ; Dower, PM (Elsevier BV, 2023-01-01)
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    Estimating and detecting random processes on the unit circle
    Liu, C ; Suvorova, S ; Evans, RJ ; Moran, W ; Melatos, A (Elsevier BV, 2023-01-01)