- Graeme Clark Collection
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ItemVowel imitation task: results over time for 28 cochlear implant children under the age of eight yearsDettman, S. J. ; Barker, E. J. ; Dowell, R. C. ; Dawson, P. W. ; Blamey, P. J. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1995)With increasing numbers of implanted children under the age of 4 years, numerous researchers have reminded us of the need for valid, sensitive, and reliable tests of developing speech perception.1,2 In addition to studies of the efficacy of implanted prostheses, there is a need to investigate the many variables that influence children's communicative performance, such as changes in speech-coding strategy, updated speech-processing systems, the effects of various training regimens, and the selection of educational and communication modes.
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ItemCochlear implants in children, adolescents, and prelinguistically deafened adults: speech perceptionDawson, Pam W. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Rowland, Louise C. ; Dettman, Shani J. ; Clark, Graeme M. ; Busby, Peter A. ; Brown, Alison M. ; Dowell, Richard C. ; Rickards, Field W. ( 1992)A group of 10 children, adolescents, and prelinguistically deafened adults were implanted with the 22-electrode cochlear implant (Cochlear Ply Ltd) at the University of Melbourne Cochlear Implant Clinic and have used the prosthesis for periods from 12 to 65 months. Postoperative performance on the majority of closed-set speech perception tests was significantly greater than chance, and significantly better than preoperative performance for all of the patients. Five of the children have achieved substantial scores on open-set speech tests using hearing without lipreading. Phoneme scores in monosyllabic words ranged from 30% to 72%; word scores in sentences ranged from 26% to 74%. Four of these 5 children were implanted during preadolescence (aged 5:5 to 10:2 years) and the fifth, who had a progressive loss, was implanted during adolescence (aged 14:8 years). The duration of profound deafness before implantation varied from 2 to 8 years. Improvements were also noted over postoperative data collection times for the younger children. The remaining 5 patients who did not demonstrate open-set recognition were implanted after a longer duration of profound deafness (aged 13:11to 20:1 years). The results are discussed with reference to variables that may affect implant performance, such as age at onset of loss, duration of profound loss, age at implantation, and duration of implantation. They are compared with results for similar groups of children using hearing aids and cochlear implants.
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ItemEvaluation of a two-formant speech-processing strategy for a multichannel cochlear prosthesisDowell, R. C. ; Seligman, P. M. ; Blamey, P. J. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1987)Initial results with the two-formant speech-processing strategy (F0FIF2) confirm the advantage of a multichannel cochlear prosthesis capable of stimulating at different sites within the cochlea. The successful presentation of two spectral components by varying the place of stimulation leads to the possibility of presenting further spectral information in this manner. Because virtually all multichannel implant patients demonstrate good "place" (electrode site) discrimination, these more refined coding strategies should lead to benefits for the majority of implantees. Already, with the F0FIF2 strategy, we have a system that appears to provide some effective auditory-alone communication ability for the average patient.
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ItemA multiple-electrode intracochlear implant for childrenClark, Graeme M. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Busby, Peter A. ; Dowell, Richard C. ; Franz, Burkhard K-H. ; Musgrave, Gaye Nicholls ; Nienhuys, Terry G. ; Pyman, Brian C. ; Roberts, Susan A. ; Tong, Yit C. ; Webb, Robert L. ; Kuzma, Januz A. ; Money, David K. ; Patrick, James F. ; Seligman, Peter M. ( 1987)A multiple-electrode intracochlear implant that provides 21 stimulus channels has been designed for use in young children. It is smaller than the adult version and has magnets to facilitate the attachment of the headset. It has been implanted in two children aged 5 and 10 years. The two children both lost hearing in their third year, when they were still learning language. Following implantation, it was possible to determine threshold and comfortable listening levels for each electrode pair. This was facilitated in the younger child by prior training in scaling visual and electrotactile stimuli. Both children are regular users of the implant, and a training and assessment program has been commenced.
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ItemTwo-component hearing sensations produced by two-electrode stimulation in the cochlear of a deaf patientTong, Y. C. ; Dowell, R. C. ; Blamey, P. J. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1983)http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/219/4587/993?ijkey=v6jEOhdpzPCxw&keytype=ref&siteid=sci
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ItemPsychophysical studies evaluating the feasibility of a speech processing strategy for a multiple-channel cochlear implantTong, Y. C. ; Blamey, P. J. ; Dowell, R. C. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1983)Abstract not available due to copyright.