Graeme Clark Collection

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Author: Clark, Graeme × Author: Shepherd, Robert × Author: TYKOCINSKI, MICHAEL × End date: 2001 × Start date: 2000 × Subject: cochlear implants ×

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    Chronic monopolar high rate simulation of the auditory nerve: physiological and histopathological effects
    TYKOCINSKI, MICHAEL ; Linahan, Neil ; Shepherd, R. K. ; Clark, Graeme M. (Kugler Publications, 2001)
    There is clinical interest in the development of high rate speech processing strategies, since there are indications that these might enhance speech perception due to an improved representation of the rapid variations in amplitude of speech. Significant improvement in speech perception using high rate stimulation has been demonstrated in cochlear implant recipients. However, it is important that the long-term safety of high rate stimulation is clearly established prior to its general clinical application. This is especially important, since acute animal studies have shown that high rate stimulation can induce a reduction in the excitability of the auditory nerve. This was also associated with an increase in both threshold and latency of the electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR). However, while a chronic stimulation study indicated that monopolar electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve at rates of 1000 pulses per second (pps)/channel (three channels) had no adverse effects on the spiral ganglion cell density (SGCO),5 there is limited data concerning higher rates. In the present study, we evaluated the electrophysiological and histopathological effects of chronic monopolar electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve using considerably higher stimulus rates than have been used in previous studies.
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    Post mortem study of the intracochlear position of the nucleus standard 22 electrode array
    XU, JIN ; Dahm, M. C. ; Tykocinski, Michael. ; Shepherd, Robert K. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 2000)
    The final position of an intracochlear cochlear implant electrode array can vary depending on the pathology, the insertion technique used and the type of electrode array used. The distance of the electrodes from the target neural elements and the presence of intracochlear fibrous tissue or new bone formation are believed to affect the performance of the device. A post mortem study was conducted to assess these factors.
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    Physiological and histopathological effects of chronic monopolar high rate stimulation on the auditory nerve
    TYKOCINSKI, MICHAEL ; Linahan, N. ; Shepherd, R. K. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 2000)
    Speech processing strategies based on high rate electrical stimulation have been associated with improvements in speech perception among cochlear implant users. The present study was designed to evaluate the electrophysiological and histopathological effects of long-term intracochlear monopolar stimulation at the maximum stimulus rate of the current Nucleus Cochlear implant system (14493 pulses/s) as part of our ongoing investigations of safety issues associated with cochlear implants