Graeme Clark Collection

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1992 - 1994 2
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Author: Clark, Graeme × Author: Shepherd, Robert × Author: Xu, Jin × End date: 1999 × Start date: 1990 × Subject: cochlear implant × Subject: otolaryngology ×

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    Cochlear implantation in young children: histological studies on head growth, leadwire design, and electrode fixation in the monkey model
    Burton, M. J. ; Shepherd, R. K. ; Xu, S. A. ; Xu, J. ; Franz, B. K-H. G. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1994)
    For safe cochlear implantation in children under 2 years of age, the implant assembly must not adversely affect adjacent tissues or compromise head growth. Furthermore, growth changes and tissue responses should not impair the function of the device. Dummy receiver-stimulators, interconnect plugs, and leadwire-lengthening systems were implanted for periods of 36 months in the young monkey to effectively model the implantation of the young child. The results show that implanting a receiver-stimulator package has no adverse effects on skull growth or the underlying central nervous system. The system for fixing the electrode at the fossa incudis proved effective. There was marked osteoneogenesis in the mastoid cavity, resulting in the fixation of the leadwire outside the cochlea. This study provides evidence for the safety of cochlear implantation in young subjects.
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    Investigation of curved intracochlear electrode arrays [Abstract]
    Xu, Shi-Ang ; Xu, J. ; Seldon, H Lee. ; Shepherd, R. K. ; Clark, G. M. ( 1992)
    It has been demonstrated that the Melbourne/Cochlear multi-channel cochlear implant is safe and effective for use in profoundly-totally deaf patients. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of deaf insertion and placing the electrodes closer to the spiral ganglion neurons. In order to improve the electrode insertion depth and proximity to the modiolus, we have investigated curved electrode arrays. Prototypes of such arrays and their accessory inserter have been made. Trial insertions were performed on skeletonized cochleae of human temporal bones. The preliminary results showed that, when compared with conventional straight electrode arrays, the curved arrays could be inserted deeper and located closer to the modiolus. These findings indicate that the curved --.~ electrodes currently under investigation should result in a reduction in stimulus threshold and improve pitch perception and may also result in the use of more channels of stimulation.