Graeme Clark Collection

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Author: Clark, Graeme × End date: 1997 × Start date: 1992 × Subject: cochlear implant × Subject: profound deafness ×

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    The development of the Melbourne/Cochlear multiple-channel cochlear implant for profoundly deaf children
    Clark, Graeme M. ; Busby, Peter A. ; Dowell, Richard C. ; Dawson, Pamella W. ; Pyman, Brian C. ; Webb, Robert L. ; Staller, Steven J. ; Beiter, Anne L. ; Brimacombe, Judith A. ( 1992)
    In 1978-79, a speech processing strategy which extracted the voicing (FO) and second formant (F2) frequencies and presented these as rate and place of stimulation respectively to residual auditory nerve fibres was developed for the University of Melbourne's prototype multiple-channel receiver-stimulator (Clark et aI1977, Clark et a11978, Tong et aI1980). This speech processing strategy was shown to provide post linguistically deaf adults with some open-set speech comprehension using electrical stimulation alone, and considerable help when used in combination with lipreading (Clark et al 1981).
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    Development of an advanced electrotactile speech processor [Abstract]
    Cowan, Robert S. C. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Glavin, K. L. ; Sarant, J. Z. ; Millard, R. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1992)
    Initial studies with a multiple channel electrotactile speech processor ('Tickle Talker') showed that profoundly hearing-impaired adults and children could achieve significant improvements on speech perception tests through use of tactual-encoded estimates of fundamental frequency, second formant frequency and amplitude envelope. Results showed that the device provided tactual cues which could be used to discriminate speech features such as vowel length and place, and consonant manner and voicing. However, discrimination of initial consonant voicing was not as consistent as for other features. Accurate discrimination of consonant voicing and manner (particularly high frequency information) is critical, since this Information is generally inaudible through hearing aids, and difficult to lipread.
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    Cochlear implantation in young children: long-term effects of implantation on normal hair cells and spiral ganglion cells in the monkey model [Abstract]
    Burton, Martin J. ; Shepherd, R. K. ; Xu, S-A. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1992)
    Recent independent results obtained by profoundly deaf children implanted with the Melbourne 22-channel cochlear implant (1) have provided further impetus. for examining thefeasibility of implanting children under two and children with profound deafness. Safety st1,ldies, in appropriate animal models, must first establish the safety of this procedure.