Graeme Clark Collection

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Author: Dowell, Richard × End date: 1984 × Start date: 1980 × Type: Journal Article × Subject: speech processor ×

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    A multiple-channel cochlear implant: an evaluation using nonsense syllables
    Clark, Graeme M. ; Tong, Yit Chow ; Martin, Lois F. ; Busby, Peter A. ; Dowell, Richard C. ; Seligman, Peter M. ; Patrick, James F. ( 1981)
    A study using nonsense syllables has shown that a multiple-channel cochlear implant with speech processor is effective in providing information about, voicing and manner and to a lesser extent place distinctions. These distinctions supplement lipreading cues. Furthermore, the average percentage improvements in overall identification scores for multiple-channel electrical stimulation and lipreading compared to lipreading alone were 71% for a laboratory-based speech processor and 122 % for a wearable unit.
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    Clinical trial of a multi-channel cochlear prosthesis: results on 10 postlingually deaf patients
    Clark, Graeme M. ; Dowell, R. C. ; Pyman, B. C. ; Brown, A. M. ; Webb, R. L. ; Tong, Y. C. ; Bailey, Q. ; Seligman, P. M. ( 1984)
    The clinical trial of a multi-channel cochlear prosthesis has been carried out on 10 profoundly-totally deaf adult patients. Speech perception tests have shown that all the patients received significant benefit from the device. They obtained improvements in understanding running speech from 47% to 550% when using the device in conjunction with lipreading compared to lipreading alone. With an open-set CID sentence test, three patients obtained scores showing an ability to understand speech without the need to lipread, and a further three patients had scores indicating they could also receive useful information without lipreading. In two patients, very limited open-set scores for electrical stimulation alone were obtained. This was most probably due to the fact that only a few channels of stimulation were possible due to cochlear disease and they were therefore receiving information more like a single-channel device. The prosthesis has also been found to provide considerable help in hearing and recognizing everyday sounds.
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    A 12-consonant confusion study on a multiple-channel cochlear implant patient
    Dowell, R. C. ; Martin, L. F. A. ; Tong, Y. C. ; Clark, Graeme M. ; Seligman, P. M. ; Patrick, J. F. ( 1982)
    A consonant confusion study was undertaken on a multiple-channel cochlear implant patient using a wearable speech processing device. This patient suffered from total bilateral deafness acquired postlingually. The consonants /b/, /p/, /m/, /v/, /f/, /d/, /t/,/n/, /z/, /s/, /g/, /k/ were presented in VCV context with the vowel /a/ as in father by a male and female speaker under three conditions: lipreading alone; electrical stimulation alone using the wearable speech processor and multiple-channel cochlear implant; lipreading in conjunction with electrical stimulation. No significant difference was detected between the results for the male and female speakers. The percentage correct scores for the pooled results of both speakers were lipreading alone - 30%; electrical stimulation alone - 48%; lipreading with electrical simulation - 70%. Performance was significantly better for lipreading with electrical stimulation than for lipreading alone and for electrical stimulation alone than for lipreading alone. An information transmission analysis demonstrated the effective integration of visual and auditory information for lipreading with electrical stimulation. There was a significant improvement in performance for the electrical stimulation alone condition over the 2 months of the study in contrast to no such improvement for lipreading alone.