Graeme Clark Collection
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ItemSpeech perception results in children using the 22-electrode cochlear implant [Abstract]( 1990)Twenty-one profoundly hearing impaired children ranging in age from 3 to 20 years have been implanted with the 22-electrode cochlear implant (Cochlear Pty ltd) at the University of Melbourne Cochlear Implant Clinic. Five children (aged 6.0 to 14.8 years) have achieved substantial scores on open set speech tests using hearing without lipreading. Phoneme scores in monosyllabic words ranged from 30% to 72%. Word scores in sentences ranged from 26% to 74%. Four of these five children were implanted during preadolescence and the fifth who had a progressive loss, was implanted during adolescence. Eight children (aged 3.0 to 11 years), have either been implanted recently or are too young for detailed assessments. However some have shown using closed set speech perception tests or vowel imitation tasks, that they are beginning to use the auditory input provided by the implant. The remaining children (aged 13.11 to 20.1 years) have not demonstrated open set recognition but are all full time users of the device. This group was implanted during adolescence after a long duration of profound deafness. The results will be discussed with reference to a number of variables which may contribute to successful implant use; such as age of onset of deafness, duration of deafness. age of implantation, educational program and type of training.
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ItemPreliminary results with a miniature speech processor for the 22-electrode Melbourne/Cochlear hearing prosthesis(Kugler & Ghedini, 1990)The 22-electrode cochlear prosthesis developed by the University of Melbourne in conjunction with Cochlear Pty Ltd has been used successfully by profoundly deaf patients since 1982 and is now a part of everyday life for some 2000 people in many countries around the world. The implanted part of the prosthesis has remained relatively unchanged in this time except for the alteration of the design in 1986 to incorporate an implanted magnet and reduce the overall thickness of the device. The implanted magnet eliminated the need for wire headsets which were difficult to fit and in some cases did not maintain the position of the external transmitter coil adequately. This was felt to be essential before the prosthesis could be used in young children.
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ItemMultichannel cochlear implantation in Usher's Syndrome(Kelleher & Associates, 1990)Four patients with Usher's syndrome have been implanted with the multichannel cochlear prosthesis developed by the University of Melbourne and Cochlear Pty. Ltd. All four patients have made good progress with the implant and use the device during most waking hours. One subject, an adult who developed speech and language before developing profound deafness, has learned to use the cochlear implant for auditory alone communication. Her results on speech perception testing compare favourably with other implanted adults. The other subjects were adolescents or young adults when implanted and had congenital profound or total hearing losses. These subjects retained adequate vision for lipreading but had lost hearing before the development of speech and language. Results for these subjects have indicated that the cochlear implant significantly aids lipreading and improves the detection and recognition of environmental sounds. However, they have not, as yet, been able to use the device for communication in the auditory alone condition. The ability to use the device in this condition would become important should vision deteriorate further. These preliminary results suggest that for patients with Usher's syndrome where deafness is progressive and speech and language have developed normally, the multichannel cochlear implant can provide an alternative auditory communication system when vision is no longer functional. When Usher's syndrome has caused a congenital profound deafness, it maybe necessary for the cochlear implant to be integrated into the child's normal speech and language development from an early age to obtain optimal results.