Graeme Clark Collection

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Author: Galvin, Karyn × End date: 1992 × Start date: 1990 × Subject: speech perception ×

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    Perception of multiple electrode stimulus patterns: implications for design of an electrotactile speech processor
    Cowan, Robert S. C. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Sarant, Julia Z. ; Galvin, Karyn L. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1991)
    Abstract not available due to copyright.
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    The Tickle Talker: a speech perception aid for profoundly hearing impaired children [Abstract]
    Cowan, Robert S. C. ; Sarant, Julia Z. ; Galvin, Karyn L. ; Alcantara, Joseph I. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1990)
    Fifteen prelingually profoundly hearing-impaired children participated in speech perception training and evaluation, to assess potential benefits from use of the Tickle Talker. This device, a multichannel electrotactile speech processor, developed by Cochlear Pty. Ltd. and the University of Melbourne, presents speech as a pattern of electrical sensations felt on the fingers. The eight small electrodes are located over the digital nerve bundles, on both sides of the four fingers of the non-dominant hand. Speech processing hardware is similar to that used in the 22-channel cochlear implant. In the encoding strategy, second formant frequency (F2) is presented as electrode position, speech waveform amplitude as stimulus strength, and fundamental frequency (FO) as rate of stimulation. Each child participated in an ongoing training program involving clinicians, teachers and parents. The evaluation program included measures of sound and speech detection thresholds, and discrimination of speech features, words and open-set sentences. Both individual and mean scores for all the children demonstrate significant improvements in speech perception scores when input from the Tickle Talker is combined with either aided-residual hearing, or aided residual hearing and lipreading. These results are consistent with those previously reported for profoundly hearing-impaired adults using the Tickle Talker, and indicate that children are able to integrate speech information provided through the tactual modality with information from vision or residual hearing.
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    Perception of sentences, words, and speech features by profoundly hearing-impaired children using a multichannel electrotactile speech processor
    Cowan, Robert S. C. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Galvin, Karyn L. ; Sarant, Julia Z. ; Alcantara, Joseph I. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1990)
    Abstract not available due to copyright.
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    Development of an advanced electrotactile speech processor [Abstract]
    Cowan, Robert S. C. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Glavin, K. L. ; Sarant, J. Z. ; Millard, R. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1992)
    Initial studies with a multiple channel electrotactile speech processor ('Tickle Talker') showed that profoundly hearing-impaired adults and children could achieve significant improvements on speech perception tests through use of tactual-encoded estimates of fundamental frequency, second formant frequency and amplitude envelope. Results showed that the device provided tactual cues which could be used to discriminate speech features such as vowel length and place, and consonant manner and voicing. However, discrimination of initial consonant voicing was not as consistent as for other features. Accurate discrimination of consonant voicing and manner (particularly high frequency information) is critical, since this Information is generally inaudible through hearing aids, and difficult to lipread.