Graeme Clark Collection

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End date: 1988 × Start date: 1988 × Type: Conference Paper × Subject: otolaryngology ×

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    Combining tactile, auditory and visual information for speech perception
    Blamey, P. J. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1988)
    Four normally hearing subjects were trained and tested with all combinations of a highly degraded auditory input, a visual input via lipreading, and a tactile input using a multichannel electrotactile speech processor. When the visual input was added to any combination of other inputs, a significant improvement occurred for every test. Similarly, the auditory input produced a significant improvement for all tests except closed-set vowel recognition. The tactile input produced scores that were significantly greater than chance in isolation, but combined less effectively with the other modalities. The less effective combination might be due to lack of training with the tactile input, or to more fundamental limitations in the processing of multimodal stimuli.
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    The influence of electrode geometry on the electrically evoked auditory brain stem response
    Shepherd, R. K. ; Hatsushika, S. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1988)
    The electrically-evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR) consists of a series of far-field potentials that reflect synchronous neural activity within the auditory brainstem in response to a transient electrical stimulus. The EABR appears relatively simply organized in terms of its amplitude and latency behaviour. The growth in amplitude of wave IV of the EABR, for example, reflects changes in the amplitude of the electrically-evoked VIII nerve compound action potential as a function of stimulus intensity. In addition, single unit population studies have shown a monotonic relationship between the growth in EABR amplitude and the number of nerve fibres being stimulated (Merzenich and White, 1977). The EABR can therefore, provide an insight into the response of the auditory nerve to electrical stimulation. We have used this technique to investigate the efficacy of electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve using a variety of stimulating electrode geometries.