Graeme Clark Collection

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1992 - 1999 5
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End date: 1999 × Start date: 1990 × Subject: cochlear implant × Subject: otolaryngology × Subject: speech processor ×

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    Combined electrical and acoustical stimulation using a bimodal prosthesis
    Dooley, Gary J. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Seligman, Peter M. ; Alcantara, Joseph I. ; Clark, Graeme M. ; Shallop, Jon K. ; Arndt, Patti ; Heller, James W. ; Menapace, Christine M. ( 1993)
    A new device incorporating a cochlear implant speech processor and a speech-processing hearing aid for the un-implanted ear has been designed and tested with four severely hearing-impaired patients. The aim of the device is to provide a more acceptable and effective combination of electrical and acoustic signals to the two ears. When used monaurally, and binaurally in conjunction with the cochlear implant, the speech-processing hearing aid mean scores for open-set sentences, words, and consonants were as good as or better than the mean scores for the patients' own conventional hearing aids. Some patients improved much more than did others. Although not conclusive, these results are encouraging, especially as they were achieved with a laboratory prototype that did not allow the patients to become accustomed to the processor in everyday situations.
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    The development of the nucleus multiple-channel cochlear implant
    Clark, Graeme M. ( 1993)
    Physiology, biology, psychophysics and speech research studies led to the development of the inaugural cue-extraction speech processing strategy used in the Nucleus multiple-channel cochlear implant. This resulted in postlinguistically deaf adults obtaining open-set word scores for electrical stimulation alone, as well as significant improvements in understanding running speech when electrical stimulation was combined with lip-reading. Further speech processing research has resulted in progressive improvements in speech perception for postlinguistically deaf adults. The improvements have principally involved presenting more spectral information on a place coding basis, but additional temporal information has also improved its performance. The cue-extraction or speech-feature strategies used with the multiple-channel implant have also been shown to provide postlinguistically and prelinguistically deaf children (two to 17 years of age) with significant help in communication. In the children, open-set speech scores are most frequently obtained in the youngest age groups, and with longer periods of auditory training.
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    Parameter selection and programming recommendations for the ACE and CIS speech processing strategies [Abstract]
    Plant, Kerrie L. ; Whitford, Lesley A. ; Psarros, C. E. ; Vandali, A. E. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1999)
    The Nucleus 24 Cochlear Implant system with the SPrint processor provides access to multiple speech processing strategies and a wide range of programming parameters. Strategy comparison studies have suggested that the optimal parameter set and coding strategy varies from individual to individual. It is necessary, however, to establish some default programming parameters and fitting guidelines. Therefore we have investigated the effect of stimulation rate and the number of channels or maxima in the ACE or CIS strategies, as well as the optimal programming strategy for subjects with a limited number of available electrodes. Speech perception was tested using monosyllabic words and sentences in noise, with the evaluation protocol designed to take into account learning effects. Take-home experience was provided with all programs, and subjects were asked to complete a comparative performance questionnaire regarding program preference. Six or eight subjects were enrolled in each study.
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    An improved speech processor for a 22-electrode cochelar implant [Abstract]
    Clark, Graeme M. ; McKay, C. ; McDermott, H. ; Vandali, A. ( 1992)
    A spectral maxima speech processing strategy ( SMSP) has been developed as a result of research to improve the speech perception performance of a multiple-channel cochlear implant. With this speech processing strategy. the six spectral maxima from the outputs of 16 band pass filters are used to stimulate the cochlea on a place basis at a constant rate. This SMSP strategy has been compared with the MSP-MULTIPEAK strategy, the present speech processor provided by Cochlear Pty. Limited, on four postlinguistically deaf adults. The study showed that the SMSP strategy was significantly better than the MSP-MULTJPEAK for the recognition of closed-set vowels and consonants, and open-set monosyllable words and sentences in background noise.