Graeme Clark Collection

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Start date: 2010 × Subject: language development ×

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    Initial speech perception results with the new multipeak speech processor for the 22-electrode cochlear prosthesis [Abstract]
    Webb, Robert L. ; Dowell, Richard C. ; Seligman, Peter M. ; Whitford, Lesley A. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( [1990])
    A new speech processor has been developed for the 22-electrode cochlear prosthesis by Cochlear Pty Ltd working in conjunction with the Department of Otolaryngology at the University of Melbourne. The new device, known as the MSP, combines smaller, more efficient hardware with a new speech coding scheme in an attempt to provide better speech perception in everyday environments for implant users. The MSP operates with the current implant device so there is no need for existing implantees to have revision surgery to make use of the new development. The multipeak speech coding scheme, which has been implemented in the MSP, provides information from three high frequency spectral bands, in addition to the parameters of voice pitch, amplitude and first and second formants which have been provided in the existing FOFIF2 coding scheme for the last four years. Initial speech perception results with research subjects have shown significant improvements in performance for the MSP over the older system (WSP III). The most encouraging result is that open-set speech perception in the presence of competing noise has improved substantially. For example, mean scores for BKB sentences in a 10 dB signal-to-noise ratio were 64% for the MSP and 31% for the WSP III. Further investigations have shown that both the hardware improvements and the new multipeak speech coding scheme have contributed significantly to the overall improvement in performance. Studies are continuing to analyse further the potential of the new system.
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    Multiple-channel cochlear implants for children [Abstract]
    Clark, Graeme M. ; Dawson, Pam W. ( [1991])
    The children's program at The University of Melbourne Cochlear Implant Clinic involves a team of ENT surgeons, audiologists, speech pathologists and a teacher of the deaf. After a child is considered suitable for implantation, he/she enters a preoperative program for a minimum of three months. During this time, there is counselling of parents, liaison with teachers, weekly training in speech production, language and speech perception and baseline assessments in these three areas. The child continues to receive weekly training and regular assessments in the postoperative period. Twenty children have been implanted in Melbourne with the 22-electrode cochlear implant to date. Formal results have been collected over time for nine of these children. Five children (aged 6.0 to 14.8 years at implantation) have known open-set speech recognition through hearing. Four of these five children were implanted before adolescence and the fifth, who had a deteriorating loss, was implanted during adolescence. The remaining children who did not demonstrate open-set recognition, were implanted during adolescence after a long duration of profound deafness. Postoperative performance on closed-set speech perception tests was better that preoperative performance for the group of five children with open-set recognition. There were also improvements in speech and language assessments.