Graeme Clark Collection

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    The effects of electrode position and stimulus period on the hearing sensations in a multiple-channel cochlear implant patient [Abstract]
    Tong, Y. C. ; Blamey, P. J. ; Dowell, R. C. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1981)
    Abstract not available due to copyright.
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    Perceptual dissimilarity and discrimination studies using two-electrode stimulation with a multiple-channel cochlear implant patient [Abstract]
    Dowell, R. C. ; Tong, Y. C. ; Blamey, P. J. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1981)
    Abstract not available due to copyright.
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    Combined cochlear implant and speech processing hearing aid for implant users with a severe to profound hearing loss in the contralateral ear [Abstract]
    BLAMEY, PETER ; Parisi, Elvira ; Dooley, Gary ( 1994)
    The bimodal device was developed for cochlear implant users who simultaneously wear a hearing aid in the opposite ear having residual hearing of a severe to profound degree. The aim was to create a single device to provide both input signals in a more compatible manner and thus maximise use of the individual's total hearing capabilities. The acoustic component of the bimodal device is very flexible and can implement various speech processing strategies with speed, ease and precision. The Frequency Response Tailoring strategy utilises three filters to fit a frequency gain curve to within 1-2 dB of that desired. Modifications at discrete frequencies, ranges or slopes can be readily made. The Peak Sharpening or Spectral Enhancement strategy amplifies the formant peaks in speech for potential improvement of formant resolution and speech perception in the presence of background noise. The Resynthesis strategy presents specifically selected components of speech in selected combinations and includes the ability to transpose higher frequency information to lower frequency ranges for individuals with no aidable high frequency hearing levels. Different fits can be quickly and easily interchanged for comparison and evaluation and subsequent modifications indicated can be readily effected. Any combination of acoustic and implant speech processing strategy can be presented to optimise speech perception for the individual user.
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    Speech feature encoding through an electrotactile speech processor [Abstract]
    Cowan, Robert S. C. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Alcantara, Joseph I. ; Whitford, Lesley A. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1989)
    Abstract not available due to copyright.
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    The Tickle Talker: a speech perception aid for profoundly hearing impaired children [Abstract]
    Cowan, Robert S. C. ; Sarant, Julia Z. ; Galvin, Karyn L. ; Alcantara, Joseph I. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1990)
    Fifteen prelingually profoundly hearing-impaired children participated in speech perception training and evaluation, to assess potential benefits from use of the Tickle Talker. This device, a multichannel electrotactile speech processor, developed by Cochlear Pty. Ltd. and the University of Melbourne, presents speech as a pattern of electrical sensations felt on the fingers. The eight small electrodes are located over the digital nerve bundles, on both sides of the four fingers of the non-dominant hand. Speech processing hardware is similar to that used in the 22-channel cochlear implant. In the encoding strategy, second formant frequency (F2) is presented as electrode position, speech waveform amplitude as stimulus strength, and fundamental frequency (FO) as rate of stimulation. Each child participated in an ongoing training program involving clinicians, teachers and parents. The evaluation program included measures of sound and speech detection thresholds, and discrimination of speech features, words and open-set sentences. Both individual and mean scores for all the children demonstrate significant improvements in speech perception scores when input from the Tickle Talker is combined with either aided-residual hearing, or aided residual hearing and lipreading. These results are consistent with those previously reported for profoundly hearing-impaired adults using the Tickle Talker, and indicate that children are able to integrate speech information provided through the tactual modality with information from vision or residual hearing.
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    Results in children using the 22 electrode cochlear implant [Abstract]
    Dawson, Pam W. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Clark, Graeme M. ; Busby, P. A. ; Rowland, L.C. ; Dettman, S. J. ; Brown, A. M. ; Dowell, Richard C. ; Rickards, Field W. ; Alcantara, Joseph I. ( 1989)
    Abstract not available due to copyright.
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    Speech feature recognition by profoundly deaf children using the University of Melbourne multichannel electrotactile aid [Abstract]
    Alcantara, Joseph I. ; Whitford, Lesley A. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Cowan, Robert S. C. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1989)
    Abstract not available due to copyright.
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    Preliminary evaluation of a wearable multichannel electrotactile speech processor [Abstract]
    Cowan, R. S. C. ; Blamey, P. J. ; Alcantara, J. I. ; Whitford, L. W. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1988)
    Speech discrimination testing, using both open-and closed-set materials was carried out with four severely-to-profoundly hearing impaired adults. and seven normally hearing subjects, to assess performance of a wearable eight-channel electrotactile aid (Tickle Talker). The device consisted of a handset composed of nine electrodes, a stimulator-unit, and a speech processor and input microphone. Eight small electrodes were located over the digital nerve bundles on each side of the four fingers of one hand, and a larger common electrode was placed on the wrist. Subjects perceived eight separate channels of information, each corresponding to a stimulus on one side of one finger. The speech processor provided estimates of second formant frequency, fundamental frequency and amplitude of the speech waveform. These features were coded as electrode position, pulse rate and pulse width respectively. This processing strategy (FOF2AO) is similar to that used in an earlier model of the Cochlear Pty. Ltd. cochlear implant.
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    Speech perception with cochlear implants and tactile aids [Abstract]
    Blamey, P. J. ; Clark, Graeme M. ; Dowell, R. C. ( 1988)
    Abstract not available due to copyright.
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    Evaluation of training strategies with an electrotactile speech processor [Abstract]
    Alcantara, J. I. ; Cowan, R. S. ; Blamey, P. J. ; Whitford, L. W. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1988)
    During 1986, seven normally-hearing subjects were trained in the use of an electrotactile speech processor ("Tickle Talker"). Two training methods were used: (a) a combined strategy. in which a variety of training materials ranging from analytic to synthetic level were employed; and (b) a synthetic alone training strategy, in which only synthetic level training materials were used. All seven subjects received 70 hours of training, 35 hours in each training strategy. Subjects were evaluated in the tactile-lipreading (TL) and lipreading alone (L) conditions at: (I) 0 hours training; (2) 35 hours training; and (3) after 70 hours of training. An evaluation test battery was constructed which contained both closed-set and open-set materials. Results indicated differences in performance on the evaluation tests which were dependent upon the training strategy. The differences in performance were greater in some evaluation tests than others. Subsequently; seven severe-profoundly hearing-impaired children (aged 7-11) have been fitted with the Tickle Talker and are presently participating in an ongoing training programme. Evaluation of their performance will help to assess the suitability of the device for young children.