Graeme Clark Collection

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End date: 1979 × Start date: 1970 × Author: Patrick, James × Subject: cochlear implant ×

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    A preliminary report on a multiple-channel cochlear implant operation
    Tong, Y. C. ; Black, R. C. ; Clark, Graeme M. ; Forster, I. C. ; Millar, J. B. ; O'Loughlin, B. J. ; Patrick, J. F. (Cambridge University Press, 1979)
    Intra-cochlear single-channel electrical stimulation has recently been attempted by Michelson (1971) and by House and Urban (1973). Douek et at. (1977) have described experiments with a single-channel promontory electrode system. It is generally accepted that a single-channel system is useful in conveying crude auditory information such as the presence of sounds and some prosodic features of speech (Bilger et al., 1977; Douek et al., 1977). (From Introduction)
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    A cochlear implant round window electrode array
    Clark, Graeme M. ; Patrick, J. F. ; Bailey, Q. (Cambridge University Press, 1979)
    One important aspect of cochlear implantation is the placement of a multiple-electrode array close to residual auditory nerve fibres so that discrete groups of fibres can be stimulated electrically according to the place basis of frequency coding. Furthermore, in patients who are postlingually deaf these electrodes should lie in relation to the nerve fibres which are responsible for transmitting the frequencies which are important in speech comprehension, viz. 300-3,000 Hz. The method of electrode insertion should also ensure that there is no significant damage to auditory nerve fibres.
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    A multiple-electrode cochlear implant
    Clark, Graeme M. ; Tong, Y. C. ; Bailey, Q. R. ; Black, R. C. ; Martin, L. F. ; Millar, J. B. ; O'Loughlin B. J. ; Patrick, J. F. ; Pyman, B. C. ( 1978)
    Interest in artificially stimulating the auditory nerve electrically for sensori-neural deafness was first sparked off by Volta in the 18th century. Count Volta, who was the first to develop the electric battery, connected up a number of his batteries to two metal rods which he inserted into his ears. Having placed the rods in his ears he pressed the switch and received "une secousse dans la tete" and perceived a noise like "the boiling of thick soup".
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    Design criteria of a multiple-electrode cochlear implant hearing prosthesis
    Clark, Graeme M. ; Black, R. C. ; Forster, I. C. ; Patrick, J. F. ; Tong, Y. C. ( 1978)
    Abstract not available due to copyright.