Graeme Clark Collection

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    Speech perception in implanted children: effects of speech processing strategy and residual hearing
    Meskin, T. ; Rance, G. ; Cody, K. ; Sarant, J. ; Larratt, M. ; Latus, K. ; Hollow, R. ; Rehn, C. ; Dowell, R.C. ; Pyman, B. ; Gibson, W.P.R. ; Clark, Graeme M. ; Cowan, Robert S. C. ; Barker, E. J. ; Pegg, P. ; Dettman, S. ; Rennie, M. ; Galvin, K. (Mendoza Editor, 1997)
    The ability of implanted children to adapt to different speech processing strategies has been demonstrated for the Nucleus implant system. Children previously experienced with the Multipeak speech processing strategy. were able to gain significant improvements in consonant, word and sentence perception using the Speak speech processing strategy. suggesting some degree of neural plasticity in neural-auditory coding. Of 192 implanted children with different degrees of preoperative residual hearing, 65% were found to obtain significant scores on open-set speech materials using electrical stimulation alone. Those children with more residual hearing had a greater probability of achieving open-set understanding and at a minimum level, perceived high frequency consonant information which would not have been available through conventional hearing aids.
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    Habilitation issues in the management of children using the cochlear multiple-channel cochlear prosthesis
    Galvin Karyn L. ; Dawson Pam W. ; Hollow Rod. ; Dowell Richard C. ; Pyman B. ; Clark Graeme, M. ; Cowan, Robert S. C. ; Barker, Elizabeth J. ; Dettman, Shani J. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; RANCE, GARY ; Zarant, Julia Z. ( 1993)
    Since 1985, a significant proportion of patients seen In the Melbourne cochlear Implant clinic have been children. The children represent a diverse population, with both congenital and acquired hearing-impairment, a wide-range or hearing levels pre-Implant, and an age range from 2 years to 18 years. The habilitation programme developed for the overall group must be flexible enough to be tailored to the Individual needs of each child, and to adapt to the changing needs or children as they progress. Long-term data shows that children are continuing to show Improvements after 5-7 years of device use, particularly In their perception of open-set words and sentences. Habilitation programs must therefore be geared to the long-term needs of children and their families. Both speech perception and speech production need to be addressed In the specific content of the habilitation program for any Individual child. In addition, for young children, the benefits or Improved speech perception should have an Impact on development of speech and language, and the focus of the programme for this age child will reflect this difference In emphasis. Specific materials and approaches will vary for very young children, school-age and teenage children. In addition, educational selling will have a bearing on the Integration of listening and device use Into the classroom environment.
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    Speech perception, production and language results in a group of children using the 22-electrode cochlear implant
    Busby, P. A. ; Brown, A. M. ; DOWELL, RICHARD ; Rickards, Field W. ; Dawson, Pam W. ; Blamey, Peter J. ; Rowland, L.C. ; Dettman, Shani J. ; Altidis, P. M. ; Clark, Graeme M. ( 1989)
    Paper presented at the 118th Meeting of the Acoustical Society of America
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    Multichannel cochlear implantation in Usher's Syndrome
    Dettman, Shani J. ; Dowell, Richard C. ; Brown, A. M. ; Clark, Graeme M. (Kelleher & Associates, 1990)
    Four patients with Usher's syndrome have been implanted with the multichannel cochlear prosthesis developed by the University of Melbourne and Cochlear Pty. Ltd. All four patients have made good progress with the implant and use the device during most waking hours. One subject, an adult who developed speech and language before developing profound deafness, has learned to use the cochlear implant for auditory alone communication. Her results on speech perception testing compare favourably with other implanted adults. The other subjects were adolescents or young adults when implanted and had congenital profound or total hearing losses. These subjects retained adequate vision for lipreading but had lost hearing before the development of speech and language. Results for these subjects have indicated that the cochlear implant significantly aids lipreading and improves the detection and recognition of environmental sounds. However, they have not, as yet, been able to use the device for communication in the auditory alone condition. The ability to use the device in this condition would become important should vision deteriorate further. These preliminary results suggest that for patients with Usher's syndrome where deafness is progressive and speech and language have developed normally, the multichannel cochlear implant can provide an alternative auditory communication system when vision is no longer functional. When Usher's syndrome has caused a congenital profound deafness, it maybe necessary for the cochlear implant to be integrated into the child's normal speech and language development from an early age to obtain optimal results.