Asia Institute - Research Publications

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End date: 2018 × Start date: 2018 × Type: Report ×

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    Using the Government Financial Reporting Framework to Redraw the State and Market Boundary in China: A Two-Step Approach
    Wong, C ; Zhao, M (The World Bank, 2018)
    After four decades of remarkable economic achievement under market reforms, the leadership has called for a reset in the boundary between the State and the Market as an important corrective to help China sustain rapid economic growth, by imposing hard budget constraints on government and insulating SOEs from local government predation. This could start with revealing and reviewing the current operation and finance of the government through the new Government financial reporting framework (GFRS). The sheer size of SOEs and their engagement in provision and finance of public goods and services poses great challenge for China to immediately adopt international standard for GFRS. Given their huge size and diverse characteristics, it is neither correct nor practical to include all SOEs in the public sector. We therefore proposed a two-step approach for using the GFRS to redraw the boundary of the state and market. The first step is to adopt an accounting framework that aims to provide a comprehensive count of government operation and finance, focuses on the fiscal impact of entities, and simplifies the reporting requirements for the vast majority of SOEs. The second step is to review the government operation and finance with an economic framework. It is also hoped that the exercise itself will stimulate further reform of SOEs and a rethinking of the division of responsibilities between government and market. While one should not expect to reach a clear and ideal division between the state and market overnight, with successive iterations, the exercise will lead incrementally to greater clarity and improvements, as the process of implementing the GFRS sets off a beneficent cycle for China’s economic transformation to a higher quality and sustainable growth.
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    Draft Report on Tibet's Linguistic Minorities
    Roche, G ( 2018)
    This draft report provides new insights into the situation of the non-Tibetan languages spoken by Tibetans in the People’s Republic of China. Key findings are as follows: • Of the 20 languages surveyed, all are endangered (p4-5). • Experts believe that most of these languages will no longer be spoken by 2100 (p5). • Families are increasingly transmitting Chinese rather than their heritage language (p6). • All these languages are excluded from major social institutions such as media and education (p8-9). • Whilst Chinese dominates most social institutions, Tibetan dominates in religion (p8-10). • Speakers of minority languages typically face relatively mild levels of discrimination (p11). • Speakers of minority languages do not associate their language with their Tibetan identity (p12). • There appears to be a significant geographical basis to whether populations are shifting towards Tibetan or Chinese (p17
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    Tibetan Studies in Australia - Language and Education
    Roche, G ( 2018)
    As part of a series of articles in the IIAS newsletter on Tibetan studies in Australia, this article looks at: 1) the languages used by Tibetan studies scholars in Australia, and 2) the opportunities afforded by Australia's linguistics community for the study of language in Tibet.
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    Beyond Access: Making Indonesia's Education System Work
    Rosser, A (Lowy Institute for International Policy, 2018-02-21)