Asia Institute - Research Publications

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    The amalgamation of Malagasy
    Adelaar, KAA ; Bowden, J ; Himmelmann, NP ; Ross, M (Pacific Linguistics Publishers, 2010)
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    Association of TNFAIP3 interacting protein 1, TNIP1 with systemic lupus erythematosus in a Japanese population: a case-control association study.
    Kawasaki, A ; Ito, S ; Furukawa, H ; Hayashi, T ; Goto, D ; Matsumoto, I ; Kusaoi, M ; Ohashi, J ; Graham, RR ; Matsuta, K ; Behrens, TW ; Tohma, S ; Takasaki, Y ; Hashimoto, H ; Sumida, T ; Tsuchiya, N (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2010)
    INTRODUCTION: TNFAIP3 interacting protein 1, TNIP1 (ABIN-1) is involved in inhibition of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation by interacting with TNF alpha-induced protein 3, A20 (TNFAIP3), an established susceptibility gene to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent genome-wide association studies revealed association of TNIP1 with SLE in the Caucasian and Chinese populations. In this study, we investigated whether the association of TNIP1 with SLE was replicated in a Japanese population. In addition, association of TNIP1 with RA was also examined. METHODS: A case-control association study was conducted on the TNIP1 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs7708392 in 364 Japanese SLE patients, 553 RA patients and 513 healthy controls. RESULTS: Association of TNIP1 rs7708392C was replicated in Japanese SLE (allele frequency in SLE: 76.5%, control: 69.9%, P = 0.0022, odds ratio [OR] 1.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.13-1.74). Notably, the risk allele frequency in the healthy controls was considerably greater in Japanese (69.9%) than in Caucasians (24.3%). A tendency of stronger association was observed in the SLE patients with renal disorder (P = 0.00065, OR 1.60 [95%CI 1.22-2.10]) than in all SLE patients (P = 0.0022, OR 1.40 [95%CI 1.13-1.74]). Significant association with RA was not observed, regardless of the carriage of human leukocyte antigen DR β1 (HLA-DRB1) shared epitope. Significant gene-gene interaction between TNIP1 and TNFAIP3 was detected neither in SLE nor RA. CONCLUSIONS: Association of TNIP1 with SLE was confirmed in a Japanese population. TNIP1 is a shared SLE susceptibility gene in the Caucasian and Asian populations, but the genetic contribution appeared to be greater in the Japanese and Chinese populations because of the higher risk allele frequency. Taken together with the association of TNFAIP3, these observations underscore the crucial role of NF-κB regulation in the pathogenesis of SLE.
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    A at single nucleotide polymorphism-358 is required for G at -420 to confer the highest plasma resistin in the general Japanese population.
    Onuma, H ; Tabara, Y ; Kawamura, R ; Tanaka, T ; Ohashi, J ; Nishida, W ; Takata, Y ; Ochi, M ; Yamada, K ; Kawamoto, R ; Kohara, K ; Miki, T ; Makino, H ; Osawa, H ; Harpending, H (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2010-03-16)
    Insulin resistance is a feature of type 2 diabetes. Resistin, secreted from adipocytes, causes insulin resistance in mice. We previously reported that the G/G genotype of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at -420 (rs1862513) in the human resistin gene (RETN) increased susceptibility to type 2 diabetes by enhancing its promoter activity. Plasma resistin was highest in Japanese subjects with G/G genotype, followed by C/G, and C/C. In this study, we cross-sectionally analyzed plasma resistin and SNPs in the RETN region in 2,019 community-dwelling Japanese subjects. Plasma resistin was associated with SNP-638 (rs34861192), SNP-537 (rs34124816), SNP-420, SNP-358 (rs3219175), SNP+299 (rs3745367), and SNP+1263 (rs3745369) (P<10(-13) in all cases). SNP-638, SNP -420, SNP-358, and SNP+157 were in the same linkage disequilibrium (LD) block. SNP-358 and SNP-638 were nearly in complete LD (r(2) = 0.98), and were tightly correlated with SNP-420 (r(2) = 0.50, and 0.51, respectively). The correlation between either SNP-358 (or SNP-638) or SNP-420 and plasma resistin appeared to be strong (risk alleles for high plasma resistin; A at SNP-358, r(2) = 0.5224, P = 4.94x10(-324); G at SNP-420, r(2) = 0.2616, P = 1.71x10(-133)). In haplotypes determined by SNP-420 and SNP-358, the estimated frequencies for C-G, G-A, and G-G were 0.6700, 0.2005, and 0.1284, respectively, and C-A was rare (0.0011), suggesting that subjects with A at -358, generally had G at -420. This G-A haplotype conferred the highest plasma resistin (8.24 ng/ml difference/allele compared to C-G, P<0.0001). In THP-1 cells, the RETN promoter with the G-A haplotype showed the highest activity. Nuclear proteins specifically recognized one base difference at SNP-358, but not at SNP-638. Therefore, A at -358 is required for G at -420 to confer the highest plasma resistin in the general Japanese population. In Caucasians, the association between SNP-420 and plasma resistin is not strong, and A at -358 may not exist, suggesting that SNP-358 could explain this ethnic difference.
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    Is rs34861192 or rs1862513 a more promising variant for determining plasma resistin in an aged Japanese population?
    Osawa, H ; Tabara, Y ; Ohashi, J ; Kawamura, R ; Onuma, H ; Makino, H (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2010-04)
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    The Subject of Gender: Daughters and Mothers in Urban China.
    McLaren, AE (CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 2010-05)
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    Sino-Tai Words for 'to Eat'
    Luo, YL ( 2010)
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    Nationalism in Central Asia: Post-Soviet Expediency
    AKBARZADEH, S (LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, 2010)
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    Political acts and language revitalization: community and state in Maluku
    Florey, M ; Ewing, MC (Pacific Linguistics Publishers, 2010)
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    LAMENTING THE DEAD: WOMEN'S PERFORMANCE OF GRIEF IN LATE IMPERIAL CHINA
    McLaren, AE ; Fong, GS ; Widmer, E (E J BRILL, 2010)