Microbiology & Immunology - Research Publications

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Author: Allen, Lilith × Author: Chua, Brendon × Author: Kedzierska, Katherine × Author: Kedzierski, Lukasz × Type: Preprint ×

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    Integrated immune networks in SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnant women reveal differential NK cell and unconventional T cell activation
    Kedzierska, K ; Habel, J ; Chua, B ; Kedzierski, L ; Selva, K ; Damelang, T ; Haycroft, E ; Nguyen, T ; Koay, H-F ; Nicholson, S ; McQuilten, H ; Jia, X ; Allen, L ; Hensen, L ; Zhang, W ; de Sandt, CV ; Neil, J ; Amanat, F ; Krammer, F ; Wragg, K ; Juno, J ; Wheatley, A ; Tan, H-X ; Pell, G ; Audsley, J ; Thevarajan, I ; Denholm, J ; Subbarao, K ; Godfrey, D ; Cheng, A ; Tong, S ; Bond, K ; Williamson, D ; James, F ; Holmes, N ; Smibert, O ; Trubiona, J ; Gordon, C ; Chung, A ; Whitehead, C ; Kent, S ; Lappas, M ; Rowntree, L ( 2021)
    Although pregnancy poses a greater risk for severe COVID-19, the underlying immunological changes associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy are poorly understood. We defined immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in pregnant and non-pregnant women during acute and convalescent COVID-19 up to 258 days post symptom onset, quantifying 217 immunological parameters. Additionally, matched maternal and cord blood were collected from COVID-19 convalescent pregnancies. Although serological responses to SARS-CoV-2 were similar in pregnant and non-pregnant women, cellular immune analyses revealed marked differences in key NK cell and unconventional T cell responses during COVID-19 in pregnant women. While NK, γδ T cells and MAIT cells displayed pre-activated phenotypes in healthy pregnant women when compared to non-pregnant age-matched women, activation profiles of these pre-activated NK and unconventional T cells remained unchanged at acute and convalescent COVID-19 in pregnancy. Conversely, activation dynamics of NK and unconventional T cells were prototypical in non-pregnant women in COVID-19. In contrast, activation of αβ CD4 + and CD8 + T cells, T follicular helper cells and antibody-secreting cells was similar in pregnant and non-pregnant women with COVID-19. Elevated levels of IL-1β, IFN-γ, IL-8, IL-18 and IL-33 were also found in pregnant women in their healthy state, and these cytokine levels remained elevated during acute and convalescent COVID-19. Collectively, our study provides the first comprehensive map of longitudinal immunological responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women, providing insights into patient management and education during COVID-19 pregnancy.