This thesis examines developmental trends in the orthographic processing of words. Research indicates that the ability to recognise words quickly and effortlessly is critical to reading achievement in the early years of schooling. Some researchers claim that failure to acquire rapid, context-free word recognition appears to be the most reliable indicator of reading disability. This study investigates two aspects of orthographic processing of one syllable words. Firstly, the frequency of the orthographic processing, and secondly, variables which may influence orthographic processing such as reader and word structure properties. The implications of the findings and the role of the teacher in providing suitable programs are discussed. Suggestions for strategies and activities which support and develop orthographic knowledge are presented.