Melbourne Graduate School of Education - Theses
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ItemThe impact of the zone based professional development program, "Skill review and professional development", on knowledge, understanding and practice within selected school communities( 1995)While engaged in documenting a retrospective account of a zone based professional development program, Skill Review and Professional Development, which aimed to support school communities in the implementation of skill review and professional development according to the Tripartite Agreement on School Development Planning, I reflected on a statement by Harwayne (1992): 'We take courses. We attend workshops. We read books, We get lots of information. But the really important information comes later on. It comes when we take that seed information back to our classrooms, when we experiment and innovate and invent, when we make it our own. The story really is 'to be continued' (p.337 ). This reflection led to the following questions which drove my investigation: # has the 'seed information' collected during the program been taken back to the school level?; # have school communities been able to 'experiment', 'innovate' and 'invent' in order to make skill review and professional development their own?; and, # in what areas has the zone based professional development program, Skill Review and Professional Development, impacted at the school level? The information gathered to discover the answers to these questions was qualitative in nature and comes from those involved directly with the delivery and implementation of the program. The information draws on what happened at the zone level and what is now happening at the school level. The gathered data took the form of words: written and anecdotal; record and document observations; and transcripts of discussions and interviews, as words captured the spirit of the happenings. The writings of Joyce and Showers (1987), Joyce and Weil (1992), Fullan and Stiegelbauer (1991), Hargreaves (1992), Fullan (1993), Johnson (1993), Guskey (1994) and others have helped make sense of the impact of this program at the school level.
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ItemSchool evaluation practice in Japan : case studies of four public schools in Hiroshima( 2006)This thesis analyses and discusses recent developments in the practice of school evaluation in Japan. Such an investigation was considered to be valuable because there appeared to be little research that had elucidated how Japanese schools actually set about self-evaluation. Therefore, this thesis aimed to identify ways in which school evaluation occurs and how it can be embedded in Japanese public schools. To achieve this aim, four questions were posed to find out: (a) how evaluations are carried out in Japanese schools, specifically in the Hiroshima Prefecture; (b) how such school evaluation contributes towards school improvement; (c) what constitutes 'best evaluation practice' in the Japanese school context; and (d) how other Japanese schools can be assisted to introduce best evaluation practice. To find answers to these questions, a qualitative case study approach was used and data were collected from four Japanese public schools (two primary and two middle schools) in Hiroshima City. The four case schools were selected because they had previously participated in a pilot project of school evaluation and, therefore, were considered to be exemplary. Other information was obtained from a local education board and an educational training centre. Findings from the data analysis demonstrated that: 1. School evaluation in Hiroshima involved a form of Action Research and comprised both school-self evaluation and external evaluation; 2. Positive impacts on teachers from the evaluation experience (both individually and collectively) were considered to contribute towards an evolving process that could eventually lead to overall improvements in the quality of school education in the Prefecture; and 3. 'Best evaluation practice' in the Japanese school context comprised: (1) Systematic planning and implementation of the evaluation; (2) A clear vision and relevant goals set by school principals in relation to all school activities; (3) Involvement of all school staff in undertaking evaluation tasks; (4) School evaluation models that were instigated by schools, rather than imposed by those outside the school; (5) The prioritisation of school goals and improvement strategies; and (6) Teachers who were motivated regarding improvement. It was also suggested that there was a particular local educational culture underlying the embedding of school evaluation in Hiroshima. Such a context was regarded as one of the enabling conditions related to the advancement of school evaluation in the Prefecture. Based on these findings, the research produced some useful lessons regarding how to introduce successful evaluation so that other Japanese schools might be encouraged to evaluate their own practices.
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ItemThe impact of year twelve restructuring in Victoria on teaching and learning in three urban schools( 1995)In this study Year Twelve teachers were surveyed to determine whether they believed the educational needs of their Year Twelve students were better served by the earlier public policy of multiple Year Twelve courses, or by the current policy of a common course and certificate for all Year Twelve students in Victoria. The study was based on the experience of eighteen teachers in three schools which had developed strong alternative Year Twelve courses in the 1980s. An attempt is not made in this thesis to construct public policy, but rather to offer a critique of policy formation which appears to have been largely separated from socially responsive policy development at the school level. The Year Twelve teachers surveyed in this study believed that the final form of the Victorian Certificate of Education, settled under the influence of social functionalism, individualism and expertism, has failed to enhance motivation, commitment or competence in either themselves or their students.
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ItemLeadership frames and principals' learning( 1995)This thesis forms part of the Review of the Schools of the Future "Leading Victoria's Schools of the Future" undertaken by the University of Melbourne - Institute of Education, in conjunction with the Directorate of School Education and Principal Associations. The Schools of the Future program was initiated by the newly elected Victorian Liberal Government in 1993. It involves the devolution of authority and responsibility to the local school level and a decrease in the central role of the DSE. The scope of change has required a staged introduction process and extensive professional development activities. The implementation process has resulted in 500 schools joining the SOTF program every six months with the process being completed by the end of 1995. This thesis was designed to provide a review of the professional development activities associated with the implementation of the SOTF program. It uses the Bolman and Deal (1991) framework of organisational theory, as adapted by Cheng (1993) to analyse the leadership orientations of principals and their past, present and future professional development needs. The framework provides five areas - structural, human resource, symbolic, political and Sergiovanni's (1984) educational frames. Both a quantitative and qualitative methodology was used. A survey was sent to eighty principals randomly selected from Intake Three of SOTF. The results to the survey provided the frame orientations of principals as well as data on the four most significant professional development activities undertaken in the last five years. An analysis of the data provided information which enabled the selection of two principals for interviewing at the Intake and Implementation stage of the SOTF program. The data are reported as survey and interview results. The qualitative work - based on Miles and Huberman (1984) relied on data reduction, data display, data collection, involving counting and noting patterns and themes, and conclusions drawing and verification methods. The findings clearly indicate that principals of SOTF have strong human resource and educational frames. However, there is need to provide professional development activities in the symbolic and political frame areas as these frames are strong indicators of leader effectiveness but are the least preferred frames by principals. The principals found that the collegiate group provided significant support during the charter writing stage and in some instances, beyond. Professional development activities need to be provided during the implementation stage of the SOTF program. The data suggests that there is an urgent need for the DSE to present a strategic plan of the direction of education and to slow down the rate of change so that schools at the local level can address their needs.