Melbourne Graduate School of Education - Theses

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    Influences at work on the shaping of a Catholic girls' secondary school
    Watson, D. E ( 1989)
    1988 is the twenty-fifth year of the existence of Ave Maria College, a girls' Catholic secondary school at West Essendon, established in 1963 by the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary. This thesis endeavours to trace the forces which shaped it - the sociological, religious, political and economic forces which influenced its growth. It examines the background and development of the College under the guidance of the Franciscan Missionaries of Mary, the handing over of the College to the the Catholic Education Office on the departure of the sisters in 1975, the subsequent administration by an Interim Board of Management and its eventual development as an autonomous College within the Catholic Education system, and the laitization of the College which is a feature of many Catholic secondary schools of the 1980's.
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    "Learning to be a good woman" : post-primary education for girls in Victorian state schools, 1900-1939
    Thomas, Susan E ( 1987)
    The analysis of the development of State post-primary schooling is based on an understanding of the role of class and gender in order to investigate the philosophy, policies and pragmatic decisions which influenced the establishment of schools for girls, 1900 to 1939. An increasing awareness of the importance of gender characterised the development of State post-primary schools in Victoria in this period, partly as a result of a widespread acceptance that schooling did not cater sufficiently for gender differences. This thesis contends that the concept of work accepted by the society was class based and within this division, gender based. Implicitly and explicitly the role of wife and mother was eulogized as the most fitting vocation for all women and used as a justification for advocating an education for girls based on the acquisition of domestic skills. This thesis describes the development of post-primary schools for girls, the concentration on training in domestic skills and the development of a philosophy of education specifically designed to produce a 'good woman'. Domestic arts schools and technical schools, designed especially for working class girls, and the role of these schools in maintaining the gender division of labour, are discussed. The thesis also analyses the introduction of single sex high schools and the lack of resources devoted to girls. The 1930s and the economic forces that affected the education of most working class and lower middle class children, but especially girls, is discussed. Schools were affected by wider social tensions, but were used as tools to influence the direction girls would take on leaving school and were caught in the struggle to define and produce successive generations of 'good women'.
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    Donald Clark : the first chief inspector of technical schools
    Whiteley, Robin H ( 1980)
    Australia is a country which has always honored its pioneers. Our history, both written and oral, is suffused with images of stubborn battle against seemingly overwhelming forces of finance, economy, climate, and society. Our cities and towns are dotted with monuments proclaiming the strength of those who fought and won the battles. Donald Clark was Victoria's foremost pioneer of technical education. His life was an unending battle to make society realise the importance of technical education. His monument is the technical education system in Victoria, the schools and colleges that even today are organised along lines he established and according to a philosophy he propounded. What kind of man leaves such a monument behind him? This thesis will attempt to examine the development of Clark's beliefs and attitudes and will tell the story of the battles he fought in his lifelong effort to build in Victoria a system of technical education of value to the people, the State, and the world.
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    Toorak College, 1874-1958 : the survival of a girls' private school in Victorian society
    Robinson, Jeffrey Travers ( 1986)
    As one of the oldest of Victoria's privately-owned girls' schools, Toorak College illustrates the influence of the principal in cultivating a clientele whose interests the activities of the school reflected and by whose support its survival was determined. Independent of church or corporation, Toorak College began in 1874 as a boys' school in Douglas Street, Toorak, and was converted to a girls' school in 1897. By 1919, transferred to a gracious building set in expansive formal gardens on the highest point of Glenferrie Road, Malvern, Toorak College presented to the public the appearance of a flourishing school. Ever sensitive to the expectations of a clientele that valued the practices of English education, its principals introduced practical subjects as advocated by Michael Sadler and critically considered the principles of the New Education Fellowship and the Dalton Plan. With the depression, 1929 - 34, and the war, 1939 - 45, the college, whose ownership had been transferred from its principal to a private company in 1927, entered a period of uncertainty. After eighteen months in uncomfortable temporary quarters, the school was transferred to a site on the Mornington Peninsula. The Company's financial resources were strained by the purchase of two properties and the remoteness of Frankston made the attraction and retention of competent staff difficult. By 1932, with its enrolment severely reduced, the college might have closed but for the efforts, little short of heroic, of the Directors and the Misses Hamilton. Gradually the school recovered, supported by a loyal constituency united by appeals to the school's longevity, the product of a fabricated claim of a foundation in 1854. Indeed, the ability of the principal to establish the solid standing of the school in the public esteem has been of greater importance in ensuring Toorak College's continuation than have its fine buildings or a curriculum in which serious scholastic studies were advanced at the expense of a training in the social accomplishments.
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    The survival of the Victorian high school, 1929-1939
    McNicol, Rodney James ( 1981)
    The Victorian high school has managed to survive in spite of itself. In a sense it was very nearly still born. The legislative authority allowing it to exist was riddled with restriction on its development; it was demanded that its curriculum serve the vocational requirements of the State and its geographic dispersion favour both rural interests and the independent school system. As a vehicle for the promotion of mass secondary education it was ill conceived and poorly designed. The emergence of the Great Depression found the future of the school in doubt. Departmental plans aimed at restructuring the school in accordance with the English pattern of Modern and Grammar Schools were reaching fruition while the worsening economic climate was acting to affirm the conviction of those who believed that post-primary education was a privilege to be bestowed on the few who could benefit. Throughout the decade Victorian high schools struggled to justify their right to exist. Their capacity, how-ever limited, to foster social mobility came into conflict with an established meritocratic model of social improvement in which only the recognisable and socially approved ability of individuals warranted rewarding. The right of the schools to nurture ability and the right of those within them to choose their own careers within an accessible system of subsidised State secondary education had to be won from the disciples of parsimony and the guardians of social order. Successive reductions in Government funding acted to increase the costs imposed on local school communities. As a result their commitment to their local high school was tested and their assessment of the worth of a high school education became a matter of constant review.
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    Revision of the State primary school curriculum in Victoria, 1928-34: its social and educational context
    Kimber, R. F. ( 1981)
    In the years 1928-34, educational leaders in Victoria worked towards a comprehensive revision of the State elementary school curriculum, a process which culminated in the publication of the General Course of Study for Elementary Schools, 1934. During these years the concept of curriculum expanded. It came to include not only the content of the printed courses of study, but also expressions of belief regarding the place of the school in society, ideas related to child development and learning theory, and to the everyday events and activities which took place in schools. Educationists saw in Australia's response to World War I, her commitment to the concept of Empire, and the increase in Australian nationalistic feeling, a set of social factors which helped shape the view that the school should promote the ideal of social unification. Never precisely defined, social unification was seen to involve the production of intelligent citizens who could assist the development of a better society. Education was thus seen to be a major vehicle for instilling the "spirit of service" within children. Educationists devoted increasing attention to an identification of societal changes as they perceived them. Further, they sought to define the implications of these changes for the elementary school curriculum. The depression of the early 1930's reinforced the view that the school and its curriculum should provide pupils with the means to affect the future of society. The concept of democracy, too, was an important factor contributing to an expanded view of curriculum. Closely associated with democracy were the notions of individuality and socialisation, each of which was seen to be an important aim of educational endeavour. Despite problems of definition, the concept of democracy bolstered the view that the school and therefore its curriculum should be a means of social unification. Perceptions of the prevailing social situation inevitably led to an identification of the shortcomings of present educational theory and practice. An increasing number of Victorian educationists took the opportunity to experience, at first-hand, educational practice in the U.S.A. and Europe, with the result that access to the writings and ideas of overseas educationists was facilitated, and that the eclectic approach which typified Victorian educational developments was enhanced. A comprehensive, yet ambiguous set of aims for the Victorian elementary school was stated. It reflected the view that the school was an important socialising agent within society. Further, a set of principles for curriculum revision was identified. Derived from the English Hadow Report, it indicated the growing awareness that the discipline of psychology was crucial for the design of an appropriate curriculum for Victoria's school children. Despite the fact that an expanded view of the curriculum had emerged, imprecision of language, incomplete understandings and misinterpretations of ideas or practice led to conflicting ideas and ambiguity. In addition, within Victoria's centralised education system, there were a number of constraints which affected the outcomes of the curriculum revision movement. The 1934 Course of Study reflected these constraints. It nevertheless did indicate that significant advances in educational thought had taken place.
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    A comparative study of ten Victorian Protestant girls' school histories 1875 to 1920
    Johnston, Carol ( 1985)
    In recent years a number of histories of independent girls' schools have been published and it now seems an appropriate time to draw together some aspects of this history. This thesis will trace some of the common features of these histories with a view to explaining the changes in the development of female education in Victoria during the period 1875 to 1920.(From Introduction)
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    A history of the psychology, guidance and welfare work of Counselling, Guidance & Clinical Services (formerly the Psychology Branch and the Psychology & Guidance Branch) 1947-1985
    Jacobs, Ann ( 1986)
    The development of the school psychology, guidance and welfare work of Counselling, Guidance and Clinical Services (formerly the Psychology Branch, then-the-Psychology and-Guidance Branch) 1947-1985 is presented. Archival material and interviews with former administrators provided the sources of the finding. On the whole, the services developed in the manner described in the literature on this topic. The very early work was in the traditional mode: psychometric, direct services to children. Subsequently, the range extended to include the four levels of intervention discussed by Joel Meyers (1973): direct services to children, indirect services to children, direct services to teachers and services to the school as a system. In addition, services to the Department/Ministry of Education and to the community of which the school is a part were provided. Some research was conducted and liaison with tertiary institutions and professional bodies was emphasized. The extension of the range of services appears to have been an appropriate response to the increasing demands on the psychology, guidance and welfare staff. Current developments in Victorian education suggest that, while all levels of intervention will be required, much attention should be given to services to the school system and to the community of which the school is a part. Services at the systems level, however, will continue to be geared to facilitating the optimal development of the individual child in the system. Suggestions for further research are made.
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    Social studies in Victorian technical schools, 1938-1974
    Edwards, Kenneth J. ( 1987)
    This thesis investigates the changes which have occurred in social studies in Victorian Technical Schools from 1938 to 1974. Social studies first appeared in Victoria when it was introduced into Preston Technical School during 1938. By the early 1940s social studies was starting to replace history and geography in most Victorian Technical Schools. Its status was low, and its course of study was usually reserved for those technical students who were labelled as under-achievers who would probably not progress beyond forms 3 or 4. The boys were relegated into the trades, while the girls headed for domestic courses. The teaching of social studies during the 1950s was undertaken by many teachers who had escaped from teaching subjects traditionally associated with an academic discipline, and by teachers who were unqualified. This situation remained virtually unchanged up until 1967. The whole "aura" of social studies and its curriculum went through something of a renaissance, which had its birth in 1967 at Burwood, Victoria, at the U.N.E.S.C.O. Seminar on the "Teaching of the Social Sciences at the Secondary Level". Immediately following the Burwood Seminar, the Victorian Advisory Committee on the Teaching of Social Science in Secondary Schools was established. In 1968 the Technical Schools Division set up a Standing Committee on Technical Schools Social Studies (SCOTSSS), and in the same year curricula autonomy was devolved, and the Director-General of Education in Victoria gave all schools in the state the right to determine their own curriculum. The Victorian Secondary Social Science Project (SSSP) was established in 1971 under the jurisdiction of the Victorian Advisory Committee, while the National Committee on Social Science Teaching (NCSST) held its first meeting in November 1971. In 1972 the Victorian Association of Social Studies Teachers (VASST) created a regular journal, Study of Society. Other key factors which have helped in the development of social studies have been the direct financial assistance from federal sources, overseas influence on social studies/ science teaching, a. rapid upsurge of student teachers completing social studies method courses, and a unique body of curriculum personnel working outside the Education Department. All of the above factors were instrumental in the re-birth of the subject of social studies in Victoria's Technical Schools since 1967.
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    An Irish mission to the Antipodes: the Brigidine Order and its establishment in Beechworth
    Bruce, David A. ( 1988)
    The Brigidine Order was founded by Dr. Daniel Delany in Ireland in 1807 under circumstances which helped it develop distinctive features in its attitude to social and educational mission. In 1886 four Sisters established a community in Beechworth. The thesis is concerned with the way in which the Order developed, the evolution of its particular brand of pedagogy and the circumstances under which it came to a provincial town in northern Victoria.