Melbourne School of Population and Global Health - Research Publications
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ItemNo Preview AvailableGlobal Data Access for Solving Rare Disease, A Health Economics Value Framework.(World Economic Forum, 2020-02-03)Rare diseases have been an increasing area of focus as three waves have converged in recent years: the continuing innovation stemming from the genomic revolution, the regulatory financial incentives put in place by the US government for rare-disease therapies, and the increasingly mobilized, coordinated and sophisticated patient community. However, the very nature of rare diseases calls for scientific and societal collaboration on an unprecedented scale. Federated data systems are one such example of this scale. A federated data system is a type of meta-database made up of constituent databases that are transparently interconnected, but not merged – an important point for security and privacy concerns. The result is a robust and well-annotated dataset that in the case of rare diseases can be contributed to and queried by different countries to enable global and country-specific solutions to diagnosis, treatment, patient trial recruitment, and management. The development and maintenance of federated data systems is one of the many investments countries could make in the name of scientific collaboration – but is it the right one? This paper reviews the “known knowns and known unknowns” of a federated data system solution to the unmet needs of people living with rare diseases. Ultimately, investment will be required to confirm and test the value propositions put forth in this paper. Our aim is to enumerate these value propositions along the lines of diagnostic benefit, clinical benefit, clinical trial benefit and personal benefit to individuals living with a rare disease. This will help collaborating nations to understand whether federated data systems are a best-fit solution to the global challenges inherent in rare-disease diagnosis and treatment plans.
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ItemSocioeconomic status and health: a new approach to the measurement of bivariate inequality(University of Antwerp, 2015)We suggest an alternative way to construct a family of indices of socioeconomic inequality of health. Our indices belong to the broad category of linear indices. In contrast to rank-dependent indices, which are defined in terms of the ranks of the socioeconomic variable and the levels of the health variable, our indices are based on the levels of both the socioeconomic and the health variable. We also indicate how the indices can be modified in order to introduce sensitivity to inequality in the socioeconomic distribution and to inequality in the health distribution. As an empirical illustration, we make a comparative study of the relation between income and well-being in 16 European countries using data from SHARE Wave 4.
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ItemFuture Proofing Schools The Phase 3 Research Reflections(Faculty of Architecture Building and Planning, University of Melbourne, 2012)Now we are in the final year of our three year research project Future Proofing Schools, it is timely to reflect on our research journey. An innovation in the design of this research has been the inclusion of an Ideas Competition midway through a three phase research process, a decision that has effectively geared the research and its impact in a range of ways. Phase 3 has been a period of analysis and reflection on all these issues. This publication is divided into themes that range from competition analyses and reflections on our own brief, through to observations on remote community challenges and the future of Australia’s prefabrication industry. Our twelve authors contribute a range of viewpoints from their respective disciplines, and highlight the complexity of the research area we are exploring.
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ItemShading Liveable Cities: exploring the ecological, financial and regulatory dimensions of the urban tree canopy(School of Geography, University of Melbourne, 2015)