Infrastructure Engineering - Research Publications

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Author: Rajabifard, Abbas × Author: Kalantari Soltanieh, Saeid × Author: Atazadeh, Behnam ×

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 19
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    Managing underground legal boundaries in 3D-extending the CityGML standard
    Saeidian, B ; Rajabifard, A ; Atazadeh, B ; Kalantari, M (KEAI PUBLISHING LTD, 2024-02)
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    A semantic 3D city model for underground land administration: Development and implementation of an ADE for CityGML 3.0
    Saeidian, B ; Rajabifard, A ; Atazadeh, B ; Kalantari, M (PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2023-10)
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    Managing underground legal boundaries in 3D - Extending the CityGML standard
    Saeidian, B ; Rajabifard, A ; Atazadeh, B ; Kalantari, M (Elsevier BV, 2023-08)
    Legal boundaries are used for delineating the spatial extent of ownership property’s spaces. In underground environments, these boundaries are defined by referencing physical objects, surveying measurements, or projections. However, there is a gap in connecting and managing these boundaries and underground legal spaces, due to a lack of data model. A 3D data model supporting underground land administration (ULA) should define and model these boundaries and the relationships between them and underground ownership spaces. Prominent 3D data models can be enriched to model underground legal boundaries. This research aims to propose a new taxonomy of underground legal boundaries and model them by extending CityGML, which is a widely used 3D data model in the geospatial science domain. We developed, implemented, and tested the model for different types of underground legal boundaries. The implemented prototype showcased the potential benefits of CityGML for managing underground legal boundaries in 3D. The proposed 3D underground model can be used to address current challenges associated with communicating and managing legal boundaries in underground environments. While this data model was specifically developed for Victoria, Australia, the proposed model and approach can be used and replicated in other jurisdictions by adjusting the data requirements for underground legal boundaries.
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    Modelling underground cadastral survey data in CityGML
    Saeidian, B ; Rajabifard, A ; Atazadeh, B ; Kalantari, M (Wiley, 2023)
    In underground environments, survey elements such as survey points and observations provide the information required to define legal boundaries. These elements are also used to connect underground legal spaces to a geodetic survey network. Due to the issues of current 2D approaches for managing underground cadastral data, prominent 3D data models have been extended to support underground land administration. However, previous studies mostly focused on defining underground legal spaces and boundaries, with less emphasis on survey elements. This research aims to extend CityGML to support underground cadastral survey data. The proposed extension is based on the survey elements elicited from underground cadastral plans, which is then implemented for an underground case study area in Melbourne, Australia. This extension integrates underground survey data with legal and physical data in a 3D digital environment and provides an improved representation of survey elements, facilitating the management and communication of underground cadastral survey data.
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    EXTENDING CITYGML 3.0 TO SUPPORT 3D UNDERGROUND LAND ADMINISTRATION
    Saeidian, B ; Rajabifard, A ; Atazadeh, B ; Kalantari, M ; Aleksandrov, M ; Barton, J ; Zlatanova, S (COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH, 2022)
    Abstract. Rapid development of underground space necessitates the efficient management of underground areas. Data modelling plays an underpinning role in integrating and managing underground physical and legal data. The physical data refers to semantic and spatial data of underground assets such as utilities, tunnels, and basements, while the legal data comprises the ownership information and the extent of underground legal spaces and the semantic and spatial relationships between legal spaces. Current Underground Land Administration (ULA) practices mainly focus on representing only either legal spaces or the physical reality of subsurface objects using fragmented and isolated 2D drawings, leading to ineffective ULA. A complete and accurate 3D representation of underground legal spaces integrated with the 3D model of their physical counterparts can support different use cases of ULA beyond underground land registration, such as planning, design and construction of underground assets (e.g. tunnels and train stations), utility management and excavation. CityGML is a prominent semantic data model to represent 3D urban objects at a city scale, making it a good choice for underground because underground assets such as tunnels and utilities are often modelled at city scales. However, CityGML, in its current version, does not support legal information. This research aims to develop an Application Domain Extension (ADE) for CityGML to support 3D ULA based on the requirements defined in the Victorian state of Australia. These requirements include primary underground parcels and secondary underground interests. This work extends CityGML 3.0, which is the new version of this model. In CityGML 3.0, UML conceptual models as platform-independent models are suggested to express ADEs. Thus, the ADE proposed in this study will be based on UML. The findings of this study show that extending CityGML to support legal information can be a viable solution to meet the requirements of a 3D integrated model for ULA. The CityGML ADE proposed in this study can potentially provide a new solution for 3D digital management of underground ownership rights in Victoria, and it can be used to implement an integrated 3D digital data environment for ULA.
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    A BIM-based framework for property dispute minimization - A case study for Victoria, Australia
    Shin, J ; Rajabifard, A ; Kalantari, M ; Atazadeh, B (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2022-08)
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    Data lifecycle of underground land administration: a systematic literature review
    Saeidian, B ; Rajabifard, A ; Atazadeh, B ; Kalantari, M (Taylor and Francis Group, 2022)
    Underground Land Administration (ULA) plays a paramount role in recording, registering and managing underground ownership boundaries and rights, restrictions and responsibilities associated with underground assets. 3D digital models provide a great potential to modernise ULA as it is evident in research studies. Several steps, from data acquisition to the use of underground land data have been considered by studies to support 3D ULA. These steps form the ULA data lifecycle. This paper provides an overview of methods, techniques and tools used in different steps of the ULA data lifecycle and identifies research gaps, challenges, and potential opportunities for future studies.
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    Underground Land Administration from 2D to 3D: Critical Challenges and Future Research Directions
    Saeidian, B ; Rajabifard, A ; Atazadeh, B ; Kalantari, M (MDPI, 2021-10)
    The development and use of underground space is a necessity for most cities in response to rapid urbanisation. Effective underground land administration is critical for sustainable urban development. From a land administration perspective, the ownership extent of underground assets is essential for planning and managing underground areas. In some jurisdictions, physical structures (e.g., walls, ceilings, and utilities) are also necessary to delineate the ownership extent of underground assets. The current practice of underground land administration focuses on the ownership of underground space and mostly relies on 2D survey plans. This inefficient and fragmented 2D-based underground data management and communication results in several issues including boundary disputes, underground strikes, delays and disruptions in projects, economic losses, and urban planning issues. This study provides a review of underground land administration from three common aspects: legal, institutional, and technical. A range of important challenges have been identified based on the current research and practice. To address these challenges, the authors of this study propose a new framework for 3D underground land administration. The proposed framework outlines the future research directions to upgrade underground land administration using integrated 3D digital approaches.
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    Identification of Property Boundaries Using an IFC-Based Cadastral Database
    Barzegar, M ; Rajabifard, A ; Kalantari, M ; Atazadeh, B (MDPI, 2021-03)
    Property boundaries have a significant importance in cadaster as they define the legal extent of the ownership rights. Among 3D data models, Industry Foundation Class (IFC) provides the potential capabilities for modelling property boundaries in a 3D environment. In some jurisdictions, such as Victoria, Australia, some property boundaries are assigned to the faces of building elements which are modelled as solids in IFC. In order to retrieve these property boundaries, boundary identification analysis should be performed, and faces of building elements should be extracted. However, extracting faces of solids from an IFC file is not possible as faces of solids are not considered as a separate object-type. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a spatial query approach for the identification of property boundaries using 3D spatial operators of a database to address this problem. The viability of the developed approach is tested using an IFC-based 3D cadastral database with two real datasets and one test dataset. The proposed methodology not only supports vertical walls and horizontal roofs but can also be used for detecting boundaries in properties surrounded by complex building structures such as oblique and curved walls and roofs.
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    Applying BIM to support dispute avoidance in managing multi-owned buildings
    Shin, J ; Rajabifard, A ; Kalantari, M ; Atazadeh, B (Elsevier, 2020-12-01)
    With the growth of high-density living, disputes experienced by residents in multi-owned buildings (MOBs) have become an ongoing challenge in urban areas. A significant number of the disputations have found their root cause in the issues concerning improper use and management of MOBs by residents. It stems from their inaccurate understanding of ownership rights that are inherently 3D but using 2D cadastral survey plans, authoritative documents of ownership. This research explores the ability of building information modeling (BIM) to address required information for improving the perception of ownership rights that affect resident behaviors in managing MOBs. An open data model of BIM is extended to accommodate the necessary information for preventing resident misbehaviors that led to dispute cases in Victoria state, Australia. In this study, we implement BIM data of an MOB where a real dispute happened to demonstrate the validity of the enriched data model on the information delivery and an enhanced understanding of ownership rights. It is confirmed that the use of BIM facilitates the alleviation of the misbehaviors by informing residents with accurate communication of ownership rights and could support the avoidance of disputes in MOBs.