Infrastructure Engineering - Research Publications
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ItemAssessment of error in digital vector data using fractal geometry(Taylor & Francis, 2000)This paper presents a new method for assessment of error in digital vector geographic data, where the features represented can be modelled closely by fractal geometry. Using example hydrological data from Ordnance Survey of Great Britain maps at a range of scales, a resolution smaller than which the digital representation of the feature does not exhibit fractal characteristics can be calculated. It is proposed that this resolution reflects the minimum ground resolution of the map, which in turn can be related to the source map scale.
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ItemSpatial data quality capture through inductive learning(Springer Verlag (Germany), 2000)The relatively weak uptake of spatial error handling capabilities by commercial GIS companies and users can in part be attributed to the relatively low availability and high costs of spatial data quality information. Based on the well established artificial intelligence technique of induction, this paper charts the development of an automated quality capture tool. By learning from example, the tool makes very efficient use of scarce spatial data quality information, so helping to minimise the cost and maximise availability of data quality. The example application of the tool to a telecommunications legacy data capture project indicates the practicality and potential value of the approach.
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ItemA formal approach to imperfection in geographic information(Elsevier, 2001)Traditional computational models of geographic phenomena offer no room for imperfection. Underlying this tradition is the simplifying assumption that reality is certain, crisp, unambiguous, independent of context, and capable of quantitative representation. This paper reports on initial work which explicitly recognises that most geographic information is intrinsically imperfect. Based on an ontology of imperfection the paper explores a formal model of imperfect geographic information using multi-valued logic. The development of Java software able to assist with a geodemographic retail site assessment application is used to illustrate the utility of a formal approach.
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ItemAn algebraic approach to automated information fusion(Taylor & Francis, 2005)This paper presents a new technique for information fusion. Unlike most previous work on information fusion, this paper explores the use of instance-level (extensional) information within the fusion process. This paper proposes an algorithm that can be used automatically to infer the schema-level structure necessary for information fusion from instance-level information. The approach is illustrated using the example of geospatial land cover data. The method is then extended to operate under uncertainty, such as in cases where the data is inaccurate or imprecise. The paper describes the implementation of the fusion method within a software prototype. Finally, the paper discusses several key topics for future research, including applications of this work to spatial data mining and the semantic web.
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ItemThe role [of] cadastral data modelling in e-land administration(Centre of Geo-Information Technologies (cGIT), 2005)Enablement of land administration with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is heading toward e-Land Administration (e-LA): the transformation of land administration through the use of ICT. Existing initiatives include providing land information on line, electronic conveyancing, digital lodgement of survey plans, and online access to survey plan information. Thus far, implementation of these initiatives is isolated in their specific subsystems without reference to the broader land administration system or its core policy function of supporting sustainable development. One solution to isolation is to develop effective communication among the different land administration subsystems by harmonising data and functionalities, so they are capable of being used by all subsystems. The key to harmonisation is data modelling which both recognizes and reengineers existing business processes. Modelling allows every single process in land administration to influence the cadastral data model and vice versa. This paper describes the importance of cadastral data modelling in data management as well as coordination among subsystems in an e-LA.
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ItemDeveloping a platform to facilitate sharing spatial data(Centre of Geo-Information Technologies (cGIT)., 2005)Users of positioning and spatial information services and tools require precise spatial information in real-time and real-world objects. Simply an accurate positioning of a future subdivision is no longer accepted by users, they require it to be visualized as well, in order to take into account outside influences. The capacity to meet such user needs and deliver services and tools within the spatial information market has gone well beyond the ability of single organisations (Rajabifard, et al, 2005a). There is now a wide range of products and services available for a wide range of information technology applications, and hence the development of an enabling platform can facilitate access to data and sharing resources and tools among different practitioners. The creation of an enabling platform for the delivery of these tools and positioning applications will allow users from diverse backgrounds to work together with current technologies to meet the dynamic market place. Up until now, individual jurisdictions within Australia for example have started utilizing different platforms in attempting to create mechanisms for accessing and delivering spatial data and associated applications and tools in a coordinated fashion. This has been done through the use of hierarchies of information, where jurisdictions utilize information both by those within a jurisdictional level as well as those at a higher or lower jurisdictional level. The benefits of this sharing of information have been documented, however they do not necessarily break down the barriers between jurisdictions. Just because different information can be gained about Victorian state for example from different jurisdictional levels, does not mean that the information will necessarily be compatible (it may not be of the same accuracy or have the same specifications, utilize the same symbology, etc) (Rajabifard, et al, 2005b). There is now a need to create a common rail gauge within Australia to aid in implementing initiatives which solve cross jurisdictional and national issues. In order to meet this need, there is a requirement for an enabling platform.
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ItemHierarchical spatial reasoning applied to spatial data infrastructures( 2000)Many countries throughout the world believe they can benefit both economically and environmentallyfrom better management of their spatial data assets, enabling them to access and retrieve complete andconsistent datasets in an easy and secure way. This has resulted in the development of the Spatial DataInfrastructure (SDI) concept at various political and/or administrative levels. The SDI concept has beenrepresented by different descriptions of its nature, however, currently these demonstrate an overlysimplisticunderstanding of the concept.The simplicity in existing definitions has been slow to incorporate the concept of an integrated, multilevelledSDI formed from a hierarchy of inter-connected SDIs at corporate, local, state/provincial,national, regional (multi-national) and global (GSDI) levels. Failure to incorporate this multidimensionality,and the dynamic mechanistic and functional roles of the SDI, have rendered manydescriptions of SDI inadequate to describe the complexity and the dynamics of SDI as it develops, andthus ultimately constrain SDI achieving developmental potential in the future.As a result, the objective of this paper is to demonstrate the fitness and applicability of HierarchicalSpatial Reasoning (HSR) as a theoretical framework to demonstrate the multi-dimensional nature ofSDIs. It is argued that by better understanding and demonstrating the nature of an SDI hierarchy, anySDI development can gain support from a wider community of both government and non-governmentdata users and providers. The findings presented in this paper build on the authors' experiences inRegional SDI (multi-national) development and HSR.
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ItemLong term management of a corporate GIS(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2000)The GIS literature abounds with strategies to guide the development of a corporate GIS as a single project but lacks discussion on the long term management of the GIS. This paper documents a recent study into GIS development in a state department over an 18-year period. It applies the productional perspective of GIS to model long term GIS development diagrammatically and identifies five patterns of GIS development. The outcomes reveal some long term characteristics of a corporate GIS, based on which a three-stage approach is developed to guide the long term development of an ideal corporate GIS.
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ItemA new course producing professional surveyors and engineers for the land development industry( 2000)In 2000 a new combined course commenced at The University of Melbourne known as the Bachelor of Geomatics Engineering/Bachelor of Planning and Design (Property and Construction). The course, to be offered jointly between the Department of Geomatics in the Faculty of Engineering, and the Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, has been designed specifically to provide a comprehensive and integrated educational program that delivers professional engineers and surveyors to meet the future needs of the land development industry. In addition to taking geomatics subjects in the areas of measurement science, geographic information science and land administration, students enrolled in the BGeomE/BPD course will also take subjects in property development (including shopping and retailing), construction technology, construction management, construction law, accounting and development management.
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ItemIncremental update and upgrade of Spatial Data( 2000)This paper examines issues relating to the update and upgrade of the digital cadastral map. Of central interest is the transfer of incremental update and upgrade data from the custodian to the user and possible solutions for the associativity problem. The paper clearly differentiates between spatial update and upgrade and categorises three different methods for the transfer of incremental upgrade information. The impact on both the users and the custodian of the cadastral map are discussed in view of providing the most efficient and timely incremental upgrade information. A strategy that provides the maximum information to the users about the shift in the digital cadastral map and additional serves as input information for any adjustment procedures the user utilise to minimise the associativity problem. While this paper draws on the authors’ experience of maintenance of cadastral maps in the Australian states of Victoria and New South Wales and the German state of Berlin, the efficient delivery of updates and especially upgrades of the spatial cadastral data to users is of interest to users of spatial data.