Infrastructure Engineering - Research Publications
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ItemAssessing the worldwide comparison of cadastral systems(Elsevier, 2006)There is growing interest internationally in land administration and cadastral systems and especially in their role as part of a national Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). The important role the cadastre plays in supporting sustainable development is also well recognised. Both developed and developing countries accept the need to evaluate cadastral systems to help identify areas of improvement and whether their systems are capable of addressing future needs. Countries are continually re-engineering and implementing various aspects of the cadastre, comparing systems and trying to identify best practice within nations of the same socio-economic standing.In order to address this need, members of a team from the Centre for Spatial Data Infrastructures and Land Administration at the Department of Geomatics, the University of Melbourne, with the support of the United Nations Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia and the Pacific (PCGIAP) and the International Federation of Surveyors (FIG), have developed a cadastral template. The template aims to assist the evaluation and benchmarking of cadastral systems and the role they play in spatial data infrastructures.This paper aims to outline the concept and theory behind the cadastral template as well as analysing the results from 34 completed country templates. Several indicators have been used to analyse and benchmark countries cadastral systems, results of which will contribute to an improved understanding of the complex relationship between cadastral, land administration system and National SDI initiatives. This will also enable a worldwide comparison of cadastral systems, forming the basis for best practice and a tool to improve national cadastral systems.
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ItemA template for assessing worldwide cadastral systems as part of national SDI initiatives( 2006)Many countries over the past few years have spent considerable time and energy in attempting to compile descriptions and reports in the area of land administration, without giving much attention to the role of cadastral systems and national spatial data infrastructures within a land administration system. The Permanent Committee on GIS Infrastructure for Asia and the Pacific (PCGIAP) and the International Federation of Surveyors (FIG), together with the Centre for SDIs and Land Administration have attempted to address this through the creation of a joint cadastral template that has so far been filled out by 39 countries. The template collects descriptions of national cadastral systems as part of National Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) initiatives on a broad basis and the information is made publicly accessible on the web. The information can be used for comparing and assessing land administration and cadastral systems worldwide, in order to help countries re-engineer and implement their systems to address future needs. This paper aims to outline the concept and theory behind the development of the cadastral template and its relationship with National SDI initiatives and how it can help spatial information practitioners in improving and re-engineering their infrastructure and systems. Analysis of the data gathered from the completed templates is currently being undertaken with some overall results presented and future areas of work identified.
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ItemEvaluation of land administration systems( 2004)Currently there are no internationally accepted methodologies to evaluate and compare the performance of land administration systems. This is partly because land administration systems are in constant reform, and probably more importantly, they represent societies’ different perceptions of land. This paper describes the development of a framework to measure and compare the performance of land administration systems. The research is of particular relevance since it develops a management model which links the operational aspects of land administration with land policy.
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ItemA worldwide comparison of cadastral systems: cadastral template( 2004-05)While many country reports and descriptions have been compiled in the area of land administration over the last ten years, there has not much attention been given to the basic cadastral issues and the role of cadastres in national spatial data infrastructures. PCGIAP-Working Group 3 "Cadastre" together with FIG-Commission 7 "Cadastre and Land Management" has developed a joint cadastral template that has so far been filled out by 32 countries. This project is one of the first to collect descriptions of national cadastral systems on such a broad basis and to have them publicly accessible on the Internet.The PCGIAP-Working Group 3 "Cadastre" has two aims for the period 2002-2004. One is to facilitate a workshop for the development of an appropriate generic "cadastral template" for country profile analyses describing the status of national cadastres and land administration systems. The second aim is to facilitate discussion on marine cadastres. This article, however, will focus on the cadastral template.The workshop for the cadastral template has been held in July 2003 prior to the 16th UNRCC-AP and the 9th PCGIAP meeting in Okinawa, Japan and has been organized with the support of the Centre for Spatial Data Infrastructures and Land Administration from the Department of Geomatics of the University of Melbourne in Australia. The design of the cadastral template itself has been established in close collaboration with Commission 7 "Cadastre and Land Management" of the International Federation of Surveyors (FIG), which has extensive experience in comparative cadastral studies.
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ItemThe Cadastral Template Project( 2004)While many country reports have been compiled in the area of land administration over thelast decade, there has not much attention been given to the basic cadastral issues. As a result,one of the objectives of Working Group 3 "Cadastre" of the PCGIAP is the establishment of acadastral template, which is basically a standard form to be filled out by cadastralorganizations presenting their national cadastral system. The aims are to understand the rolethat a cadastre plays in a state or national SDI and to compare best practice as a basis forimproving cadastres as a key component of SDIs.The work of the PCGIAP-Working Group 3 "Cadastre" is being done in collaboration withCommission 7 "Cadastre and Land Management" of the International Federation ofSurveyors (FIG), which has extensive experience in comparative cadastral studies. Thisarticle describes the creation and the content of the cadastral template and the expectedoutcomes.
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ItemStructured approach to land issues through SES elements( 2013)In order to respond to economic, social and environmental challenges, societies need sound and reliable information about their resource "land". The foremost important data set – before taking any strategic or operational decisions – is about who owns a particular piece of land. Such information is to be provided by well-organized and efficient systems such as land registration and cadastre, which are core elements of a "land administration" system. Land administration systems themselves can be considered as the basic documentation layer serving "land management" with relevant information to carry out land related activities such as land-use planning, land consolidation and other land related implementation policies. Landownership information in this context is very crucial as things always happen on somebody's land; land ownership is not the sole information though, but it is more often than not at the core of the solution. In order to take benefit on a macro-economic level of spatial or location-based information, data needs to be organized in such a way that it can be integrated and shared among stakeholders. Interoperability is key to make best use of geographic information. This can be achieved by establishing a spatial data infrastructure, which observes three conditions that will allow it to be operated in either a centralized or decentralized federated environment.
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ItemKey elements for a spatially enabled society(International Federation of Surveyors (FIG), 2012)
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ItemSpatial needs of societies(International Federation of Surveyors (FIG), 2012)
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ItemThe role of land administration, land management and land governance in spatially enabled societies(International Federation of Surveyors (FIG), 2012)Over the last 15-20 years, the topic of cadastre and land registration has been discussed extensively. The FIG-statement on the cadastre (FIG, 1995) established that the "cadastre assists in the management of land and land use, and enables sustainable development and environmental protection". In the 1990s the UN-ECE (1996) coined the term "land administration" in order to express the broader need and use of land information for managing the land as an asset. The Bathurst Declaration concluded in 1999 that sustainable development is the key driver influencing the humankind to land relationship and that it needs sound land administration (UN-FIG, 1999).