Audiology and Speech Pathology - Research Publications

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Start date: 2000 × End date: 2009 × Author: Morgan, Angela ×

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    Factors affecting the quality of sound recording for speech and voice analysis
    Vogel, AP ; Morgan, AT (INFORMA HEALTHCARE, 2009-12)
    The importance and utility of objective evidence-based measurement of the voice is well documented. Therefore, greater consideration needs to be given to the factors that influence the quality of voice and speech recordings. This manuscript aims to bring together the many features that affect acoustically acquired voice and speech. Specifically, the paper considers the practical requirements of individual speech acquisition configurations through examining issues relating to hardware, software and microphone selection, the impact of environmental noise, analogue to digital conversion and file format as well as the acoustic measures resulting from varying levels of signal integrity. The type of recording environment required by a user is often dictated by a variety of clinical and experimental needs, including: the acoustic measures being investigated; portability of equipment; an individual's budget; and the expertise of the user. As the quality of recorded signals is influenced by many factors, awareness of these issues is essential. This paper aims to highlight the importance of these methodological considerations to those previously uninitiated with voice and speech acoustics. With current technology, the highest quality recording would be made using a stand-alone hard disc recorder, an independent mixer to attenuate the incoming signal, and insulated wiring combined with a high quality microphone in an anechoic chamber or sound treated room.
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    Intervention for developmental apraxia of speech (Protocol)
    Morgan, A ; Vogel, A ; Morgan, A (Wiley - John Wiley & Sons, 2006-12-01)
    This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To assess the efficacy of intervention for developmental apraxia of speech / developmental verbal dyspraxia. Copyright © 2006 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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    Intervention for dysarthria associated with acquired brain injury in children and adolescents (Protocol)
    Morgan, A ; Vogel, A ; Morgan, A (Wiley - John Wiley & Sons, 2006-10-18)
    This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows: To assess the efficacy of intervention delivered by Speech and Language Pathologists/Therapists targeting dysarthric speech in children resulting from acquired brain injury.
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    Intervention for childhood apraxia of speech
    Morgan, AT ; Vogel, AP (WILEY, 2008)
    BACKGROUND: The diagnostic criteria for Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS), and the underlying cause(s) for this disorder, remain heavily debated. Some agreement exists that children with CAS may have impairments in one or more of the following domains: non-speech oral motor function, motor speech function, speech sounds and structures (i.e., syllable and word shapes), prosody, language, phonemic awareness / metalinguistic skills, and literacy . Recently consensus has been reached that only three features across these domains have diagnostic validity: (1) inconsistent error production on both consonants and vowels across repeated productions of syllables or words, (2) lengthened and impaired coarticulatory transitions between sounds and syllables, and (3) inappropriate prosody (ASHA 2007). Perhaps due to the ongoing deliberation over aetiology and diagnosis, little evidence on intervention for CAS is published. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy of intervention delivered by Speech and Language Pathologists(s)/Speech and Language Therapists targeting CAS in children and adolescents. SEARCH STRATEGY: The following databases were searched: CENTRAL (Issue 4, 2006), MEDLINE (1966 to 01/2007), CINAHL (1982 to 12/2006), EMBASE (1980 to 01/2007), ERIC (1965 to 01/2007), Linguistics Abstracts Online (1985 to 01/2007), PsycINFO (1872 to 01/2007). Reference lists of articles thus identified were examined. SELECTION CRITERIA: The review considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomised studies of children aged 3 to 16 years with CAS, grouped by treatment types (e.g., perceptual and instrumentally-based biofeedback treatment techniques). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently assessed titles and abstracts identified from the searches and obtained full text versions of all potentially relevant articles. Articles were assessed for design and risk of bias. In addition to outcome data, a range of variables about participant group and outcomes were documented. MAIN RESULTS: Of 825 titles and abstracts searched, only 31 abstracts appeared to meet inclusion criteria. The remaining 794 papers were excluded predominantly on the basis of not including participants with CAS (e.g., focused on other developmental speech disorders or adult acquired apraxia of speech), or for not being intervention studies (i.e. being diagnostic or descriptive). All 31 full text articles obtained were excluded following evaluation as they did not meet inclusion criteria on design. . Thus no studies are included in this review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: The review demonstrates a critical lack of well controlled treatment studies addressing treatment efficacy for CAS, making it impossible for conclusions to be drawn about which interventions are most effective for treating CAS in children or adolescents.
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    A Cochrane review of treatment for childhood apraxia of speech (Reprinted from Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2008)
    Morgan, AT ; Vogel, AP (EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA, 2009-03)
    BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of Childhood Apraxia of Speech (CAS) remains heavily debated, and there is no agreement upon the etiology for the disorder. Whilst there is some consensus on the potential broad array of presenting features of children with CAS, only three key features are recognised as ubiquitous for diagnosis: 1) inconsistent error production on both consonants and vowels across repeated productions of syllables or words; 2) lengthened and impaired coarticulatory transitions between sounds and syllables; and 3) inappropriate prosody. Despite the typically severe and complex presentation of CAS, there is little evidence reported on intervention approaches for the disorder, perhaps as a result of the ongoing deliberation over etiology and diagnosis. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this paper was to assess the efficacy of intervention delivered by Speech and Language Pathologists(s)/Speech and Language Therapists targeting CAS in children and adolescents. METHOD: Several electronic databases were searched up to January 2007. The review considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomised studies of children aged 3 to 16 years with CAS, grouped by treatment types (e.g., perceptual and instrumentally-based biofeedback treatment techniques). Two authors independently assessed references identified from the searches and obtained full text versions of all potentially relevant articles. RESULTS: Of 825 titles and abstracts searched, only 31 abstracts appeared to meet inclusion criteria. The remaining 794 papers were excluded predominantly on the basis of not including participants with CAS (e.g., focused on other developmental speech disorders or adult acquired apraxia of speech), or for not being intervention studies (i.e. being diagnostic or descriptive). All 31 full text articles obtained were excluded following evaluation as they did not meet inclusion criteria on design. CONCLUSION: The review demonstrates a critical lack of well controlled treatment studies addressing treatment efficacy for CAS, making it impossible for conclusions to be drawn about which interventions are most effective for treating CAS in children or adolescents.
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    A Cochrane review of treatment for dysarthria following acquired brain injury in children and adolescents
    Morgan, AT ; Vogel, AP (EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA, 2009-06)
    BACKGROUND: The expression ''acquired brain injury'' (ABI) incorporates a range of etiologies including cerebrovascular accident, brain tumour and traumatic brain injury. ABI is a common cause of disability in the pediatric population, and dysarthria is a common and often persistent sequelae associated with ABI in children. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of intervention delivered by Speech and Language Pathologists/Therapists targeting dysarthric speech in children resulting from acquired brain injury. METHODS: Several electronic databases were searched up to January 2007. The review considered randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomised studies of children aged 3 to 16 years with acquired dysarthria grouped by aetiology (e.g., brain tumour, traumatic brain injury, cerebrovascular accident). Both authors independently assessed the titles and abstracts for relevance (100% inter-rater reliability) and the full text version of all potentially relevant articles was obtained. No studies met inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Of 2091 titles and abstracts identified, full text versions of only three were obtained. The remaining 2 088 were excluded, largely on the basis of not including dysarthria, being diagnostic or descriptive papers, and for concerning adults rather than children. All obtained articles were excluded due to including populations without ABI, adults with dysarthria, or inappropriate design. Thus, no studies met inclusion criteria. CONCLUSIONS: The review demonstrates a critical lack of studies, let alone RCTs, addressing treatment efficacy for dysarthria in children with ABI. Possible reasons to explain this lack of data include 1) a lack of understanding of the characteristics or natural history of dysarthria associated with this population; 2) the lack of a diagnostic classification system for children precluding the development of well targeted intervention programs; and 3) the heterogeneity of both the etiologies and resultant possible dysarthria types of pediatric ABI. Efforts should first be directed at modest well-controlled studies to identify likely efficacious treatments that may then be trialled in multicentre collaborations using quasi-randomised or RCT methodology.