Mechanical Engineering - Research Publications
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ItemTurbulence intensity similarity formulations for wall-bounded flows(CIMNE - International Center for Numical Methods in Engineering, 2004)
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ItemObservations on high Reynolds number turbulent boundary layer measurements(The University of Sydney, 2004)
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ItemDominant spanwise Fourier modes, and the existence of very large scale coherence in turbulent boundary layers( 2004)Multiple plane stereo PIV results and data from a rake often hot-wire probes are used to investigate the largest scalestructures in a zero-pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layer.Instantaneous vector fields from stereo PIV in spanwise-streamwiseplanes reveal long low- and high-speed regions,with a length that often exceeds the viewing window (> 2d).Also evident is a remarkable degree of spanwise organisation,that manifests as a persistent spanwise stripiness in the u componentof the PIV vector field. Almost all trace of such spanwiseorganisation is lost in the mean statistics, presumably dueto the multitude of scales naturally present in wall-bounded turbulence.This can be overcome by ‘de-jittering’ the instantaneousvector fields. By sorting the data according to dominantspanwise fourier modes, and then applying simple statisticaltools to the sorted subsets, we are able to extract a clear viewof spanwise organisation. Results are confirmed in the variousPIV data-sets. Since the PIV fails to adequately capture the fullstreamwise extent of the low-speed regions, a rake of hot-wireprobes is also employed to capture a continuous view of thespanwise coherence. It is found that the low-speed regions arein fact extremely persistent in the streamwise direction, oftenexceeding 20 d in length. The fact that these long features meanderappreciably in the spanwise direction will limit the overallstreamwise length-scale as witnessed by a single probe or singlepoint statistic. For instance, premultiplied one-dimensionalspectra of the streamwise velocity (kxFuu) at this z/d show apeak contribution for characteristic lengthscales of 5-7d.
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ItemThree dimensional structure characterization and visualization in a turbulent boundary layer(CIMNE - International Center for Numical Methods in Engineering, 2004)
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ItemEvidence of the -1-law in a high Reynolds number turbulent boundary layer( 2004)Dimensional analysis leads to a prediction of a -1-power-lawfor the streamwise velocity spectrum in a turbulent boundarylayer. This law can be derived from overlap arguments or fromphysical arguments based on the attached eddy hypothesis ofTownsend (1976). Some recent experiments have questionedthe existence of this power-law region in wall-bounded ows.In this paper experimental spectra are presented which supportthe existence of the -1-law in a high Reynolds number boundarylayer, measured in the large boundary layer facility in theWalterBasset laboratory at the University of Melbourne. The paperpresents the experimental results and discusses the theoreticaland experimental issues involved in examining the existence ofthe -1-law and reasons why it has proved so elusive.
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ItemDual-plane PIV investigation of structural features in a turbulent boundary layer( 2004)Simultaneous dual-plane PIV experiments were performed instreamwise-spanwise planes in the log region of a turbulentboundary layer at a moderate Reynolds number (Ret » 1100).The acquired datasets were used to resolve all 9 velocity gradientsfrom which the complete vorticity vector and other invariantquantities like 3-D swirl strength were computed. Thesederived quantities were used to analyze and interpret the structuralcharacteristics and features of the boundary layer. Resultsof the vorticity vector and the 2-D swirl strength from the twoneighbouring planes indicate the existence of hairpin shapedvortices inclined downstream along the streamwise direction.These vortices envelop low speed zones and generate Reynoldsshear stress that enhances turbulence production. Plots of full3D swirl strength indicate the existence of additional vorticalstructures in the middle of the low speed zones that may representheads of smaller eddies intersecting the measurementplane. This concept is in accordance with the hierarchy of structuresize in a hairpin packet proposed by Adrian et al.[2]. Computationof inclination angles of individual eddies using the vorticityvector suggests that most cores are inclined at 25± to thestreamwise-spanwise plane with a resulting projected eddy inclinationof 32±.
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ItemInclined cross-stream stereo PIV measurements in turbulent boundary layers.(CIMNE, 2004)By arranging the laser light-sheet and image plane of a stereo PIV system ininclined spanwise/wall-normal planes (inclined at both 45± and 135± to the x-axis) we have obtained a unique quantitative view of the turbulent boundarylayer in planes aligned both with and against the principle vorticity axis of aproposed hairpin model. These experiments have been repeated across a range ofReynolds numbers (Re¿ ¼ 800 ¡ 3050). In-plane swirl results indicate the presenceof inclined eddies, arranged about low-speed regions (with circumstantialevidence suggesting that these occasionally group into packet-like formations).Two-point correlations show that outer scaling is the correct way to quantifythe characteristic spanwise lengthscale across the range of Re¿ .
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ItemEffective Plant Tours in Engineering( 2004-05)An effective way of incorporating more experiential learning elements into engineering courses and conducting them as active learning process is by adding site/factory tours to the curriculum. This paper reports research outcomes which help to conduct a successful and active plant tour for engineering students. Acknowledging logistical and managerial aspects of organising such tours, useful techniques are suggested to reduce this load. Pedagogical principles related to factory tours are then reviewed and appropriate activities to maximise the learning of students are proposed.
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ItemTurbulence intensity similarity laws for turbulent boundary layers(SPRINGER, 2004-01-01)