Management and Marketing - Research Publications
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ItemImpact of Internal Environmental Uncertainty and Knowledge Leveraging on Manufacturing Plant’s Financial Performance(ANZAM, 2019-12-03)Businesses are unclear about which levels of knowledge leveraging from suppliers and customers increase the financial performance in internal uncertain business environments. Therefore, this study first aims to explore how the leveraging of supplier and customer knowledge, which are driven by different motivations, impact the financial performance in modern days. Also, this study further investigates the impact of internal business environmental uncertainty dimensions of dynamism, munificence, and complexity on a business’ knowledge leveraging practices and financial performance. This study used empirical data from 513 plants, across 9 countries, and 21 industries and invokes Knowledge-Based View with environmental uncertainty literature. Leveraging of supplier and customer knowledge improve the financial performance and internal environmental uncertainty dimensions moderate those relationships.
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ItemImpact of Environmental Uncertainty and Contractual Embeddedness on Supplier's Sales Probability(The Academy of Management, 2019)Existing literature offers limited knowledge about online markets that consist of open contractual and supply networks. Online markets allow consumers to develop their supply chains by choosing suppliers from the open contractual network. Suppliers’ contractual embeddedness (SCE), which is how they are contracted with each other, may influence their sales probability in online markets. However, SCE is conceptually vague because literature posits both linear and nonlinear effects of embeddedness on performance mostly based on subjective measures. Also, suppliers change their contracts in online markets to adapt to environmental uncertainty over time, but this remains poorly understood in the literature. Hence, this study explores how the environmental uncertainty dimensions of dynamism, munificence and complexity and objective measures of SCE such as degree and closeness centralities impact the supplier’s sales probability by mainly invoking Complex Adaptive System theory and Social Network theories. Applying panel logit regression model to Australian-based Open Food Network data from 2012 to 2016, this study empirically validates that SCE generally improves the supplier’s sales probability and environmental uncertainty dimensions moderate that relationship. Network diagrams illustrate the local optimisation behaviour of network clusters and how they evolve into different network patterns over time.
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ItemSupplier Embeddedness and Relational Performance in Toyota Buyer Network in Uncertain Business Environments(Australian and New Zealand Academy of Management, 2019)Existing literature offers limited knowledge about the supplier embeddedness and relational performance in global buyer network under business environmental uncertainties. Therefore, this study first develops the empirical context, a part of Toyota’s corporate level buyer network that consists of 6,152 suppliers and 14,156 relationships and indicates changes in network patterns. This study invokes the social network theories and environmental uncertainty and supply chain literature. The study applies a hierarchical regression model to validate that environmental uncertainties moderate the positive relationship between supplier embeddedness and relational performance. Supplier firms should strategically position in buyer networks to adapt to environmental uncertainties.
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ItemSupplier’s contractual embeddedness and sales performance in uncertain environments(EurOMA, 2019)Literature offers limited knowledge on the online markets that consist of both open contractual and supply networks which are subject to environmental uncertainties. This study investigates how the environmental uncertainty dimensions and supplier’s contractual embeddedness (as informed by the degree and closeness centralities) impact the supplier’s sales probability in light of Complex Adaptive System theory, Social Network Analysis and the environmental uncertainty literature. Australian based Open Food Network data from 2012 to 2016 empirically validates that the supplier’s contractual embeddedness generally improves its sales probability and uncertainty dimensions moderate this relationship with the help of panel logit regression model.
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ItemNo Preview AvailableModerating influence of the business environment on suppliers’ contractual embeddedness and sales probability: complex adaptive system view(Virtual Observatory for the Study of Online Networks, 2018)Businesses that are unable to withstand the market domination and product surpluses increasingly use internet enabled alternative distribution channels. These online platforms lead to coexistence and simultaneous coevolution of both the open contractual and the real supply networks that emerged in a single complex adaptive system (CAS). The existing mere CAS applications to the supply networks are not adequate to understand how these two network evolutions vary by the business environmental conditions such as dynamism, munificence and complexity. Therefore, in light of CAS theory, social network analysis (SNA) technique and the business environment literature, this paper proposes a conceptual model to recognise how a supplier’s contractual embeddedness determines its sales probability in the supply network while adapting the business environment. With the support of panel logit regression model, the empirical data from the Australian based Open Food Network from 2012 to 2016 validate the positive associations between a supplier’s contractual embeddedness as informed by degree and closeness centralities and the sales probability in supply network. Both dynamic and complex environments improve the positive association between a supplier’s degree centrality and the sales probability. Though munificence increases the positive association between a supplier’s closeness centrality and the sales probability, dynamism lowers this relationship. This paper first extends the CAS theory with significant system level interactions and secondly develops network diagrams using SNA to illustrate the local optimisation behaviour of network clusters and their evolutions into different network patterns such as scale free, block diagonal and centralised connected through structural holes. Third, this is the first longitudinal study to analyse how a supplier’s contractual embeddedness contributes to its sales probability in the real supply network subjecting to environmental conditions.
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ItemSupplier and customer knowledge leveraging and financial performance nexus: moderating effects of the internal manufacturing environment(European Academy of Management Annual Conference, 2018)Exponentially growing knowledge and technology create dynamic but different expectations for customer and supplier leveraging practices in both knowledge exploitation and exploration. Although manufacturers equally adopt the imitable knowledge leveraging practices in both demand and supply side, they may generate varying financial performances subjecting to the internal conditions of the manufacturing environment such as dynamism, munificence and complexity. We invoke the Practice Based View and Knowledge Based View that grown out of Resource Based Theory to explore how the manufacturing environmental features moderate the associations between the supplier and customer knowledge leveraging practices and the financial performance. Empirical data from 513 plants across 9 countries and 21 industries validates that the positive association between supplier knowledge leveraging and financial performance increases at higher levels of environmental features. Also, the customer knowledge leveraging is positively associated with the financial performance and it lowers only at the higher levels of munificence.
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ItemThe interactive effect of task business environment and supply chain relationship on manufacturing plant's operational sustainability: synergies or antagonies?(15th ANZAM Operations, Supply Chain and Service Management Symposium, 2017)The recent global “Great Recession” showed that many manufacturing plants that appeared to be operationally sustainable were not able to withstand the forces in their task environments and supply chains. In this study, we invoke the complex adaptive system (CAS) theory to assess the interactive effects of these two constructs on operational sustainability. We show that empirical data from 522 plants across 9 countries and 21 industries validates both the positive and negative synergistic or antagonistic interactions among the features of task business environment (dynamisms, munificence and complexity) and supply chain relationship (information exchange, supplier and customer leveraging and complexity).
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ItemExtended Abstract: Suppliers’ operational sustainability within the global supply network in automobile industry: a complex adaptive system view(15th ANZAM Operations, Supply Chain and Services Management Symposium, 2017)The collapse of the Australian automobile manufacturing industry shows that even the global giants such as Toyota, Ford and General Motors could not escape from the interactive effects of the global supply network with its task business environment. Hence, we invoke the complex adaptive system theory (CAS) to explore how these interactions influence the suppliers’ operational sustainability within the global supply network. Bloomberg data from Toyota’s 284 immediate suppliers validates that the interactive effects are either synergistic or antagonistic on their operational sustainability.
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ItemConceptual note: The impact of supply network configurations on firms’ operational sustainability(Melbourne Monash Joint Doctoral Colloquium, 2014)Supply network configuration consists of both structural characteristics and relational characteristics. Structural characteristics attribute embedded position of buyer and supplier firms in a network and relational characteristics explain the set of relationships between them. The intention of a supply network is to deliver a product or a service to consumers efficiently and effectively. At the same time, individual firms also need to manage the relationships appropriately to remain operationally sustainable in supply networks. Much of the literature on supply network configuration concentrates on classification, structural characteristics and their linear relations to performance and innovation. Further, majority of them follow the nascent research archetype providing qualitative interpretations. Few quantitative studies are able to provide empirical evidences in supply network context due to the difficulties of data collection from real world supply networks. Existing literature is not sufficient in revealing the potential drivers of supply network configuration and its nonlinear impact on firms’ performance. Therefore, this paper conceptualises the impact of supply network configuration on firms’ operational sustainability remaining on stances of supply networks as complex adaptive systems where environment acts as ultimate driver that creates supply network configurations. The conceptual model strengthens the argument that firms adjusting themselves to adapt environment will survive longer in supply networks. Consequently, supply networks are emerging rather than static designs by individual firms. Further, this paper proposes social network analysis (SNA) to disentangle supply network characteristics and hence to quantify firms’ connectivity and dimensionality in a supply network. The paper justifies the proposed relationships in the model based on complex adaptive systems and social network theories.
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ItemCoordinated pricing analysis with the carbon tax scheme in a supply chain(Wiley, 2018-10)The carbon tax is a cost-efficient scheme to curb emissions, and it has been implemented in Australia, British Columbia, and other places worldwide. We aim to analyze its effect on dynamic pricing in a supply chain with multiple suppliers and one manufacturer. The profit-maximizing manufacturer makes final products using raw materials from suppliers with heterogeneous prices and emission rates. A two-stage game model is built over an infinite time horizon for this issue. In the first stage, suppliers face price-dependent demand to set their prices and production rates under the constraint of inventory capacity. Then, in response to the carbon tax scheme, the manufacturer evaluates the procurement prices and emission rates of suppliers to control its emission volumes and sets the sales price of its product. This paper predominately focuses on the optimal pricing strategies in a decentralized supply chain. The open-loop equilibrium and Markovian Nash equilibrium for the dynamic pricing game models of both suppliers and the manufacturer are derived, respectively. The equilibrium prices of suppliers and the manufacturer can be solved based on both irreversible actions and real-time states. These two types of equilibria can be regarded as the solutions of two different models in specific situations. To analyze the effect of sourcing diversity on pricing strategies and emissions control for the manufacturer, the more general equilibrium price for the manufacturer in an n-suppliers oligopoly is studied. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the equilibrium and its monotonicity with various parameter settings.