Management and Marketing - Research Publications

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    Toward a "human being to commodity model" as an explanation for men's violent, sexual consumption of women
    Yeh, MA ; Eilert, M ; Vlahos, A ; Baker, SM ; Stovall, T (WILEY, 2021-09)
    Abstract This research proposes a consumer behavior model that highlights how women may be valuated across a continuum of living human being to commodity. We use the social epidemic of men's sexual violence against women to build a model that reframes sexual violence as men's violent consumption of women. Our model describes the process through which men can think about women as a commodity. We propose different paths through which commoditization occurs—men perceiving women as instrumental, interchangeable, and violable, as well as denying their subjectivity and autonomy—which can lead to violent consumption (the commitment of sexual violence). While sexual violence is a complex problem that defies easy solutions, we believe our nuanced and concrete model is more informative to actions to stop sexual violence than existing theories. We also discuss the role of other factors, including the marketplace, in enabling, attenuating, and reversing this process.
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    Ethics at the Centre of Global and Local Challenges: Thoughts on the Future of Business Ethics
    Boehm, S ; Carrington, M ; Cornelius, N ; de Bruin, B ; Greenwood, M ; Hassan, L ; Jain, T ; Karam, C ; Kourula, A ; Romani, L ; Riaz, S ; Shaw, D (SPRINGER, 2022-10)
    To commemorate 40 years since the founding of the Journal of Business Ethics, the editors in chief of the journal have invited the editors to provide commentaries on the future of business ethics. This essay comprises a selection of commentaries aimed at creating dialogue around the theme Ethics at the centre of global and local challenges. For much of the history of the Journal of Business Ethics, ethics was seen within the academy as a peripheral aspect of business. However, in recent years, the stakes have risen dramatically, with global and local worlds destabilized by financial crisis, climate change, internet technologies and artificial intelligence, and global health crises. The authors of these commentaries address these grand challenges by placing business ethics at their centre. What if all grand challenges were framed as grand ethical challenges? Tanusree Jain, Arno Kourula and Suhaib Riaz posit that an ethical lens allows for a humble response, in which those with greater capacity take greater responsibility but remain inclusive and cognizant of different voices and experiences. Focussing on business ethics in connection to the grand(est) challenge of environmental emergencies, Steffen Böhm introduces the deceptively simple yet radical position that business is nature, and nature is business. His quick but profound side-step from arguments against human-nature dualism to an ontological undoing of the business-nature dichotomy should have all business ethics scholars rethinking their "business and society" assumptions. Also, singularly concerned with the climate emergency, Boudewijn de Bruin posits a scenario where, 40 years from now, our field will be evaluated by its ability to have helped humanity emerge from this emergency. He contends that Milieudefensie (Friends of the Earth) v. Royal Dutch Shell illustrates how human rights take centre stage in climate change litigation, and how business ethics enters the courtroom. From a consumer ethics perspective, Deirdre Shaw, Michal Carrington and Louise Hassan argue that ecologically sustainable and socially just marketplace systems demand cultural change, a reconsideration of future interpretations of "consumer society", a challenge to the dominant "growth logic" and stimulation of alternative ways to address our consumption needs. Still concerned with global issues, but turning attention to social inequalities, Nelarine Cornelius links the capability approach (CA) to global and corporate governance, arguing that CA will continue to lie at the foundation of human development policy, and, increasingly, CSR and corporate governance. Continuing debate on the grand challenges associated with justice and equality, Laurence Romani identifies a significant shift in the centrality of business ethics in debates on managing (cultural) differences, positing that dialogue between diversity management and international management can ground future debate in business ethics. Finally, the essay concludes with a commentary by Charlotte Karam and Michelle Greenwood on the possibilities of feminist-inspired theories, methods, and positionality for many spheres of business ethics, not least stakeholder theory, to broaden and deepen its capacity for nuance, responsiveness, and transformation. In the words of our commentators, grand challenges must be addressed urgently, and the Journal of Business Ethics should be at the forefront of tackling them.
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    Impact of COVID-19 and Consortium Factors on Mental Health: Role of Emotional Labor Strategies in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals
    Rehman, S ; Hamza, MA ; Nasir, A ; Ullah, A ; Arshad, N (FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2022-03-03)
    The COVID-19 pandemic that began in 2019 has created an acute fear of economic crisis, and people have experienced the state of perceived job insecurity. Several measures were taken to control this deadly pandemic, but it still affected the majority of global operational activities. This study addresses the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) number 8 that relates to decent work and economic growth. This quantitative study examines the impact of fear associated with economic crisis and perceived job insecurity on mental health with the moderating effect of surface and deep acting. Surface acting is displaying fake emotions, and deep acting is modifying inner feelings according to the required emotions. This study used sample data from private-sector employees and applied SmartPLS for structural model assessment. As many organizations took more challenging decisions to sustain their business operations, the study therefore analyzes the impact of the pandemic on private sector employees. The two main findings of the study are: (i) surface acting moderates the relationships of fear of economic crisis and perceived job insecurity with mental health and declines the impact of both on mental health, (ii) while deep acting negatively moderates the relationships of fear of economic crisis and perceived job insecurity with mental health and improved mental health even in the presence of both. The study highlighted the importance of deep acting at workplaces to sustain employees' mental and psychological stability. Organizations could introduce emotional labor strategies and strengthen the mental health of their employees against the underlying fear of economic crisis and perceived job insecurity.
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    Talent acquisition and technology: A step towards sustainable development
    Rehman, S ; Ullah, A ; Naseem, K ; Elahi, AR ; Erum, H (FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2022-10-18)
    PURPOSE: The purpose of the research is to highlight the use of social media and information technology in employee recruitment by providing a conceptual recruitment model in the aspects of theoretical foundations and empirical evidence on the factors and outcomes leading to the use of social media recruiting technology (SMART). DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: A total of 4,481 organizations are listed as the population of the study, and a total of 589 responses are used in the study for data analysis. Selection of the sample is done based on the simple random sampling technique. Appropriateness of sample size is confirmed with the help of G*Power (3.1.9.2) software, which calculated a sample size of 326 with 99% power, a multiple correlation (R) of 0.30, and at a significance level of 0.05. FINDINGS: The paper provides empirical insights into the elements of the extended unified theory of acceptance and use of technology; i.e., performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, habit, and price value have positive relations with the intention to adopt social media recruiting technology, and the intention impacts use of social media recruiting technology. Furthermore, the use of social media recruiting technology impacts outcome variables, i.e., social media recruiting time, cost, and recruitment quality, which establish the extension of the recruitment model with all factors and outcomes. ORIGINALITY: This study provides a model of employee recruitment to win the battle of acquiring human capital using social media recruiting technology as a step toward sustainable development, which has been conceptually defined and empirically tested. The comprehensiveness of the model has never been discussed in earlier studies. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Through this research, organizations will get an opportunity to experience enhancement in the scope of recruitment as a whole instead of considering recruitment as a traditional procedure, and the use of information technology can be expanded for progressive measures for future purposes and pandemic situations.
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    Examining the generalizability of research findings from archival data
    Delios, A ; Clemente, EG ; Wu, T ; Tan, H ; Wang, Y ; Gordon, M ; Viganola, D ; Chen, Z ; Dreberb, A ; Johannesson, M ; Pfeiffer, T ; Uhlmann, EL (NATL ACAD SCIENCES, 2022-07-26)
    This initiative examined systematically the extent to which a large set of archival research findings generalizes across contexts. We repeated the key analyses for 29 original strategic management effects in the same context (direct reproduction) as well as in 52 novel time periods and geographies; 45% of the reproductions returned results matching the original reports together with 55% of tests in different spans of years and 40% of tests in novel geographies. Some original findings were associated with multiple new tests. Reproducibility was the best predictor of generalizability-for the findings that proved directly reproducible, 84% emerged in other available time periods and 57% emerged in other geographies. Overall, only limited empirical evidence emerged for context sensitivity. In a forecasting survey, independent scientists were able to anticipate which effects would find support in tests in new samples.
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    Beyond Experiments
    Diener, E ; Northcott, R ; Zyphur, MJ ; West, SG (SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2022-07)
    It is often claimed that only experiments can support strong causal inferences and therefore they should be privileged in the behavioral sciences. We disagree. Overvaluing experiments results in their overuse both by researchers and decision makers and in an underappreciation of their shortcomings. Neglect of other methods often follows. Experiments can suggest whether X causes Y in a specific experimental setting; however, they often fail to elucidate either the mechanisms responsible for an effect or the strength of an effect in everyday natural settings. In this article, we consider two overarching issues. First, experiments have important limitations. We highlight problems with external, construct, statistical-conclusion, and internal validity; replicability; and conceptual issues associated with simple X causes Y thinking. Second, quasi-experimental and nonexperimental methods are absolutely essential. As well as themselves estimating causal effects, these other methods can provide information and understanding that goes beyond that provided by experiments. A research program progresses best when experiments are not treated as privileged but instead are combined with these other methods.
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    Long-Run Effects in Dynamic Systems: New Tools for Cross-Lagged Panel Models
    Shamsollahi, A ; Zyphur, MJ ; Ozkok, O (SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2022-07)
    Cross-lagged panel models (CLPMs) are common, but their applications often focus on “short-run” effects among temporally proximal observations. This addresses questions about how dynamic systems may immediately respond to interventions, but fails to show how systems evolve over longer timeframes. We explore three types of “long-run” effects in dynamic systems that extend recent work on “impulse responses,” which reflect potential long-run effects of one-time interventions. Going beyond these, we first treat evaluations of system (in)stability by testing for “permanent effects,” which are important because in unstable systems even a one-time intervention may have enduring effects. Second, we explore classic econometric long-run effects that show how dynamic systems may respond to interventions that are sustained over time. Third, we treat “accumulated responses” to model how systems may respond to repeated interventions over time. We illustrate tests of each long-run effect in a simulated dataset and we provide all materials online including user-friendly R code that automates estimating, testing, reporting, and plotting all effects (see https://doi.org/10.26188/13506861 ). We conclude by emphasizing the value of aligning specific longitudinal hypotheses with quantitative methods.
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    How Consumer Orchestration Work Creates Value in the Sharing Economy
    Scaraboto, D ; Figueiredo, B (SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC, 2022-03)
    Sharing economy platforms have become increasingly popular, but many platforms do not create all the value that is possible because consumers face challenges while cocreating their experiences. The authors situate the origin of these challenges in the sharing economy’s hybrid cocreation logics, which combine competing communal and transactional logics. Using a qualitative study of Couchsurfing, a platform for sharing free accommodation, the authors find that consumers engage in orchestration work to overcome cocreation roadblocks and extract greater benefits from sharing economy platforms. This orchestration work consists of many actions reflected in four overarching mechanisms: consumer-to-consumer alignment, rewiring relations, trust investment, and network experimentation. The authors connect these mechanisms to known sources of value for firms (i.e., complementarities, efficiency, lock-in, and novelty) to make recommendations for how platform firms can foster consumer orchestration work and unlock the full value of consumer cocreation in the sharing economy.
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    CEO narcissism and innovation ambidexterity: The moderating roles of CEO power and firm reputation
    You, S ; Li, Z ; Jia, L ; Cai, Y (Wiley, 2022-03)
    We examine how CEO narcissism affects firm innovation ambidexterity—the relatively balanced development in existing domains through exploitative innovation and in new domains through exploratory innovation. We theorize that firms led by more narcissistic CEOs are less likely to achieve innovation ambidexterity than those led by less narcissistic CEOs. Drawing on the trait activation theory, we further argue that this negative relationship is strongest when the CEO's power is intermediate and when the firm's reputation in the market is intermediate. Our analyses of a large-scale onsite survey collected from 132 Chinese firms, matched with their archival patent information, support our hypotheses. Our study first sheds new light on the existing literature on the influence of firm managers on innovation ambidexterity by considering their different personalities. Second, this study contributes to the strategic leadership research on CEO narcissism by extending its implications to innovation ambidexterity as a new organizational outcome. Third, our study indicates that narcissistic CEOs' priority orders to chase the two conflicting needs—that is, the need to dominate decision-making and the need for acclaim—vary in different scenarios. This finding thus challenges the assumption in prior CEO narcissism research that the behavioral manifestations of narcissistic personalities' different facets are the same regardless of the contextual scenarios.