Management and Marketing - Research Publications

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    The effect of organisational factors on the transfer of human resource management practices: European and US MNCs and their Greek subsidiaries
    MYLONI, B. ; HARZING, A. ; MIRZA, H. (International Conference on International Human Resource Management, 2005)
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    Knowledge-sharing and social interaction within MNEs
    Noorderhaven, N ; Harzing, A-W (PALGRAVE MACMILLAN LTD, 2009-01-01)
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    Response styles in cross-national survey research: A 26-country study
    Harzing, AW (SAGE Publications, 2006-12-01)
    Studies of attitudes across countries generally rely on a comparison of aggregated mean scores to Likert-scale questions. This presupposes that when people complete a questionnaire, their answers are based on the substantive meaning of the items to which they respond. However, people's responses are also influenced by their response style. Hence, the studies we conduct might simply reflect differences in the way people respond to surveys, rather than picking up real differences in management phenomena across countries. Our 26-country study shows that there are major differences in response styles between countries that both confirm and extend earlier research. Country-level characteristics such as power distance, collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and extraversion all significantly influence response styles such as acquiescence and extreme response styles. Further, English-language questionnaires are shown to elicit a higher level of middle responses, while questionnaires in a respondent's native language result in more extreme response styles. Finally, English-language competence is positively related to extreme response styles and negatively related to middle response styles. We close by discussing implications for cross-national research.
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    Does the use of English-language questionnaires in cross-national research obscure national differences?
    Harzing, AW (SAGE Publications, 2005-12-01)
    Cross-national research is plagued by many obstacles. This article focuses on one of these obstacles: the fact that research in more than one country usually involves respondents with different native languages. We investigated whether the language of the questionnaire influences response patterns. More specifically we tested whether responding in a common language (English) leads to a homogenization of responses across countries, hence obscuring national differences. We tested this hypothesis with a sample of 3419 undergraduate students in 24 countries. Half the students in each country received an English-language questionnaire, while the other half received the same questionnaire in their native language. Three types of questions were included in the questionnaire: questions about cultural norms and values, questions about characteristics of the ideal type of jobs that students would prefer after graduation, and questions about the reasons for choosing particular electives in their studies. Differences across countries were considerably smaller for nearly all questions when the English-language questionnaire was used. Consequences and recommendations for cross-national research and management are discussed.
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    Rating versus ranking: What is the best way to reduce response and language bias in cross-national research?
    Harzing, A-W ; Baldueza, J ; Barner-Rasmussen, W ; Barzantny, C ; Canabal, A ; Davila, A ; Espejo, A ; Ferreira, R ; Giroud, A ; Koester, K ; Liang, Y-K ; Mockaitis, A ; Morley, MJ ; Myloni, B ; Odusanya, JOT ; O'Sullivan, SL ; Palaniappan, AK ; Prochno, P ; Choudhury, SR ; Saka-Helmhout, A ; Siengthai, S ; Viswat, L ; Soydas, AU ; Zander, L (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2009-08)
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    Comment: Descending from the ivory tower: reflections on the relevance and future of country‐of‐origin research
    Josiassen, A ; Harzing, A (Wiley, 2008-12)
    Abstract In a provocative article in this journal, Jean‐Claude Usunier (2006) summarizes the critique on country of origin (COO) research and proclaims it to be ivory tower research that is of little relevance for consumers and businesses. Against this background, our paper comments on recent studies criticizing both past COO research and the relevance of the COO concept itself. We systematically counter the critique on COO research and provide reflections on the way forward for the field. Despite acknowledging Usunier's (2006) views that much research in this area might be guided by feasibility, rather than theoretical and practical relevance, and suffers from self‐referential dynamics and overspecialization, we are critical of his conclusions with regard to the extant literature, its achievements and future research. We argue that COO is still a very relevant area of research, but one that does need to address several critical challenges.
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