School of Historical and Philosophical Studies - Theses
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ItemThe settlement of Melbourne 1851-1893: selected aspects of urban growth( 1970-02)Melbourne was the obvious choice as a prototype of a nineteenth century colonial city in the following study in urban history. It succeeded early to a pre-eminent position within Victoria, indeed of the entire Australian continent and its position of supremacy went unchallenged until the twentieth century. It was never seriously threatened by the claims of rival cities such as Ballarat, Sandhurst or Geelong. In this respect, Melbourne was a classic primate city with a whole-state hinterland and was justly described as "the commercial metropolis of the South". Its favourable geographic location, centrally placed between eastern and western halves of the colony, together with its position at the northern end of Port Phillip Bay provided the logical point of convergance for a railway network spanning the reaches of the interior. This gave a nodal quality to the city which made it the sole effective input-output point for all commerce with the mainland interior.(For complete abstract open document)
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ItemThe hospital south of the Yarra: a history to celebrate the centenary of Alfred Hospital Melbourne 1871-1971( 1972-02)Although this work was commissioned for the purpose of celebrating Alfred Hospital’s first one hundred years, I have made no effort to cover all of those years. I have set out: 1. To isolate the historical precedents for current hospital procedures and in particular to explore the relationship between Alfred Hospital and the State Government. This task was burdened by the scarcity of early hospital records and of research in related fields of charitable and social welfare - which emphasizes the value of rescuing the hospital’s fast vanishing past from oblivion. 2. By attention to human relationships (that constantly inconsistent element in all institutional affairs) to evoke those unique qualities which distinguish Alfred Hospital from other similar hospitals. 3. To convey what the Alfred meant to the greatest number of people associated with it. 4. To provide a useful source of reference.
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ItemHow the south-east was held: aspects of the quadripartite interaction of Mount Gambier, Portland, Adelaide and Melbourne 1860-1917( 1977)This thesis examines aspects of the "perennial theme of discussion", acknowledging the involvement of four participants, viz., Mt. Gambier, Portland, Adelaide and Melbourne. The assertion of regional generality was supported by the fact that between 1866 and 1921 the Mt. Gambier district rarely contained less than 39% of the total population of the South-East of South Australia. Indeed, in 1911, over 48% of the region's population lived in the vicinity of Mt. Gambier. Furthermore, as Hirst noted, Mt. Gambier was the only old South Australian country town to maintain a steady rate of growth between 1870 and 1917. These facts contributed to the belief, to be longheld by both Adelaide and Melbourne, that Mt. Gambier was the key to the South-East of South Australia. The holding of Mt. Gambier was then thought to be a necessary precursor to the holding of the South-East. Learmonth and Logan have each produced very useful studies of the Victorian port of Portland and its hinterland. Their perceptions, however, remain essentially "Victorian". While the proximity of the border between Victoria and South Australia was acknowledged, no rigorous attempt was made to study historically its regional influence. This thesis also aims to remedy that situation. (From introduction)
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ItemGerman and Austrian refugees in Melbourne 1933-1947: a study of their migration, reception and integration into the Melbourne community( 1965)The group of people who have been studied in this thesis are people who left Germany and Austria between 1933 and 1939, because Hitler’s policies made life intolerable or impossible and came to Australia as immigrants or internees between 1933 and 1942. These immigrants who were labelled Refugees or “reffos” in colloquial Australian, were distinct from the group of post war refugee immigrants known as S.Ps (Displaced Persons) – not necessarily in origin for many of the immediate post war refugees had similar German and Austrian Jewish backgrounds – but the later group had different war time experiences and faced a different situation when they arrived in Australia. The first victims of Hitler’s policies were his political and ideological opponents and especially those who had been publically anti-Nazi, members of opposition political parties, Trade Unionists, writers and publicists. But for the most part those who came to Australia were the victims – or they would have been the victims – of his anti-semitic racial policies which increasingly endangered the livelihood of all those of Jewish faith and of Jewish descent though this does not mean they were not often his political opponents too. After September 1935 Jewish descent included all those whose parents or one parent, grandparents or one grandparent had professed the Jewish religion; Nazi anti-semitic measures also victimised those married or engaged to anyone in the above categories even if they had no “Jewish blood” in their veins. Baptised Christians, half, quarter and one-eighth Jews were known as “non-Aryans.” (From Introduction)
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ItemNineteenth-century stained glass in Melbourne( 1975)This study is concerned with stained glass windows in the churches of Melbourne and the surrounding district, made locally or imported from overseas, which date from the reigns of William IV, Victoria and Edward VII. Originally the intention was to produce a survey of all types of stained glass in the Colony of Victoria, as this field, and indeed all nineteenth-century stained glass in Australia, had hitherto received little or no attention. However, as my researches proceeded it quickly became apparent that this aim was far too ambitious, for such a wealth of material came to light that the imposition of a limiting frame of reference soon became an absolute necessity. The limitations of this study are those of time, place and class. The period under consideration is 1836-1910. The initial date is, of course dictated by the beginnings of Melbourne as a settlement of free landholders; but as the town did not begin to develop until the gold rush of 1851, very little stained or coloured glass seems to have been in use during the early years. Therefore this study effectively begins in the second half of the nineteenth century. As a final date, 1900, being arbitrary, proved unsuccessful since the style of the old century continued steadily into the new. By 1910 there was a palpable decline activity in stained glass work, and a new style began to emerge as new windows were erected to those who fell in the Great War; also in 1910 William Frater arrived in Melbourne to take over the studio of Brooks, Robinson and Co., and so ended the very close relations of that studio with Clayton and Bell (although the influence of English makers continued very strongly); and the death of Edward VII in the same year makes it as justifiable a date to end the study as had the death of Queen Victoria made 1900. So the final year for this study has been set at 1910. The area under consideration is Melbourne and what were then its nearer settlements, many of which have now become included in the metropolitan area. There are great fine windows in the Victorian rural churches, particularly around the gold-fields and the rich pastoral country of the Western District. But in the main they reflect attitudes and practices in common with those of Melbourne, so that the district around Port Phillip can function validly as a model for the entire colony. There is more than enough material to investigate in this area alone for the present study. Finally the type of stained glass considered here is restricted only to ecclesiastical stained glass. A large amount of stained glass is to be found in old homes and public buildings, but its subject matter is usually of etched designs, coloured patterns and panels of animal and bird life. The main function of stained glass windows in the Victorian age was as memorials, and therefore these windows, erected in churches attended by the dedicatees, are the subject of this thesis.