School of Social and Political Sciences - Research Publications

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 486
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    Global public power: The subject of principles of global political legitimacy
    Hurrell, A ; MacDonald, T (Routledge, 2012-12-01)
    This paper elaborates the concept of global public power as the subject of principles of political legitimacy in global politics, and defends it through a critical comparison with other concepts widely employed to depict this regulative subject: states, global basic structure, and global governance. The goal underlying this argument is to bring some greater unity and integration to conceptual understandings of the subject of principles of political legitimacy within analyses of global politics, and in doing so to frame a broader research agenda for locating in practice the concrete political agencies and institutions that are appropriate targets for demands of political legitimation under the prevailing empirical conditions of global pluralism.
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    Corporations and global justice: Rethinking ‘public’ and ‘private’ responsibilities
    Macdonald, T ; MacDonald, K ; Marshall, S (Routledge, 2013-01-01)
    This chapter argues that corporate accountability rather than corporate social responsibility (CSR) strategies are more suitable for the inclusion of homeworkers in organizing, policy and ethical supply chain regulation issues. It also argues that the collective organization of homeworkers, and community-union alliances combined with corporate accountability features legislative and voluntary mechanisms to regulate the supply chain increase the likelihood of codes being relevant to informal and formal workers. The chapter begins with a discussion of homework in the global context, and examines informal employment, and contrasts CSR to the emergent theme of corporate accountability. It includes a detailed case study of the FairWear campaign, an example of an Australian community-union campaign with links to grassroots organizing through the campaign partners Textile, Clothing and Footwear Union of Australia (TCFUA) and Asian Women at Work (AWATW). The chapter focuses on the Australian homework context and the FairWear campaigns role in promoting homeworker rights through campaigns to maintain legal protection and supply-chain regulation.
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    ACCESS TO AND DROPOUT OF GIRLS FROM SCHOOL: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF MARRIAGE ARRANGEMENTS ON GIRL-CHILD EDUCATION IN BOLNI
    Mabefam, (Science Publications, 2013-03-01)
    Moral distress occurs when individuals are unable to act in accordance with what they believe to be ethically correct or just. It results from a discrepancy between a clinician’s perception of “the right thing to do” and what is actually happening and is perpetuated by perceived constraints that limit the individual from speaking up or enacting change. Moral distress is reported by many clinicians in caring for patients with serious illness, including chronic kidney disease and kidney failure. If left unidentified, unexpressed, or unaddressed, moral distress may cause burnout, exhaustion, detachment, and ineffectiveness. At an extreme, moral distress may lead to a desire to abandon the speciality entirely. This article offers an international perspective on moral distress in nephrology in diverse contexts and health care systems. We examine and discuss the sociocultural factors that contribute to moral distress in nephrology and offer suggestions for interventions from individual provider, facility, and health care systems perspectives to reduce the impact of moral distress on nephrology providers.
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    Genetic Research and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians
    Kowal, E ; Pearson, G ; Peacock, CS ; Jamieson, SE ; Blackwell, JM (SPRINGER, 2012-12)
    While human genetic research promises to deliver a range of health benefits to the population, genetic research that takes place in Indigenous communities has proven controversial. Indigenous peoples have raised concerns, including a lack of benefit to their communities, a diversion of attention and resources from non-genetic causes of health disparities and racism in health care, a reinforcement of "victim-blaming" approaches to health inequalities, and possible misuse of blood and tissue samples. Drawing on the international literature, this article reviews the ethical issues relevant to genetic research in Indigenous populations and considers how some of these have been negotiated in a genomic research project currently under way in a remote Aboriginal community. We consider how the different levels of Indigenous research governance operating in Australia impacted on the research project and discuss whether specific guidelines for the conduct of genetic research in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities are warranted.
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    Trespass, Animals and Democratic Engagement
    McCausland, C ; O'Sullivan, S ; Brenton, S (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2013-08-01)
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    Effects of Progesterone on Mammary Carcinogenesis by DMBA Applied Directly to Rat Mammae
    JABARA, AG ; MARKS, GN ; SUMMERS, JE ; ANDERSON, PS (Springer Nature, 1979-01-01)
    The effects and site(s) of action of progesterone on DMBA mammary carcinogenesis in the rat, when a small dose of the carcinogen was applied directly to the inguinal mammary gland, were investigated. No reduction in tumour yield was apparent when progesterone was administered s.c. for 18 days before dusting DMBA. This finding contrasts with a previously reported inhibitory effect on carcinogenesis when hormone treatment was followed by intragastric administration of DMBA. When progesterone injections were begun either 2 days before or 2 days after direct application of DMBA, and were continued until the end of the experiment (135 or 195 days) an enhancement in carcinogenesis was observed similar to that previously demonstrated after gastric intubation of DMBA. These findings, together with previously reported observations, suggest that progesterone may exert its inhibitory effect on carcinogenesis by acting at a site outside the breast, perhaps on the liver. However, it is likely that the hormone acts directly on the mammary tissue to exert its enhancing effect on tumorigenesis.