School of Social and Political Sciences - Research Publications

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    Inward foreign investment screening targets China: interdisciplinary perspectives*
    McCalman, P ; Puzzello, L ; Voon, T ; Walter, A (Edward Elgar Publishing, 2023-06-28)
    Screening of inward foreign investment in numerous countries worldwide has heightened in recent years for a range of reasons, one of which is the volume of Chinese outward investment. Moulding screening policies around concerns about Chinese investment has been a common pattern, particularly among developed countries and allies of the United States. The application of screening measures to Chinese investments in particular is also seen in recent practice in numerous countries. These developments create potential inconsistencies with international investment law, at least for those countries with an international investment agreement with China. The 2020 arbitral award in Global Telecom v Canada shows that even a provision that explicitly excludes investment screening decisions from a bilateral investment treaty may not apply to prevent all related investment treaty claims. The increased use of screening as a policy tool, with respect to China and otherwise, also raises questions about economic rationale and impact. Put simply, blocking a foreign investment proposal may have negative effects on shareholders, jobs and the economy itself, while even the existence of a restrictive screening regime and the threat of the imposition of conditions on a deal may dampen the appeal for foreign investors.
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    Policies for Active Aging and Their Family-Related Assumptions and Consequences
    Hamilton, M ; Timonen, V ; Craig, L ; Adamson, E ; Daly, M ; Gilbert, N ; Pfau-Effinger, B ; Besharov, D (Oxford University Press, 2023-03-30)
    Abstract Active aging—encouraging greater economic and social productivity of older adults—has become the dominant paradigm in public policies concerning older people in the Western world. This chapter identifies contradictions within the paradigm, and a failure to adequately situate it within the family lives of older people, drawing attention to the relational circumstances that shape opportunities to age actively. The chapter suggests that the active aging paradigm does not adequately recognize the intersections—and contradictions—between active aging policies, family policies, and national work/care regimes. The authors focus on the (lack of) alignment in aspirations pertaining to employment and unpaid work, and their gendered implications. Comparing Australia and Sweden, they conclude that the current employment and family policy settings generally serve to support the active aging agenda of improving labor market participation in later life in Sweden. The Australian case illustrates that encouraging greater economic and social productivity of older adults is problematic if it is inadequately situated within the family lives and life courses of older people. Successfully and sustainably encouraging older people into paid work requires recognition of family contributions as forms of social and economic productivity. Gender equality in economic participation in later life necessitates investment in gender equality earlier in women’s lives, when gendered patterns of economic participation emerge. Lack of alignment in aspirations pertaining to aging policy and family policy has gendered implications, which can undermine the success of active aging policies and cause economic disadvantage to women as they age over the life course.
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    Time for Good Care and Job Quality: Managing Stress among Older Workers in the Aged Care Sector
    Hart, A ; Bowman, D ; Mallett, S (ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2021-05-22)
    Improved job quality will make longer working lives in the aged care sector more sustainable. We interviewed 20 older aged care workers to identify which job characteristics are significant for health and to identify policy remedies. Workers take pleasure and pride in responding autonomously to a care recipient's situation, developing understanding, maintaining morale and performing intimate bodily care with dignity. However, a shortage of staff time requires workers to take a task-oriented approach. This causes worker stress and diminishes their desire and capacity to delay retirement. In the Australian context, regulating minimum staffing is the most suitable policy response.
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    Reimagining memorial spaces through digital technologies: A typology of CemTech
    Allison, F ; Nansen, B ; Gibbs, M ; Arnold, M ; Holleran, S ; Kohn, T (ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2023-11-01)
    Digital technologies are creating new ways for visitors to engage with cemeteries. This article presents research into the development of digital cemetery technologies, or cemtech, to understand how they are reimagining memorial spaces. Through a systematic review of examples of cemtech in online records, academic literature, patents, and trade publications, we developed a typology of cemtech according to four characteristics: application type, technical components, target users, and development status. Analysis of the application types resulted in five higher-level themes of functionality or operation-Wayfinding, Narrativizing, Presencing, Emplacing, and Repurposing-which we discuss. This typology and thematic analysis help to identify and understand the development of cemetery technology design trajectories and how they reimagine possibilities for cemetery use and experience.
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    Trajectories of Unpaid Labour and the Probability of Employment Precarity and Labour Force Detachment Among Prime Working-Age Australian Women
    Ervin, J ; Taouk, Y ; Hewitt, B ; King, T (SPRINGER, 2023-10)
    Abstract Worldwide, women are over-represented in precarious and insecure employment arrangements. Importantly, the high unpaid labour demands women experience over the life course compromise paid labour force participation for women. This study explores the way different trajectories of time spent in unpaid labour throughout women’s prime working and child-rearing years (from baseline age of 25–35 yrs to 42–52 yrs) are associated with indicators of precarious employment and labour force detachment later in life. We applied group-based trajectory modelling to 17 waves (2002–2018) of data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia survey to identify trajectories in unpaid labour. We then examined associations between these estimated trajectories and employment outcomes in wave 19 (2019). Our study shows that chronic exposure to high amounts of unpaid labour over prime working-age years (compared to lower exposure levels) increases women’s probability of precarious employment and labour force detachment later in prime working life. This provides evidence that ongoing inequity in the division of unpaid labour has considerable long-term implications for gender inequality in the paid labour force, and underscores the importance of urgently addressing how men and women share and prioritise time across both paid and unpaid labour domains.
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    When design meets power: design thinking, public sector innovation and the politics of policy-making
    Lewis, JM ; McGann, M ; Blomkamp, E (Policy Press, 2023-01-01)
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    'Don't play if you can't win': household disengagement in the Australian pension system
    Settle, A (ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2023-11-02)
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    Planetary Health: Capitalism, Ecology and Eco-Socialism
    Baer, HA ; Singer, M (Informa UK Limited, 2023-01-01)
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    From a 'good death' to a 'calm heart': Buddhist retailing meets self-care in contemporary Japan
    Gould, H (ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2023-05-04)