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    8th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention (IAS 2015).
    Pate, KM ; Pohlmeyer, C ; Walker-Sperling, V ; Foote, J ; Najarro, K ; Cryer, C ; Salgado, M ; Gama, L ; Engle, E ; Shirk, E ; Queen, S ; Chioma, S ; Vermillion, M ; Bullock, B ; Li, M ; Lyons, C ; Adams, R ; Zink, C ; Clements, J ; Mankowski, J ; Blankson, J ; Micci, L ; Ryan, E ; Fromentin, R ; Benne, C ; Chomont, N ; Lifson, J ; Paiardini, M ; Lee, S ; Chomont, N ; Fromentin, R ; Silicano, R ; Silicano, J ; Richman, D ; O'Doherty, U ; Palmer, S ; Burbelo, P ; Deeks, S ; Ghneim, K ; Ahlers, J ; Fourati, S ; Shive, C ; Cameron, M ; Mukerjee, P ; Ghannoum, M ; Rodriguez, B ; Deeks, S ; Lederman, M ; Sekaly, R ; Frange, P ; Faye, A ; Avettand-Fenoel, V ; Bellaton, E ; Deschamps, D ; Angin, M ; Caillat-Zucman, S ; Peytavin, G ; Le Chenadec, J ; Warszawski, J ; Rouzioux, C ; Saez-Cirion, A ; Chang, C ; Cameron, P ; Elliott, J ; Perelson, A ; Roche, M ; Dantanarayana, A ; Solomon, A ; Naranbhai, V ; Tenakoon, S ; Hoh, R ; McMahon, J ; Sikaris, K ; Hartogensis, W ; Bacchetti, P ; Hecht, F ; Lifson, J ; Deeks, S ; Lewin, S ; Byrareddy, S ; Arthos, J ; Cicala, C ; Reimann, K ; Parslow, T ; Santangelo, P ; Villinger, F ; Fauci, A ; Ansari, A ; George, M ; Weiser, B ; Burger, H ; Lewy, T ; Anastos, K ; Asmuth, D ; Somsouk, M ; Hunt, P ; Min, Z ; Miller, C ; Li, XD ; Hinkle, J ; Shaw, A ; Weaver, E ; Klein, G ; Viljoen, K ; Wendoh, J ; Karaoz, U ; Brodie, E ; Mulder, N ; Botha, G ; Kidzeru, E ; Butcher, J ; Gray, C ; Rosenthal, K ; Abimiku, A ; Cameron, B ; Stintzi, A ; Jaspan, H ; Schafer, J ; Evans, T ; Li, H ; Reeves, RK ; Kroon, M ; Dunning, L ; Hsiao, M ; Myer, L ; Crowell, CS ; Maiga, AI ; Sylla, M ; Taiwo, B ; Koné, N ; Murphy, RL ; Marcelin, A-G ; Traore, B ; Fofana, DB ; Chadwick, EG ; Ásbjörnsdóttir, KH ; Slyker, JA ; Wamalwa, D ; De Rosa, S ; Hughes, JP ; Rowhani-Rahbar, A ; Chohan, BH ; Benki-Nugent, S ; Tapia, K ; John-Stewart, GC ; Kizito, H ; Gaur, A ; Prasitsuebsai, W ; Rakhmanina, N ; Chokephaibulkit, K ; Fourie, J ; Bekker, L-G ; Shao, Y ; Bennett, S ; Quirk, E ; Prasitsuebsai, W ; Teeraananchai, S ; Truong, KH ; Ananworanich, J ; Chau, V ; Van Nguyen, L ; Kosalaraksa, ; Kurniati, N ; Sudjaritruk, T ; Chokephaibulkit, K ; Singtoroj, T ; Kerr, SJ ; Sohn, AH ; Lombaard, J ; Bunupuradah, T ; Flynn, P ; Ramapuram, J ; Ssali, F ; Crauwels, H ; Hoogstoel, A ; Van Eygen, V ; Stevens, M ; Boven, K ; Jao, J ; Myer, L ; Phillips, T ; Petro, G ; Zerbe, A ; Abrams, EJ ; Hanrahan, C ; Martinson, N ; Link-Barnes, G ; Msandiwa, R ; Chaisson, R ; Golub, J ; Evans, DH ; Schnippel, K ; Budgell, E ; Shearer, K ; Berhanu, R ; Long, L ; Rosen, S ; Schultze, A ; Efsen, AMW ; Post, FA ; Panteleev, A ; Furrer, H ; Miller, R ; Losso, MH ; Toibaro, J ; Skrahin, A ; Miro, JM ; Caylà, JA ; Girardi, E ; Bruyand, M ; Obel, N ; Podlekareva, DN ; Lundgren, JD ; Mocroft, A ; Kirk, O ; Baddeley, A ; Doherty, M ; Kanchar, A ; Matteelli, A ; Timimi, HB ; Getahun, H ; Hosseinipour, M ; Bisson, G ; Miyahara, S ; Sun, X ; Moses, A ; Riviere, C ; Kirui, FK ; Badal-Faesen, S ; Lagat, D ; Nyirenda, M ; Naidoo, K ; Hakim, J ; Mugyenyi, P ; Henostroza, G ; Leger, PD ; Lama, JR ; Mohapi, L ; Alave, J ; Mave, V ; Veloso, VG ; Pillay, S ; Kumarasamy, N ; Bao, J ; Hogg, E ; Jones, L ; Zolopa, A ; Kumwenda, J ; Gupta, A ; Cohen, M ; Chen, Y ; McCauley, M ; Gamble, T ; Hosseinipour, M ; Kumarasamy, N ; Hakim, J ; Kumwenda, N ; Brum, T ; Grinsztejn, B ; Godbole, S ; Chariyalertsak, S ; Santos, RB ; Mayer, K ; Hoffman, I ; Eshleman, S ; Piwowar-Manning, E ; Ou, S-S ; Cottle, L ; Makhema, J ; Mills, L ; Panchia, R ; Badal-Faesen, S ; Eron, J ; Gallant, J ; Havlir, D ; Swindells, S ; Elharrar, V ; Burns, D ; Taha, T ; Nielsen, K ; Celentano, D ; Essex, M ; Fleming, T ; Jean, K ; Puren, A ; Cutler, E ; Singh, B ; Bouscaillou, J ; Rain-Taljaard, R ; Taljjard, D ; Lissouba, P ; Peytavin, G ; Auvert, B ; Jenkins, L ; Nordio, J ; Vasarhelyi, K ; Nunez, A ; Barrios, R ; Rutherford, A ; Iwuji, C ; Dray-Spira, R ; Calmy, A ; Larmarange, J ; Orne-Gliemann, J ; Dabis, F ; Pillay, D ; Porter, K ; Barnabas, R ; van Rooyen, H ; Tumwesigye, E ; Brantley, J ; Baeten, J ; van Heerden, A ; Turyamureeba, B ; Joseph, P ; Krows, M ; Hughes, J ; Celum, C ; Eshleman, SH ; Hudelson, SE ; Ou, SS ; Redd, AD ; Swanstrom, R ; Porcella, SF ; Chen, YQ ; Piwowar-Manning, E ; McCauley, M ; Gamble, T ; Sievers, M ; Martens, CA ; Bruno, D ; Ping, L-H ; Dukhovlinova, E ; Quinn, TC ; Kumwenda, J ; Maliwichi, M ; Nhando, N ; Akelo, V ; Moyo, S ; Panchia, R ; Kumarasamy, N ; Chotirosniramit, N ; Rocha, MM ; Bustorff, F ; Grinsztejn, B ; Mayer, KH ; Hughes, JP ; Cohen, MS ; Haas, AD ; Tenthani, L ; Msukwa, MT ; Jahn, A ; Midiani, D ; Mhango, E ; Gadabu, O ; Tal, K ; Spörri, A ; Egger, M ; Chimbwandira, F ; van Oosterhout, JJ ; Keiser, O ; Rosenberg, N ; Mtande, T ; Saidi, F ; Stanley, C ; Jere, E ; Mwangomba, L ; Kumwenda, K ; Mofolo, I ; Mwale, M ; Chauma, A ; Miller, WC ; Hoffman, I ; Hosseinipour, MC ; Buzdugan, R ; McCoy, SI ; Watadzaushe, C ; Dufour, M-SK ; Petersen, M ; Dirawo, J ; Mushavi, A ; Mujuru, HA ; Mahomva, A ; Engelsmann, B ; Hakobyan, A ; Mugurungi, O ; Cowan, FM ; Padian, NS ; Lallemant, M ; Amzal, B ; Urien, S ; Sripan, P ; Cressey, T ; Ngo-Giang-Huong, N ; Rawangban, B ; Sabsanong, P ; Siriwachirachai, T ; Jarupanich, T ; Kanjanavikai, P ; Wanasiri, P ; Koetsawang, S ; Jourdain, G ; Le Cœur, S ; Ochoa-Moreno, I ; Mangenah, C ; Buzdugan, R ; Padian, NS ; Mccoy, SI ; Cowan, FM ; Bautista-Arredondo, S ; Wambura, M ; Hayes, R ; Grund, J ; Kapiga, S ; Mahler, H ; Mshana, G ; Kuringe, E ; Plotkin, M ; Bock, N ; Larke, N ; Changalucha, J ; Weiss, H ; Thirumurthy, H ; Akello, I ; Murray, K ; Masters, S ; Maman, S ; Omanga, E ; Agot, K ; Duwve, J ; Hoover, K ; Conrad, C ; Galang, R ; Hillman, D ; Hoots, B ; Patel, M ; Peters, P ; Pontones, P ; Roseberry, J ; Shields, J ; Waterhouse, D ; Weidle, P ; Galang, RR ; Gentry, J ; Peters, PJ ; Blosser, SJ ; Chapman, EL ; Conrad, C ; Duwve, JM ; Ganova-Raeva, L ; Heneine, W ; Hillman, D ; Jia, H ; Liu, L ; Luo, W ; Lovchik, J ; Masciotra, S ; Owen, SM ; Perez, A ; Peyrani, P ; Pontones, P ; Ramachandran, S ; Roseberry, JC ; Sandoval, M ; Shankar, A ; Thai, H ; Xia, G ; Khudyakov, Y ; Switzer, WM ; Mannheimer, S ; Hirsch-Moverman, Y ; Loquere, A ; Franks, J ; Hughes, J ; Ou, S-S ; Amico, KR ; Hendrix, C ; Dye, BJ ; Piwowar-Manning, E ; Marzinke, M ; Elharrar, V ; Stirratt, M ; Grant, RM ; Holtz, TH ; Chitwarakorn, A ; Curlin, ME ; Hughes, J ; Amico, KR ; Hendrix, C ; Dye, BJ ; Anderson, PL ; Ou, S-S ; Elharrar, V ; Eshleman, SH ; Stirratt, M ; Grant, RM ; Doherty, M ; Beusenberg, M ; Asamoah-Odei, E ; Lule, F ; Pendse, R ; Ghidinelli, M ; Lo, Y-R ; Reidner, G ; Donoghoe, M ; Vitoria, M ; Hirnschall, G ; Levi, J ; Raymond, A ; Pozniak, A ; Vernazza, P ; Kohler, P ; Ford, N ; Hill, A ; Wolff, M ; Cortes, CP ; Shepherd, BE ; Giganti, M ; Gowan, CM ; Rawat, A ; Uebel, KE ; Moore, D ; Yassi, A ; Wilkinson, L ; Harley, B ; Jacobs, S ; Cragg, C ; Kriel, E ; Solomon, S ; Peton, N ; Jennings, K ; Youngleson, M ; Grimsrud, A ; Joy, J ; Liang, R ; McCloskey, R ; Nguyen, T ; Brumme, C ; Colley, G ; Hogg, R ; Montaner, J ; Harrigan, PR ; Poon, A ; Klein, K ; Ratcliff, A ; Nickel, G ; Nankya, I ; Lobritz, M ; Gao, Y ; Shattock, R ; Arts, E ; Kinloch, NN ; Macmillan, DR ; Le, AQ ; Cotton, LA ; Mccloskey, R ; Bangsberg, DR ; Buchbinder, S ; Carrington, M ; Fuchs, J ; Harrigan, PR ; Koblin, B ; Markowitz, M ; Mayer, K ; Milloy, MJ ; Schechter, MT ; Wagner, T ; Walker, BD ; Carlson, JM ; Poon, AFY ; Brumme, ZL ; Mesplède, T ; Anstett, K ; Osman, N ; Hassounah, S ; Liang, J ; Han, Y ; Wainberg, M ; Demeulemeester, J ; Vets, S ; Schrijvers, R ; Madlala, P ; De Maeyer, M ; De Rijck, J ; Ndung'u, T ; Debyser, Z ; Gijsbers, R ; Prentice, H ; Tomaras, G ; Geraghty, D ; Apps, R ; Fong, Y ; Ehrenberg, P ; Rolland, M ; Kijak, G ; Nelson, W ; Decamp, A ; Shen, X ; Yates, N ; Zolla-Pazner, S ; Nitayaphan, S ; Rerks-Ngarm, S ; Pitisuttithum, P ; Ferrari, G ; Montefiori, D ; McElrath, J ; Bailer, R ; Koup, R ; O'Connell, R ; Robb, M ; Michael, N ; Kim, J ; Thomas, R ; Peterson, C ; Wang, J ; Polacino, P ; Holmes, M ; Hu, S-L ; Gregory, P ; Kiem, H-P ; Kaminski, R ; Hu, W ; Zhang, Y ; Karn, J ; Khalili, K ; Chew, G ; Fujita, T ; Clayton, K ; Ishii, N ; Abdel-Mohsen, M ; Liegler, T ; Hecht, F ; Ostrowski, M ; Shikuma, C ; Maurer, M ; Korman, A ; Deeks, S ; Ndhlovu, L ; Karn, J ; Das, B ; Dobrowolski, C ; Scully, E ; Deeks, S ; Gandhi, M ; Johnston, R ; Bunupuradah, T ; Kiertiburanakul, S ; Avihingsanon, A ; Chetchotisakd, P ; Techapornroong, M ; Leerattanapetch, N ; Kantipong, P ; Bowonwatanuwong, C ; Banchongkit, S ; Klinbuayaem, V ; Mekviwattanawan, S ; Nimitvilai, S ; Jirajariyavej, S ; Prasithsirikul, W ; Munsakul, W ; Bhakeecheep, S ; Chaivooth, S ; Phanuphak, P ; Cooper, DA ; Apornpong, T ; Kerr, SJ ; Emery, S ; Ruxrungtham, K ; Mills, T ; Andrade, J ; Diperri, G ; Van Lunzen, J ; Koenig, E ; Elion, R ; Cavassini, M ; Madruga, JV ; Brunetta, J ; Shamblaw, D ; Dejesus, E ; Cohen, C ; Plummer, A ; Liu, Y ; McCallister, S ; Gupta, S ; Pozniak, A ; Arribas, J ; Post, F ; Bloch, M ; Gathe, J ; Benson, P ; Custodio, J ; Abram, M ; Wei, X ; Cheng, A ; McCallister, S ; Fordyce, M ; Gatell, J ; Raffi, F ; Plettenberg, A ; Smith, D ; Portilla, J ; Hoffmann, C ; Arasteh, K ; Thompson, M ; Hagins, D ; Morales-Ramirez, J ; Xu, X ; Teppler, H ; Trahan, M-J ; Lamarre, V ; Metras, M-E ; Lapointe, N ; Kakkar, F ; Hwang, C ; Schürmann, D ; Sobotha, C ; Boffito, M ; Sevinsky, H ; Ray, N ; Ravindran, P ; Xiao, H ; Krystal, M ; Dicker, I ; Grasela, D ; Lataillade, M ; Brunet, L ; Moodie, EE ; Young, J ; Walmsley, S ; Hull, M ; Cooper, C ; Klein, MB ; Naggie, S ; Cooper, C ; Saag, M ; Yang, JC ; Stamm, LM ; Pang, PS ; McHutchison, JG ; Dieterich, D ; Sulkowski, MS ; Wyles, D ; Eron, JJ ; Lalezari, J ; Wang, C ; Ruane, PJ ; Blick, G ; Bhatti, L ; Hu, YB ; Co, M ; Gibbons, K ; Trinh, R ; Sulkowski, MS ; Casado, JL ; Bañon, S ; Quereda, C ; Moreno, A ; Elías, MJP ; Moreno, S ; Saeed, S ; Rollet-Kurhajec, K ; Strumpf, EC ; Klein, MB ; Rockstroh, JK ; Nelson, M ; Katlama, C ; Lalezari, J ; Mallolas, J ; Bloch, M ; Matthews, G ; Saag, MS ; Zamor, P ; Orkin, C ; Gress, J ; Shaughnessy, M ; Klopfer, S ; Platt, HL ; Robertson, M ; Sulkowski, M ; Lacombe, K ; Fontaine, H ; Dhiver, C ; Rosenthal, E ; Metivier, S ; Antonini-Michelle, T ; Valantin, MA ; Miailhes, P ; Harent, S ; Batisse, D ; Pageaux, G-P ; Aumaitre, H ; Dominguez, S ; Chas, J ; Allegre, T ; Lafeuillade, A ; De Truchis, P ; De Ledinghen, V ; Leroy, V ; Billaud, E ; Sogni, P ; Dabis, F ; Wittkop, L ; Duvivier, C ; Filipovics, A ; Fedchuk, L ; Bennai, Y ; Salmon, D ; Karim, QA ; Leask, K ; Kharsany, A ; Humphries, H ; Ntombela, F ; Samsunder, N ; Baxter, C ; Frohlich, J ; van der Elst, L ; Karim, SA ; Thirumurthy, H ; Masters, S ; Rao, S ; Murray, K ; Omanga, E ; Agot, K ; Marshall, BDL ; Elston, B ; Dobrer, S ; Montaner, J ; Kerr, T ; Wood, E ; Milloy, M-J ; Czaicki, N ; Njau, P ; Bautista-Arredondo, S ; Simba, O ; Padian, N ; McCoy, S ; Haber, N ; Tanser, F ; Herbst, K ; Pillay, D ; Bärnighausen, T ; Pettifor, A ; MacPhail, C ; Selin, A ; Gomez-Olivé, X ; Hughes, J ; Wagner, R ; Mabuza, W ; Mokoena, I ; Eshleman, S ; Piwowar-Manning, E ; Twine, R ; Julien, A ; Marcus, C ; Andrew, P ; Wang, J ; Xing, Y ; McKinstry, L ; Hamilton, E ; Agyei, Y ; Allison, S ; Sato, P ; Townley, E ; Tollman, S ; Kahn, K ; Solomon, MM ; Schechter, M ; Liu, AY ; McMahan, V ; Guanira, JV ; Hance, RJ ; Chariyalertsak, S ; Mayer, KH ; Grant, RM ; Liu, A ; Cohen, S ; Vittinghoff, E ; Anderson, P ; Doblecki-Lewis, S ; Bacon, O ; Chege, W ; Elion, R ; Buchbinder, S ; Kolber, M ; Henderson, F ; Taylor, A ; Chirwa, L ; Williams, T ; Borkowf, C ; Kasonde, M ; Mutanhaurwa, R ; Matlhaba, O ; Hageman, K ; Casillas, P ; Hosek, S ; Rudy, B ; Landovitz, R ; Kapogiannis, B ; Siberry, G ; Liu, N ; Rutledge, B ; Brothers, J ; Rooney, J ; Wilson, CM ; Hoagland, B ; Veloso, VG ; De Boni, RB ; Madruga, JV ; Kallas, EG ; Fernandes, NM ; Moreira, RI ; Liu, AY ; Grinsztejn, B ; Nair, G ; Justman, JE ; Piper, J ; Marzinke, M ; Hendrix, C ; Dai, J ; Pan, J ; Galaska, B ; Levy, L ; Shwartz, J ; McGowan, I ; Dezutti, C ; Xu, J ; Tang, W ; Zou, H ; Mahapatra, T ; Hu, Q ; Fu, G ; Wang, Z ; Lu, L ; Zhuang, M ; Chen, X ; Fu, J ; Yu, Y ; Lu, J ; Jiang, Y ; Geng, W ; Han, X ; Shang, H ; Wimonsate, W ; Pattanasin, S ; Sriporn, A ; Luechai, P ; Satumay, K ; Tippanonth, N ; Promda, N ; Holtz, T ; Chitwarakorn, A ; Dunne, E ; Chan, G ; Bennett, A ; Buskin, S ; Dombrowski, J ; Golden, M ; Grosso, A ; Stahlman, S ; Mothopeng, T ; Taruberekera, N ; Ouedraogo, G ; Ky-Zerbo, O ; Pitche, V ; Anato, S ; Sithole, B ; Mabuza, X ; Ceesay, N ; Diouf, D ; Trapence, G ; Umar, E ; Baral, S ; Khosropour, CM ; Katz, DA ; Dombrowski, JC ; Golden, MR ; Bavinton, BR ; Jin, F ; Prestage, G ; Zablotska, I ; Grinsztejn, B ; Phanuphak, N ; Friedman, RK ; Grulich, AE ; Sathane, I ; Horth, R ; Boothe, M ; Baltazar, CS ; Young, P ; Fisher, H ; Teodoro, E ; Gouveia, ML ; Lane, T ; Mcfarland, W ; Booth, R ; Davis, J ; Dvoryak, S ; Brewster, J ; Strathdee, S ; Latkin, C ; Joseph, B ; Milloy, MJ ; Nguyen, HH ; Bui, DD ; Dinh, TTT ; Nguyen, MS ; Tran, HT ; Le Hai Nguyen, ; Van Nguyen, TT ; Vu, QD ; Nhan, T ; Le, AKA ; Nguyen, BC ; Suthar, A ; Lo, Y-R ; Pham, HT ; Le, MG ; Nguyen, HL ; Kato, M ; Richardson, L ; Kerr, T ; Hogg, B ; Guillemi, S ; Montaner, J ; Wood, E ; Milloy, M-J ; Cousien, A ; Leclerc, P ; Morissette, C ; Bruneau, J ; Roy, É ; Yazdanpanah, Y ; Cox, J ; Bershteyn, A ; Klein, D ; Oishi, K ; Eckhoff, P ; Leisegang, R ; Mcmahon, J ; Hislop, M ; Stinson, K ; Boulle, A ; Elliott, J ; Maartens, G ; Kim, A ; Nganga, L ; Mukui, I ; Wamicwe, J ; Mwanyumba, S ; Bowen, N ; Wiesner, L ; De Cock, K ; Han, L ; Tang, W ; Best, J ; Zhang, Y ; Kim, J ; Liu, F ; Mollan, K ; Hudgens, M ; Bayus, B ; Terris-Prestholt, F ; Galler, S ; Yang, L ; Peeling, R ; Volberding, P ; Ma, B ; Yang, B ; Huang, S ; Fenton, K ; Wei, C ; Tucker, J ; Dombrowski, JC ; Hughes, JP ; Buskin, SE ; Simoni, JM ; Katz, D ; Fleming, M ; Nunez, A ; Golden, MR ; Schmitz, K ; Scheepers, E ; Okonji, E ; Kawooya, V ; Yotebieng, M ; Thirumurthy, H ; Moracco, KE ; Kawende, B ; Chalachala, JL ; Wenzi, LK ; Ravelomanana, NLR ; Edmonds, A ; Thompson, D ; Okitolonda, E ; Behets, F ; Musarandega, R ; Mahomva, A ; Robinson, J ; Tumbare, E ; Sen, PD ; Hakobyan, A ; Mushavi, A ; Domercant, JW ; Puttkammer, N ; Lu, L ; Francois, K ; Duncan, D ; Grand'Pierre, R ; Lowrance, D ; Adler, M ; Tih, PM ; Katayi, E ; Mboh, E ; Bonje, E ; Lem, E ; Awa, JC ; Lim, JR ; Duncan, D ; Petit, L ; Bianchi, F ; Welty, T ; Achu, MN ; Tayong, G ; Tene, G ; Mosoko, JJ ; Bolu, O ; Kieffer, MP ; Woelk, G ; Mpofu, D ; Cathcart, R ; Okala, SG ; King, DF ; Shattock, RJ ; Jacob, RA ; Moyo, T ; Schomaker, M ; Abrahams, F ; Pujol, BG ; Dorfman, J ; Valenzuela-Ponce, H ; Ávila-Ríos, S ; Garrido-Rodríguez, D ; García-Téllez, T ; Soto-Nava, M ; Escamilla-Gómez, T ; García-Morales, C ; Cortés-Álvarez, J ; Hernández-Juan, R ; Murakami-Ogasawara, A ; Mejía-Villatoro, C ; Pascale, J ; Porras, G ; Quant, C ; Lorenzana, I ; Meza, R ; Palou, E ; Manzanero, M ; Reyes-Terán, G ; Mailiiard, RB ; Smith, KN ; Piazza, P ; Mullins, JI ; Rinaldo, CR ; Planas, D ; Gosselin, A ; Monteiro, P ; Goulet, J-P ; Da Fonseca, S ; Cléret-Buhot, A ; Jenabian, M-A ; Routy, J-P ; Ancuta, P ; Jensen, K ; dela Pena-Ponce, MG ; Piatak, M ; Jacobs, W ; Fennelly, G ; Mollan, K ; Hudgens, M ; Kozlowski, P ; Amedee, A ; Estes, J ; Lifson, J ; Van Rompay, K ; Larsen, M ; De Paris, K ; Malatinkova, E ; De Spiegelaere, W ; Bonczkowski, P ; Kiselinova, M ; Vervisch, K ; Trypsteen, W ; Johnson, M ; Verhofstede, C ; de Looze, D ; Murray, C ; Loes, SK-D ; Vandekerckhove, L ; Fletcher, JLK ; Pinyakorn, S ; de Souza, M ; Akapirat, S ; Trichavaroj, R ; Pankam, T ; Kroon, E ; Colby, D ; Prueksakaew, P ; Suttichom, D ; Kim, JH ; Phanuphak, P ; Phanuphak, N ; Ananworanich, J ; Vandendriessche, A ; Mourez, T ; Lemée, V ; Debab, Y ; Peytavin, G ; Ladner, J ; Caron, F ; Plantier, J-C ; Leporrier, J ; Colby, D ; Phanuphak, N ; Sirivichayakul, S ; Prueksakaew, P ; Saengtawan, P ; Trichavaroj, R ; Crowell, T ; Kim, J ; Ananworanich, J ; Phanuphak, P ; Argento, E ; Duff, P ; Bingham, B ; Nguyen, P ; Strathdee, S ; Shannon, K ; Namey, E ; Perry, B ; Headley, J ; Yao, KA ; Ouattara, M ; Shighata, C ; Ferguson, M ; Lane, T ; Sibanyoni, M ; Manyuchi, A ; Osmand, T ; Marr, A ; Grasso, M ; Isdahl, Z ; Mutanha, N ; Makhubela, P ; Silima, M ; Zuma, N ; Struthers, H ; McIntyre, J ; Rees, H ; Venter, F ; Lancaster, K ; Lungu, T ; Hosseinipour, M ; Chadwick, K ; Dibb, Z ; Go, VF ; Pence, BW ; Powers, KA ; Hoffman, IF ; Miller, WC ; Sedaghat, A ; Karamouzian, M ; Sharifi, H ; Mirzazadeh, A ; Shokoohi, M ; Haghdoost, A ; Schwartz, S ; Lambert, A ; Phaswana-Mafuya, N ; Holland, C ; Kose, Z ; Mcingana, M ; Sweitzer, S ; Baral, S ; Grimsrud, A ; Lesosky, M ; Kalombo, C ; Bekker, L-G ; Myer, L ; Caballero, P ; Da Silva, CM ; Da Cruz, M ; Plazy, M ; ElFarouki, K ; Iwuji, C ; Okesola, N ; Orne-Gliemann, J ; Larmarange, J ; Newell, M-L ; Pillay, D ; Dabis, F ; Dray-Spira, R ; Rebeiro, PF ; Cesar, C ; Shepherd, BE ; De Boni, RB ; Cortés, C ; Rodriguez, F ; Belaunzarán-Zamudio, P ; Pape, JW ; Padgett, D ; Hoces, D ; McGowan, CC ; Cahn, P ; Pilcher, C ; Hatano, H ; Dasgupta, A ; Jones, D ; Torres, S ; Calderon, F ; Ospina-Norvell, C ; Hartogensis, W ; Demicco, E ; Geng, E ; Gandhi, M ; Havlir, D ; Wagner, A ; Njuguna, I ; Mugo, C ; Inwani, I ; Maleche-Obimbo, E ; Sherr, K ; Wamalwa, D ; John-Stewart, G ; Slyker, J ; Bandason, T ; Mchugh, G ; Ferrand, R ; Munyati, S ; Kranzer, K ; Chonzi, P ; Elyanu, P ; Magongo, E ; Asire, B ; Lukabwe, I ; Bitimwine, H ; Katureebe, C ; Achii, P ; Mulema, V ; Dziuban, E ; Sugandhi, N ; Musiime, V ; Namuwenge, N ; Musinguzi, J ; Manno, EC ; Bamford, A ; Conejo, PR ; Marquez, L ; Mellado, MJ ; Muñoz-Fernández, MÁ ; Spoulou, V ; Klein, N ; Ananworanich, J ; Della Negra, M ; Ziegler, JB ; Meanson, E ; Lyall, H ; Shingadia, D ; Di Biagio, A ; Giacomet, V ; Vibeke, R ; de Sousa Marques, HH ; Salo, E ; Volokha, A ; Scherpbier, HJ ; Niehues, T ; Levy, J ; Marczynska, M ; Mardarescu, M ; Reliquet, V ; Giaquinto, C ; Bernardi, S ; Palma, P ; Ronen, K ; Mcgrath, C ; Langat, A ; Kinuthia, J ; Omolo, D ; Singa, B ; Katana, A ; Nganga, L ; John-Stewart, G ; Krebs, E ; Min, JE ; Barrios, R ; Montaner, J ; Nosyk, B ; Kelly, S ; Shattock, A ; Kerr, C ; Stuart, R ; Papoyan, A ; Grigoryan, T ; Hovhannisyan, R ; Grigoryan, S ; Wilson, D ; Rajkotia, Y ; Zang, O ; Nguimkeu, P ; Djurovic, I ; Estill, J ; Ford, N ; Salazar-Vizcaya, L ; Haas, A ; Blaser, N ; Egger, M ; Habiyambere, V ; Keiser, O ; Chuma, B ; Koseki, S ; Musau, S ; Johns, B ; Gatome-Munyua, A ; Honermann, B ; Millett, G ; Lindsey, K ; Wijayaratne, S ; Sherwood, J ; MacAllister, J ; Le, A ; Taylor, J ; Dong, W ; McCloskey, R ; Woods, C ; Hayashi, K ; Milloy, M-J ; Harrigan, PR ; Poon, AF ; Brumme, ZL ; Garrido-Rodriguez, D ; Avila-Rios, S ; Valenzuela-Ponce, H ; García-Tellez, T ; Quiroz-Morales, V ; García-Morales, C ; Soto-Nava, M ; Murakami-Ogasawara, A ; Fernandez-Lopez, JC ; Terán, GR ; Alcami, J ; Bermejo, M ; Descours, B ; Mateos, E ; Lederman, MM ; Benkirane, M ; Coiras, M ; Purcell, D ; Jacobson, J ; Harty, L ; Jarman, K ; Lackovic, K ; Khoury, G ; Mota, T ; Lee, M ; Bernardi, G ; Saleh, S ; Sonza, S ; Lewin, S ; Capoferri, A ; Sievers, M ; Redd, A ; Cash, A ; Xu, D ; Porcella, SF ; Quinn, T ; Siliciano, RF ; Levis, M ; Ambinder, RF ; Durand, CM ; Lee, S-K ; Zhou, S ; Archin, N ; Margolis, D ; Swanstrom, R ; Alcaide, M ; Chisembele, M ; Malupande, E ; Arheart, K ; Jones, D ; Fischl, M ; Vicol, LA ; Hornsberger, A ; Pick, N ; Van Schalkwyk, J ; Bloomenthal, D ; Christilaw, J ; Money, D ; Pyra, M ; Heffron, R ; Mugo, NR ; Nanda, K ; Thomas, KK ; Celum, C ; Kourtis, AP ; Baeten, JM ; Ajibola, G ; Shapiro, R ; Zash, R ; Holmes, L ; Batlang, O ; Ramogothobeng, K ; Chilisa, F ; Bennett, K ; Makhema, J ; Lockman, S ; Powis, K ; Lippman, SA ; Pettifor, AP ; Neilands, TB ; MacPhail, C ; Peacock, D ; Maman, S ; Twine, R ; Selin, A ; Kahn, K ; Derksen, L ; Muula, A ; van Oosterhout, J ; van Lettow, M ; Matengeni, A ; Sodhi, S ; Katz, D ; Golden, M ; Hughes, J ; Farquhar, C ; Stekler, J ; Lippman, SA ; Moran, ME ; Ventura, A ; Castillo, LS ; Buchbinder, S ; Treves-Kagan, S ; Sevelius, JM ; Mavedzenge, SN ; Sibanda, E ; Mavengere, Y ; Hatzold, K ; Mugurungi, O ; Ncube, G ; Cowan, F ; Muffih, PT ; Mboh, E ; Fang, E ; Wainfen, W ; Fon, H ; Welty, T ; Shields, R ; Golden, M ; Bachireddy, C ; Izenberg, J ; Soule, M ; Dvoryak, S ; Altice, F ; Nosyk, B ; Min, JE ; Evans, E ; Li, L ; Liu, L ; Lima, V ; Wood, E ; Montaner, J ; Beletsky, L ; Gonzalez-Zuniga, P ; Rangel, G ; Werb, D ; Arredondo, J ; Strathdee, SA ; Lambdin, BH ; Nyandindi, C ; Bruce, D ; Sabuni, N ; Magimba, A ; Matiko, E ; Milloy, M-J ; Kerr, T ; Hogg, R ; Guillemi, S ; Montaner, J ; Wood, E ; Merlini, E ; Iannuzzi, F ; Bai, F ; Trunfio, M ; Bonora, S ; Calcagno, A ; Cannizzo, ES ; Basilissi, M ; Bini, T ; Monforte, AD ; Marchetti, G ; O'Brien, M ; Manches, O ; Wilen, C ; Wu, V ; Sunseri, N ; Bhardwaj, N ; Bego, MG ; Côté, ÉA ; Aschman, N ; Mercier, J ; Weissenhorn, W ; Cohen, ÉA ; Turrini, F ; Kajaste-Rudnitski, A ; Marelli, SS ; Van Lint, C ; Das, AT ; Berkout, B ; Vicenzi, E ; Simpson, S ; deSilva, T ; Yindom, L-M ; Leligdowicz, A ; Vincent, T ; Rowland-Jones, S ; Webb, GM ; Chew, GM ; Fujita, T ; Burwitz, BJ ; Wu, HL ; Reed, JS ; Hammond, KB ; Hansen, SG ; Maurer, M ; Korman, AJ ; Ndhlovu, LC ; Sacha, JB ; Esser, S ; Geisel, MHM ; Arendt, M ; Schulze, C ; Holzendorf, V ; Warnke, A ; Brockmeyer, NH ; Hower, M ; Schadendorf, D ; Neumann, T ; Eisele, L ; Erbel, R ; Moebus, S ; Jöckel, K-H ; Reinsch, N ; Hamzah, L ; Tiraboschi, JM ; Toby, M ; Iveson, H ; Mant, C ; John, C ; Burling, K ; Kulasegaram, R ; Teague, A ; Post, FA ; Fox, J ; Grant, P ; Kitch, D ; McComsey, G ; Collier, A ; Koletar, S ; Erlandson, K ; Yin, M ; Bartali, B ; Ha, B ; Melbourne, K ; Brown, T ; Sudjaritruk, T ; Bunupuradah, T ; Aurpibul, L ; Kosalaraksa, ; Kurniati, N ; Puthanakit, T ; Spinner, CD ; Kern, KE ; Noe, S ; von Werder, A ; Schwerdtfeger, C ; Schmid, RM ; Zink, A ; Wolf, E ; Iakoubov, R ; Paraskevis, D ; Nikolopoulos, G ; Sypsa, V ; Psichogiou, M ; Malliori, M ; Friedman, SR ; Hatzakis, A ; Thompson, LH ; Wertheim, JO ; Reza, T ; Wylie, JL ; Emmanuel, F ; Brooks, J ; Blanchard, JF ; Sandstrom, P ; Tee, KK ; Kantor, R ; Sungkanuparph, S ; Takebe, Y ; Li, P ; Ditangco, R ; Phanuphak, P ; Sirisanthana, T ; Sim, B ; Ratanasuwan, W ; Kantipong, P ; Mustafa, M ; Merati, TP ; Jiamsakul, A ; Singtoroj, T ; Kamarulzaman, A ; Sulaberidze, L ; Mirzazadeh, A ; Chikovani, I ; Shengelia, N ; Tsereteli, N ; Gotsadze, G ; Mulawa, M ; Reyes, H ; Foshee, V ; Halpern, C ; Kajula, L ; Maman, S ; Treves-Kagan, S ; Ayadi, AE ; Pettifor, A ; MacPhail, C ; Twine, R ; Maman, S ; Kahn, K ; Lippman, SA ; Camlin, CS ; Ssemmondo, E ; Chamie, G ; Kwarisiima, D ; Sang, N ; Bukusi, EA ; Cohen, CR ; Kamya, MR ; Havlir, D ; Schley, A ; Skowronska, E ; Okonji, E ; Scheepers, E ; Feldacker, C ; Myers, S ; Cesar, F ; Parades, Z ; Ferrao, C ; Citao, SC ; Mudender, F ; Golden, M ; Mark, J ; Kinuthia, J ; Osoti, A ; Gone, M ; Asila, V ; Parikh, S ; Krakowiak, D ; Betz, B ; Richardson, B ; Roxby, A ; Farquhar, C ; Pina, C ; Dange, A ; Neytra, S ; Kambli, H ; Karambe, S ; Chhabra, R ; Patel, V ; Ndlovu, B ; Hermanus, T ; Tumba, N ; Moore, P ; Jaggernath, M ; Walker, BD ; Morris, L ; Ndung'u, T ; Leitman, EM ; Hurst, J ; Mori, M ; Matthews, PC ; Frahm, N ; Kublin, J ; Gray, GE ; Goulder, PJ ; Demarco, T ; Rountree, W ; Hora, B ; Chen, Y ; Keinonen, S ; Racz, L ; Daniell, L ; Louzao, R ; Sanchez, A ; Busch, M ; Denny, T ; Gao, F ; Johnson, A ; Jacob, R ; Haeryfar, M ; Dikeakos, J ; Mohammed, T ; Gaseitsiwe, S ; Matlhagela, K ; Matsheka, M ; Moyo, S ; Musonda, R ; Moukambi, F ; Rabezanahary, H ; Rodrigues, V ; Estaquier, J ; Ndjoyi-Mbiguino, A ; Nzengui, GFN ; Kamdem, HM ; Bélec, L ; Viana, R ; Xaba, T ; Stojiljkovic, T ; Gunther, N ; Wallis, C ; Grimsrud, A ; Cornell, M ; Schomaker, M ; Fox, MP ; Orrell, C ; Prozesky, H ; Stinson, K ; Tanser, F ; Egger, M ; Myer, L ; Nsumba, MS ; Barbara, C ; Musomba, RZ ; Kaimal, A ; Ivan, K ; Isaac, L ; Laurence, J ; Rosalind, P-R ; Andrew, K ; Khan, A ; Hans, L ; Gonzales, L ; Carmona, S ; Hsiao, N-Y ; Brophy, J ; Lee, T ; Sauve, L ; Bitnun, A ; Singer, J ; Kakkar, F ; Lapointe, N ; Alimenti, A ; Money, D ; Vaudry, W ; Samson, L ; Singer, J ; Bitnun, A ; Lee, T ; Samson, L ; Brophy, J ; Money, D ; Alimenti, A ; Vaudry, W ; Kakkar, F ; Lapointe, N ; Sauve, L ; du Lou, AD ; Pannetier, J ; Ravalihasy, A ; Gosselin, A ; Supervie, V ; Bajos, N ; Lert, F ; Lydie, N ; Dray-Spira, R ; Kerani, R ; Herbeck, J ; Buskin, S ; Dombrowski, J ; Bennett, A ; Barash, E ; Barbee, L ; Golden, M ; Chang, L ; Grabowski, MK ; Ssekubugu, R ; Nalugoda, F ; Reynolds, S ; Lessler, J ; Moore, S ; Quinn, T ; Gray, R ; Serwadda, D ; Wawer, M ; Ramachandran, A ; Manabe, Y ; Rajasingham, R ; Shah, M ; Schwarz, M ; Flick, R ; Harawa, M ; Simon, K ; Kim, M ; Robison, J ; Ahmed, S ; Schramm, B ; Tayea, A ; Wolters, L ; Nicholas, S ; Masiku, CW ; Zolowere, DB ; Mhango, E ; Kandulu, JR ; Etard, J-F ; Amaros, I ; Szumilin, E ; Gueguen, M ; Ndulue, N ; Etsetowaghan, A ; Gabriel, C ; Ibrahim, J ; Seclen-Palacin, J ; Natumanya, E ; Nabitaka, L ; Bitarakwate, E ; Ismail, S ; Moshgabadi, N ; Galli, R ; Daly, A ; Ko, SMS ; Zhang, M ; Westgard, T ; Bulpitt, A ; Shackleton, CR (Wiley, 2015)
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    A randomized trial of vorinostat with treatment interruption after initiating antiretroviral therapy during acute HIV-1 infection
    Kroon, EDMD ; Ananworanich, J ; Pagliuzza, A ; Rhodes, A ; Phanuphak, N ; Trautmann, L ; Mitchell, JL ; Chintanaphol, M ; Intasan, J ; Pinyakorn, S ; Benjapornpong, K ; Chang, JJ ; Colby, DJ ; Chomchey, N ; Fletcher, JLK ; Eubanks, K ; Yang, H ; Kapson, J ; Dantanarayana, A ; Tennakoon, S ; Gorelick, RJ ; Maldarelli, F ; Robb, ML ; Kim, JH ; Spudich, S ; Chomont, N ; Phanuphak, P ; Lewin, SR ; de Souza, MS (MEDISCRIPT LTD, 2020-09)
    OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: A randomized, open-label pilot study in individuals treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) since acute HIV infection (AHI) with a regimen including a histone deacetylase inhibitor to induce HIV from latency and control HIV replication during subsequent treatment interruption (TI). METHODS: Fifteen participants who initiated ART at AHI were randomized to vorinostat/hydroxychloroquine/maraviroc (VHM) plus ART (n ​= ​10) or ART alone (n ​= ​5). The VHM arm received three 14-day vorinostat cycles within 10 weeks before TI. ART was resumed for plasma viral load (VL) ​> ​1,000 HIV RNA copies/mL. Primary outcome was proportion of participants on VHM ​+ ​ART versus ART only with VL ​< ​50 copies/mL for 24 weeks after TI. RESULTS: Fifteen participants on ART (median: 178 weeks: range 79-295) enrolled. Two on VHM ​+ ​ART experienced serious adverse events. Fourteen participants underwent TI; all experienced VL rebound with no difference in time between arms: VHM ​+ ​ART (n ​= ​9) median: 4 weeks and ART only (n ​= ​5) median: 5 weeks. VHM induced a 2.2-fold increase in VL (p ​= ​0.008) by single-copy HIV RNA assay after the first cycle. Neopterin levels increased significantly following the first two cycles. After VHM treatment, the frequencies of peripheral blood mononuclear cells harboring total HIV DNA and cell-associated RNA were unchanged. All participants achieved VL suppression following ART re-initiation. CONCLUSIONS: Administration of VHM increased HIV VL in plasma, but this was not sustained. VHM did not impact time to viral rebound following TI and had no impact on the size of the HIV reservoir, suggesting that HIV reservoir elimination will require alternative treatment strategies.
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    Leveraging the advances in HIV for COVID-19
    McMahon, JH ; Hoy, JF ; Kamarulzaman, A ; Bekker, L-G ; Beyrer, C ; Lewin, SR (ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2020-10-03)
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    2018 international meeting of the Global Virus Network
    Brechot, C ; Bryant, J ; Endtz, H ; Garry, RF ; Griffin, DE ; Lewi, SR ; Mercer, N ; Osterhaus, A ; Picot, V ; Vahlne, A ; Verjans, GMGM ; Weaver, S (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2019-03)
    The Global Virus Network (GVN) was established in 2011 to strengthen research and responses to emerging viral causes of human disease and to prepare against new viral pandemics. There are now 45 GVN Centers of Excellence and 7 Affiliate laboratories in 29 countries. The 10th International GVN meeting was held from November 28-30, 2018 in Veyrier du Lac, France and was co-hosted by the two GVN Centers of Excellence, the Mérieux Foundation and the University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover (TiHo). The theme of this 10th International GVN meeting was "Eradication and control of (re-) emerging viruses". This report highlights the recent accomplishments of GVN researchers in several important areas of medical virology, including strategies for the eradication of smallpox, measles, polio, SARS and vector-borne or zoonotic infections, emergence and intervention strategies for retroviruses and arboviruses, preparedness for outbreaks of Filo- and other hemophilic viruses, pathogenesis, impact and prevention of respiratory viruses, as well as, viruses affecting the central and peripheral nervous system. Also threats in crisis settings like refugee camps were presented.
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    Advancing global health and strengthening the HIV response in the era of the Sustainable Development Goals: the International AIDS Society-Lancet Commission
    Bekker, L-G ; Alleyne, G ; Baral, S ; Cepeda, J ; Daskalakis, D ; Dowdy, D ; Dybul, M ; Eholie, S ; Esom, K ; Garnett, G ; Grimsrud, A ; Hakim, J ; Havlir, D ; Isbell, MT ; Johnson, L ; Kamarulzaman, A ; Kasaie, P ; Kazatchkine, M ; Kilonzo, N ; Klag, M ; Klein, M ; Lewin, SR ; Luo, C ; Makofane, K ; Martin, NK ; Mayer, K ; Millett, G ; Ntusi, N ; Pace, L ; Pike, C ; Piot, P ; Pozniak, A ; Quinn, TC ; Rockstroh, J ; Ratevosian, J ; Ryan, O ; Sippel, S ; Spire, B ; Soucat, A ; Starrs, A ; Strathdee, SA ; Thomson, N ; Vella, S ; Schechter, M ; Vickerman, P ; Weir, B ; Beyrer, C (ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2018-07-28)
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    A new way of measuring apoptosis by absolute quantitation of inter-nucleosomally fragmented genomic DNA
    Hooker, DJ ; Mobarok, M ; Anderson, JL ; Rajasuriar, R ; Gray, LR ; Ellett, AM ; Lewin, SR ; Gorry, PR ; Cherry, CL (OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2012-08)
    Several critical events of apoptosis occur in the cell nucleus, including inter-nucleosomal DNA fragmentation (apoptotic DNA) and eventual chromatin condensation. The generation of apoptotic DNA has become a biochemical hallmark of apoptosis because it is a late 'point of no return' step in both the extrinsic (cell-death receptor) and intrinsic (mitochondrial) apoptotic pathways. Despite investigators observing apoptotic DNA and understanding its decisive role as a marker of apoptosis for over 20 years, measuring it has proved elusive. We have integrated ligation-mediated PCR and qPCR to design a new way of measuring apoptosis, termed ApoqPCR, which generates an absolute value for the amount (picogram) of apoptotic DNA per cell population. ApoqPCR's advances over current methods include a 1000-fold linear dynamic range yet sensitivity to distinguish subtle low-level changes, measurement with a 3- to 4-log improvement in sample economy, and capacity for archival or longitudinal studies combined with high-throughput capability. We demonstrate ApoqPCR's utility in both in vitro and in vivo contexts. Considering the fundamental role apoptosis has in vertebrate and invertebrate health, growth and disease, the reliable measurement of apoptotic nucleic acid by ApoqPCR will be of value in cell biology studies in basic and applied science.
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    Comparison of HDAC inhibitors in clinical development Effect on HIV production in latently infected cells and T-cell activation
    Rasmussen, TA ; Sogaard, OS ; Brinkmann, C ; Wightman, F ; Lewin, SR ; Melchjorsen, J ; Dinarello, C ; Ostergaard, L ; Tolstrup, M (TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC, 2013-05-01)
    OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the potential for inducing HIV production and the effect on T-cell activation of potent HDAC inhibitors undergoing clinical investigation. DESIGN: In vitro study RESULTS: The various HDAC inhibitors displayed significant potency differences in stimulating HIV-1 expression from the latently infected cell lines with panobinostat>givinostat ≈belinostat>vorinostat>valproic acid. Panobinostat was significantly more potent than all other HDAC inhibitors and induced virus production even in the very low concentration range 8-31 nM. The proportion of primary T-cells expressing the early activation marker CD69 increased moderately in all HDAC inhibitor-treated cells compared with untreated cells. Finally, proof was obtained that panobinostat, givinostat and belinostat induce virus production in latently infected primary cells at therapeutic concentrations with panobinostat being the most potent stimulator. METHODS: The latently infected cell lines ACH2 and U1 were treated with the HDAC inhibitors panobinostat, givinostat, belinostat, vorinostat and valproic acid. Viral induction was estimated by p24 production. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from uninfected donors were treated with the HDAC inhibitors and the expression of activation markers on T-cell phenotypes was measured using flow cytometry. Finally, the ability of givinostat, belinostat and panobinostat to reactivate latent HIV-1 expression in primary T-cells was investigated employing a CCL19-induced latent primary CD4+ T cell infection model. CONCLUSION: At therapeutic concentrations panobinostat stimulate HIV-1 expression in latently infected cells with greater potency than other HDAC inhibitors undergoing clinical investigation. These findings warrant further investigation and panobinostat is now being advanced into clinical testing against latent HIV infection.
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    Isolation and rapid sharing of the 2019 novel coronavirus (SAR-CoV-2) from the first patient diagnosed with COVID-19 in Australia
    Caly, L ; Druce, J ; Roberts, J ; Bond, K ; Tran, T ; Kostecki, R ; Yoga, Y ; Naughton, W ; Taiaroa, G ; Seemann, T ; Schultz, MB ; Howden, BP ; Korman, TM ; Lewin, SR ; Williamson, DA ; Catton, MG (WILEY, 2020-06)
    OBJECTIVES: To describe the first isolation and sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in Australia and rapid sharing of the isolate. SETTING: SARS-CoV-2 was isolated from a 58-year-old man from Wuhan, China who arrived in Melbourne on 19 January 2020 and was admitted to the Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne from the emergency department on 24 January 2020 with fever, cough, and progressive dyspnoea. MAJOR OUTCOMES: Clinical course and laboratory features of the first reported case of COVID-19 (the illness caused by SARS-CoV-2) in Australia; isolation, whole genome sequencing, imaging, and rapid sharing of virus from the patient. RESULTS: A nasopharyngeal swab and sputum collected when the patient presented to hospital were each positive for SARS-CoV-2 (reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction). Inoculation of Vero/hSLAM cells with material from the nasopharyngeal swab led to the isolation of SARS-CoV-2 virus in culture. Electron microscopy of the supernatant confirmed the presence of virus particles with morphology characteristic of viruses of the family Coronaviridae. Whole genome sequencing of the viral isolate and phylogenetic analysis indicated the isolate exhibited greater than 99.99% sequence identity with other publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genomes. Within 24 hours of isolation, the first Australian SARS-CoV-2 isolate was shared with local and overseas reference laboratories and major North American and European culture collections. CONCLUSIONS: The ability to rapidly identify, propagate, and internationally share our SARS-CoV-2 isolate is an important step in collaborative scientific efforts to deal effectively with this international public health emergency by developing better diagnostic procedures, vaccine candidates, and antiviral agents.
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    Breadth of concomitant immune responses prior to patient recovery: a case report of non-severe COVID-19
    Thevarajan, I ; Nguyen, THO ; Koutsakos, M ; Druce, J ; Caly, L ; van de Sandt, CE ; Jia, X ; Nicholson, S ; Catton, M ; Cowie, B ; Tong, SYC ; Lewin, SR ; Kedzierska, K (NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2020-04)
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    Evaluation of Serological Tests for SARS-CoV-2: Implications for Serology Testing in a Low-Prevalence Setting
    Bond, K ; Nicholson, S ; Lim, SM ; Karapanagiotidis, T ; Williams, E ; Johnson, D ; Hoang, T ; Sia, C ; Purcell, D ; Mordant, F ; Lewin, SR ; Catton, M ; Subbarao, K ; Howden, BP ; Williamson, DA (OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC, 2020-10-15)
    BACKGROUND: Robust serological assays are essential for long-term control of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many recently released point-of-care (PoCT) serological assays have been distributed with little premarket validation. METHODS: Performance characteristics for 5 PoCT lateral flow devices approved for use in Australia were compared to a commercial enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and a recently described novel surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). RESULTS: Sensitivities for PoCT ranged from 51.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 43.1%-60.4%) to 67.9% (95% CI, 59.4%-75.6%), and specificities from 95.6% (95% CI, 89.2%-98.8%) to 100.0% (95% CI, 96.1%-100.0%). ELISA sensitivity for IgA or IgG detection was 67.9% (95% CI, 59.4%-75.6%), increasing to 93.8% (95% CI, 85.0%-98.3%) for samples >14 days post symptom onset. sVNT sensitivity was 60.9% (95% CI, 53.2%-68.4%), rising to 91.2% (95% CI, 81.8%-96.7%) for samples >14 days post symptom onset, with specificity 94.4% (95% CI, 89.2%-97.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Performance characteristics for COVID-19 serological assays were generally lower than those reported by manufacturers. Timing of specimen collection relative to onset of illness or infection is crucial in reporting of performance characteristics for COVID-19 serological assays. The optimal algorithm for implementing serological testing for COVID-19 remains to be determined, particularly in low-prevalence settings.