School of Culture and Communication - Theses
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ItemFantasy and Fertility: Women’s Reproductive Bodies in Medieval Literature( 2022)This thesis explores how the reproductive potential of women’s bodies is portrayed in a selection of medieval literary texts from the Four Branches of the Mabinogi to Malory’s Arthuriad. Through a focus on fantasy in these narratives, I seek to further our understanding of how medieval writers and readers addressed social questions through fantastical story-telling. Literary fantasies, unburdened by the limits of historical realities, are fertile grounds for the expression of otherwise inaccessible desires, hopes, and critiques. This study charts how a series of female characters use the freedoms made possible by fantasy to reclaim the power of their fertility from patriarchal appropriation. I analyse Welsh, French, and English texts from the mid-to-late medieval period to juxtapose several case studies drawn from varied cultural milieux. My chosen narratives demonstrate the diverse ways in which imaginative literature questions the gendered roles of women’s reproductive bodies in medieval societies. The transhistorical and translinguistic scope of this project illustrates how multiple medieval narratives dispute the oppression of women’s bodies, and that this challenge is not exclusive to one writer, culture, or century. In my first chapter I consider Rhiannon, Branwen, Aranrhod, and Blodeuedd of Pedair Cainc Y Mabinogi, or the Four Branches of the Mabinogi, a Welsh tale surviving in two fourteenth-century manuscripts. The second chapter examines the ladies from three twelfth-century lais by Marie de France: “Guigemar,” “Yonec,” and “Milun.” And in the third chapter I approach the later medieval English canon through the Wife of Bath’s “Prologue” and “Tale” by Geoffrey Chaucer, and several women from Thomas Malory’s Arthuriad. The female characters to be discussed refuse to be framed and defined solely by their potential to give birth to a male protagonist around whom the text will then develop. They behave in a variety of ways which actively and unintentionally resist the childbearing function expected of their fertility. Instead, these women seek the freedom to enjoy their own autonomous bodily expression. In my attention to these moments of resistance, I engage with previous scholarship on representations of women in medieval texts and the functions of literary fantasy. This study reads the bodies of fictional medieval women as encompassing both the earthly and the magical, borrowing a productive mundanity from one and the opportunity for wonder from the other.
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ItemThe Persephone complex: post-feminist impasses in popular heroine television( 2012)In this thesis I examine why the myth of Persephone is being retold in post-feminist media cultures where traditional feminist critiques have been otherwise foreclosed. Using psychoanalytic theory, I argue that this Persephone is a symptom of an impasse around the question of what it means to be a woman. I consider four popular television heroines who personify this phenomenon––Ally McBeal, Sydney Bristow, Veronica Mars and Meredith Grey––to demonstrate how Persephone’s story animates the question of sexuation or sexual difference today.