Veterinary Clinical Sciences - Research Publications
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ItemEstablishment of reference intervals for serum symmetric dimethylarginine in adult nonracing Greyhounds(WILEY, 2018-09)BACKGROUND: The reference intervals (RIs) for the renal biomarkers urea and creatinine, in Greyhounds, are higher than those for non-sighthound breeds. A recent study has demonstrated a higher concentration of another biomarker of renal function, symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), in Greyhounds compared with other dog breeds, and thus a breed-specific RI for serum SDMA may be appropriate for Greyhounds. Greyhounds appear to be predisposed to renal disease, and the establishment of an appropriate RI for SDMA may improve the ability to identify early renal dysfunction in this breed. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to establish an RI for serum SDMA in nonracing Greyhounds and to determine whether the RI for Greyhounds is different from that of non-sighthound breeds. METHODS: Blood samples were collected from 101 clinically healthy, nonracing Greyhounds for serum SDMA measurements. Results from Greyhounds were compared with serum SDMA concentrations measured in a group of non-sighthound dogs (n = 24) of similar weight, age, and sex, and with a previously established canine serum SDMA RI. RESULTS: The serum SDMA RI for Greyhounds was 6.3-19.9 μg/dL (0.31-0.99 μmol/L). Greyhounds had a significantly higher mean value (13.1 μg/dL) than that of the non-sighthound dogs (10.2 μg/dL) (P < .001), and the RI of Greyhounds was different from previously established canine RIs for SDMA. CONCLUSION: This study supports the use of a Greyhound-specific RI for SDMA. Using previously established canine RIs for this breed could result in the overdiagnosis of renal disease.
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ItemUrine creatinine concentration and urine protein-to-creatinine ratios in healthy nonracing Greyhounds(WILEY, 2020-06)BACKGROUND: Serum creatinine concentrations are higher in Greyhounds when compared with nonsighthound breeds. Greyhounds might also have higher urine creatinine concentrations compared with other breeds, which could affect urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPC) references. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the UPC reference intervals (RIs) in healthy nonracing Greyhounds and compare this with UPC values in a group of healthy nonsighthounds and with the current International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) guidelines. METHODS: The study used an observational cross-sectional design, involving clinically healthy, nonracing Greyhounds (n = 98) and nonsighthound dogs of similar weight, age, and sex (n = 24). Packed cell volumes, total solids, urine protein concentrations, serum and urine creatinine concentrations, urine specific gravity (USG) measurements, and UPCs were determined. Linear regression was used to compare urine creatinine and urine protein concentrations, relative to the USG measurements, between Greyhound and nonsighthound groups. Greyhound UPC RIs were determined using nonparametric methods and compared with UPC values in nonsighthounds and current IRIS guidelines. RESULTS: Mean urine creatinine concentrations, adjusted for USGs, were approximately 22% higher in Greyhounds compared with nonsighthounds (P = .002). Mean urine protein concentration (P = .46) and UPC (P = .1) were not significantly different between Greyhounds and nonsighthounds. The upper limit of the Greyhound UPC RI was 0.20 or 0.42, depending on whether strict or moderate exclusion criteria were applied, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Greyhounds have higher urine creatinine concentrations than nonsighthounds. Although the suggested RI for UPCs in Greyhounds is slightly lower than the cut-offs recommended in generic canine IRIS guidelines, this difference is not likely to be clinically significant.