School of Geography - Theses
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ItemPigs, gigolos and mail order brides from Bali to Melbourne: Balinese-Australian marriage as an acculturative response to tourism in Bali and multiculturalism in Melbourne( 1998)Bali has become a major international tourist destination over the past twenty years. The constant contact between tourists and locals in some cases results in marriages. Using the empirical examples of marriages between Balinese Hindus and Australian tourists who decide to settle in Melbourne, this thesis presents cross-cultural marriage as an acculturative response to contact. The contextualisation of these partnerships in nation state Indonesia, tourist areas in Bali and eventually in multicultural Melbourne shows them to be marginal for a number of historic reasons. Using Pierre Bourdieu's concept of habitus, acculturative change is recognised as a constant process. The concept of acculturation, reframed in a contemporary situation, separates it from its colonial antecedents and therefore proves useful in describing social change. Indonesia's post-colonial response to nation building places Balinese people within the confines of a nationalistic discourse and an encompassing Indonesian identity. The tourist domain in Bali repositions the Balinese outside a totalising Indonesian system and somewhat surprisingly, highlights idiomatically Balinese responses to marriage. Tourists are ritually incorporated into Balinese families when they marry Balinese partners. Explaining ritual incorporation involves a redefinition of the structural circulating connubium, or circulation of women, often understood in anthropology to form the basis Balinese marriage practice. Thus, contact with tourism, the very domain thought to subsume Balinese identity, in some cases reinforces pragmatic Balinese marriage practices that have become unpopular within Indonesian nationalist rhetoric. Multicultural Melbourne is the locus of the ongoing relationships between some Balinese and tourists. Melbourne as the choice of settlement focuses the discussion on miscegenation, engagement with bureaucracy and migration in general. Multiculturalism plays the dual function of assuring the legitimacy of these partnerships in a traditionally racist environment, but also in limiting them to mono-cultural constructions. Acculturation as both a processual and substantive state informs Balinese-Melbourne marriages beyond the limitations of the multicultural model. Rather than representing 'culture loss' or 'culture gain', these cross-cultural marriages show that acculturation is the inevitable result of contact and cross-cultural identities formed through this contact represent the acculturative response.
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ItemTechnical change, restructuring and profitability of the Australian clothing industry( 1991)Rapid economic growth has been experienced in most Western countries for at least the last century. However, the nature of the world economy has changed dramatically since the 1950s. The most significant development in the world economy during the past few decades has been the industrialisation in Japan and some Third World countries and their increasing importance in the world trade. The reorganisation of production and spatial division of labour between advanced economies and developing economies has changed the order of the international economy. The global shift of production from developed countries to developing countries was attracted by cheap resources, low-labour costs and cheaper raw material, and performed by active state development policy.
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ItemCraterform morphology and morphometry : a planetary perspective on maar volcanism and meteorite impact( 1990)The use of the morphometric measurements, rim crest diameter (Dr) and circularity (C), are evaluated and shown to provide a quantitative method of determining a craterform's origin. Although numerous methods exist to determine these parameters, the method termed circumscibing-inscribing circles (Dr2) and (C2), has proven the most accurate and reliable technique with which to measure a crater's planimetric profile. The measurement of circularity for terrestrial craterforms less than five kilometers across has provided a benchmark which will distinguish between maar volcano and meteorite impact craters. Using this technique, the average accuracy for segregating maar and impact morphologies, is shown to be approximately 85 percent. Comparisons with other methods of mensuration show that the morphological signature of each crater type is most effectively expressed by measuring (C2). Although this technique is statistically simple, it is superior when compared with analyses that use a multivariate approach on craters of these dimensions. Using the established technique and limits for determining a terrestrial craterform's mode of origin, the application of (Dr2) and (C2) to the Lunar Alphonsus Dark Halo Craters, gives additional support to previous investigations that indicate these features to be of pyroclastic origin resembling maar-like volcanoes. The accurate classification of crater origin is an important aspect for both stratigraphie interpretation and the relative dating of planetary surfaces. Morphometric analysis as undertaken in this study, will be of immediate use in the interpretation of the Magellan radar imagery of Venus during 1991. It is therefore evident that the interpretation of planetary landscapes using geomorphology, is a worthy contribution to the earth and planetary sciences.