Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences - Research Publications

Permanent URI for this collection

http://hdl.handle.net/11343/266

Filters

2020 - 2023 2
Reset filters

Settings
Statistics
Citations
Author: Carlin, John × Author: Hutchinson, Delyse × Type: Journal Article ×

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • Item
    Thumbnail Image
    Parental personality and early life ecology: a prospective cohort study from preconception to postpartum
    Spry, EA ; Olsson, CA ; Aarsman, SR ; Husin, HM ; Macdonald, JA ; Dashti, SG ; Moreno-Betancur, M ; Letcher, P ; Biden, EJ ; Thomson, KC ; McAnally, H ; Greenwood, CJ ; Middleton, M ; Hutchinson, DM ; Carlin, JB ; Patton, GC (NATURE PORTFOLIO, 2023-02-27)
    Personality reliably predicts life outcomes ranging from social and material resources to mental health and interpersonal capacities. However, little is known about the potential intergenerational impact of parent personality prior to offspring conception on family resources and child development across the first thousand days of life. We analysed data from the Victorian Intergenerational Health Cohort Study (665 parents, 1030 infants; est. 1992), a two-generation study with prospective assessment of preconception background factors in parental adolescence, preconception personality traits in young adulthood (agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, extraversion, and openness), and multiple parental resources and infant characteristics in pregnancy and after the birth of their child. After adjusting for pre-exposure confounders, both maternal and paternal preconception personality traits were associated with numerous parental resources and attributes in pregnancy and postpartum, as well as with infant biobehavioural characteristics. Effect sizes ranged from small to moderate when considering parent personality traits as continuous exposures, and from small to large when considering personality traits as binary exposures. Young adult personality, well before offspring conception, is associated with the perinatal household social and financial context, parental mental health, parenting style and self-efficacy, and temperamental characteristics of offspring. These are pivotal aspects of early life development that ultimately predict a child's long-term health and development.
  • Item
    No Preview Available
    Maternal mental health and infant emotional reactivity: a 20-year two-cohort study of preconception and perinatal exposures
    Spry, E ; Moreno-Betancur, M ; Becker, D ; Romaniuk, H ; Carlin, JB ; Molyneaux, E ; Howard, LM ; Ryan, J ; Letcher, P ; McIntosh, J ; Macdonald, JA ; Greenwood, CJ ; Thomson, KC ; McAnally, H ; Hancox, R ; Hutchinson, DM ; Youssef, GJ ; Olsson, CA ; Patton, GC (CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS, 2020-04)
    BACKGROUND: Maternal mental health during pregnancy and postpartum predicts later emotional and behavioural problems in children. Even though most perinatal mental health problems begin before pregnancy, the consequences of preconception maternal mental health for children's early emotional development have not been prospectively studied. METHODS: We used data from two prospective Australian intergenerational cohorts, with 756 women assessed repeatedly for mental health problems before pregnancy between age 13 and 29 years, and during pregnancy and at 1 year postpartum for 1231 subsequent pregnancies. Offspring infant emotional reactivity, an early indicator of differential sensitivity denoting increased risk of emotional problems under adversity, was assessed at 1 year postpartum. RESULTS: Thirty-seven percent of infants born to mothers with persistent preconception mental health problems were categorised as high in emotional reactivity, compared to 23% born to mothers without preconception history (adjusted OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.4-3.1). Ante- and postnatal maternal depressive symptoms were similarly associated with infant emotional reactivity, but these perinatal associations reduced somewhat after adjustment for prior exposure. Causal mediation analysis further showed that 88% of the preconception risk was a direct effect, not mediated by perinatal exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Maternal preconception mental health problems predict infant emotional reactivity, independently of maternal perinatal mental health; while associations between perinatal depressive symptoms and infant reactivity are partially explained by prior exposure. Findings suggest that processes shaping early vulnerability for later mental disorders arise well before conception. There is an emerging case for expanding developmental theories and trialling preventive interventions in the years before pregnancy.