Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences - Research Publications

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Author: Carter, Robert × Start date: 2010 × End date: 2020 ×

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    Trial protocol: a clustered, randomised, longitudinal, type 2 translational trial of alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm among adolescents in Australia
    Rowland, B ; Abraham, C ; Carter, R ; Abimanyi-Ochom, J ; Kelly, AB ; Kremer, P ; Williams, JW ; Smith, R ; Hall, JK ; Wagner, D ; Renner, H ; Hosseini, T ; Osborn, A ; Mohebbi, M ; Toumbourou, JW (BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, 2018-04-27)
    BACKGROUND: This cluster randomised control trial is designed to evaluate whether the Communities That Care intervention (CTC) is effective in reducing the proportion of secondary school age adolescents who use alcohol before the Australian legal purchasing age of 18 years. Secondary outcomes are other substance use and antisocial behaviours. Long term economic benefits of reduced alcohol use by adolescents for the community will also be assessed. METHODS: Fourteen communities and 14 other non-contiguous communities will be matched on socioeconomic status (SES), location, and size. One of each pair will be randomly allocated to the intervention in three Australian states (Victoria, Queensland and Western Australia). A longitudinal survey will recruit grade 8 and 10 students (M = 15 years old, N = 3500) in 2017 and conduct follow-up surveys in 2019 and 2021 (M = 19 years old). Municipal youth populations will also be monitored for trends in alcohol-harms using hospital and police administrative data. DISCUSSION: Community-led interventions that systematically and strategically implement evidence-based programs have been shown to be effective in producing population-level behaviour change, including reduced alcohol and drug use. We expect that the study will be associated with significant effects on alcohol use amongst adolescents because interventions adopted within communities will be based on evidence-based practices and target specific problems identified from surveys conducted within each community. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was retrospectively registered in September, 2017 ( ACTRN12616001276448 ), as communities were selected prior to trial registration; however, participants were recruited after registration. Findings will be disseminated in peer-review journals and community fora.
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    Pathways to a cancer-free future: a protocol for modelled evaluations to minimise the future burden of colorectal cancer in Australia
    Feletto, E ; Lew, J-B ; Worthington, J ; He, E ; Caruana, M ; Butler, K ; Hui, H ; Taylor, N ; Banks, E ; Barclay, K ; Broun, K ; Butt, A ; Carter, R ; Cuff, J ; Dessaix, A ; Ee, H ; Emery, J ; Frayling, IM ; Grogan, P ; Holden, C ; Horn, C ; Jenkins, MA ; Kench, JG ; Laaksonen, MA ; Leggett, B ; Mitchell, G ; Morris, S ; Parkinson, B ; St John, DJ ; Taoube, L ; Tucker, K ; Wakefield, MA ; Ward, RL ; Win, AK ; Worthley, DL ; Armstrong, BK ; Macrae, FA ; Canfell, K (BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP, 2020)
    INTRODUCTION: With almost 50% of cases preventable and the Australian National Bowel Cancer Screening Program in place, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prime candidate for investment to reduce the cancer burden. The challenge is determining effective ways to reduce morbidity and mortality and their implementation through policy and practice. Pathways-Bowel is a multistage programme that aims to identify best-value investment in CRC control by integrating expert and end-user engagement; relevant evidence; modelled interventions to guide future investment; and policy-driven implementation of interventions using evidence-based methods. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Pathways-Bowel is an iterative work programme incorporating a calibrated and validated CRC natural history model for Australia (Policy1-Bowel) and assessing the health and cost outcomes and resource use of targeted interventions. Experts help identify and prioritise modelled evaluations of changing trends and interventions and critically assess results to advise on their real-world applicability. Where appropriate the results are used to support public policy change and make the case for optimal investment in specific CRC control interventions. Fourteen high-priority evaluations have been modelled or planned, including evaluations of CRC outcomes from the changing prevalence of modifiable exposures, including smoking and body fatness; potential benefits of daily aspirin intake as chemoprevention; increasing CRC incidence in people aged <50 years; increasing screening participation in the general and Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander populations; alternative screening technologies and modalities; and changes to follow-up surveillance protocols. Pathways-Bowel is a unique, comprehensive approach to evaluating CRC control; no prior body of work has assessed the relative benefits of a variety of interventions across CRC development and progression to produce a list of best-value investments. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval was not required as human participants were not involved. Findings are reported in a series of papers in peer-reviewed journals and presented at fora to engage the community and policymakers.