Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology - Research Publications

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    Therapeutic options for mucinous ovarian carcinoma
    Gorringe, KL ; Cheasley, D ; Wakefield, MJ ; Ryland, GL ; Allan, PE ; Alsop, K ; Amarasinghe, KC ; Ananda, S ; Bowtell, DDL ; Christie, M ; Chiew, Y-E ; Churchman, M ; DeFazio, A ; Fereday, S ; Gilks, CB ; Gourley, C ; Hadley, AM ; Hendley, J ; Hunter, SM ; Kaufmann, SH ; Kennedy, CJ ; Kobel, M ; Le Page, C ; Li, J ; Lupat, R ; McNally, OM ; McAlpine, JN ; Pyman, J ; Rowley, SM ; Salazar, C ; Saunders, H ; Semple, T ; Stephens, AN ; Thio, N ; Torres, MC ; Traficante, N ; Zethoven, M ; Antill, YC ; Campbell, IG ; Scott, CL (ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE, 2020-03)
    OBJECTIVE: Mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is an uncommon ovarian cancer histotype that responds poorly to conventional chemotherapy regimens. Although long overall survival outcomes can occur with early detection and optimal surgical resection, recurrent and advanced disease are associated with extremely poor survival. There are no current guidelines specifically for the systemic management of recurrent MOC. We analyzed data from a large cohort of women with MOC to evaluate the potential for clinical utility from a range of systemic agents. METHODS: We analyzed gene copy number (n = 191) and DNA sequencing data (n = 184) from primary MOC to evaluate signatures of mismatch repair deficiency and homologous recombination deficiency, and other genetic events. Immunohistochemistry data were collated for ER, CK7, CK20, CDX2, HER2, PAX8 and p16 (n = 117-166). RESULTS: Molecular aberrations noted in MOC that suggest a match with current targeted therapies include amplification of ERBB2 (26.7%) and BRAF mutation (9%). Observed genetic events that suggest potential efficacy for agents currently in clinical trials include: KRAS/NRAS mutations (66%), TP53 missense mutation (49%), RNF43 mutation (11%), ARID1A mutation (10%), and PIK3CA/PTEN mutation (9%). Therapies exploiting homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) may not be effective in MOC, as only 1/191 had a high HRD score. Mismatch repair deficiency was similarly rare (1/184). CONCLUSIONS: Although genetically diverse, MOC has several potential therapeutic targets. Importantly, the lack of response to platinum-based therapy observed clinically corresponds to the lack of a genomic signature associated with HRD, and MOC are thus also unlikely to respond to PARP inhibition.
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    Methylation of all BRCA1 copies predicts response to the PARP inhibitor rucaparib in ovarian carcinoma
    Kondrashova, O ; Topp, M ; Nesic, K ; Lieschke, E ; Ho, G-Y ; Harrell, M ; Zapparoli, G ; Hadley, A ; Holian, R ; Boehm, E ; Heong, V ; Sanij, E ; Pearson, RB ; Krais, JJ ; Johnson, N ; McNally, O ; Ananda, S ; Alsop, K ; Hutt, KJ ; Kaufmann, SH ; Lin, KK ; Harding, TC ; Traficante, N ; deFazio, A ; McNeish, LA ; Bowtell, DD ; Swisher, EM ; Dobrovic, A ; Wakefield, MJ ; Scott, CL ; Chenevix-Trench, G ; Green, A ; Webb, P ; Gertig, D ; Fereday, S ; Moore, S ; Hung, J ; Harrap, K ; Sadkowsky, T ; Pandeya, N ; Malt, M ; Mellon, A ; Robertson, R ; Vanden Bergh, T ; Jones, M ; Mackenzie, P ; Maidens, J ; Nattress, K ; Chiew, YE ; Stenlake, A ; Sullivan, H ; Alexander, B ; Ashover, P ; Brown, S ; Corrish, T ; Green, L ; Jackman, L ; Ferguson, K ; Martin, K ; Martyn, A ; Ranieri, B ; White, J ; Jayde, V ; Mamers, P ; Bowes, L ; Galletta, L ; Giles, D ; Hendley, J ; Schmidt, T ; Shirley, H ; Ball, C ; Young, C ; Viduka, S ; Tran, H ; Bilic, S ; Glavinas, L ; Brooks, J ; Stuart-Harris, R ; Kirsten, F ; Rutovitz, J ; Clingan, P ; Glasgow, A ; Proietto, A ; Braye, S ; Otton, G ; Shannon, J ; Bonaventura, T ; Stewart, J ; Begbie, S ; Friedlander, M ; Bell, D ; Baron-Hay, S ; Ferrier, A ; Gard, G ; Nevell, D ; Pavlakis, N ; Valmadre, S ; Young, B ; Camaris, C ; Crouch, R ; Edwards, L ; Hacker, N ; Marsden, D ; Robertson, G ; Beale, P ; Beith, J ; Carter, J ; Dalrymple, C ; Houghton, R ; Russell, P ; Links, M ; Grygiel, J ; Hill, J ; Brand, A ; Byth, K ; Jaworski, R ; Harnett, P ; Sharma, R ; Wain, G ; Ward, B ; Papadimos, D ; Crandon, A ; Cummings, M ; Horwood, K ; Obermair, A ; Perrin, L ; Wyld, D ; Nicklin, J ; Davy, M ; Oehler, MK ; Hall, C ; Dodd, T ; Healy, T ; Pittman, K ; Henderson, D ; Miller, J ; Pierdes, J ; Blomfield, P ; Challis, D ; Mclntosh, R ; Parker, A ; Brown, B ; Rome, R ; Allen, D ; Grant, P ; Hyde, S ; Laurie, R ; Robbie, M ; Healy, D ; Jobling, T ; Manolitsas, T ; McNealage, J ; Rogers, P ; Susil, B ; Sumithran, E ; Simpson, I ; Phillips, K ; Rischin, D ; Fox, S ; Johnson, D ; Lade, S ; Loughrey, M ; O'Callaghan, N ; Murray, W ; Waring, P ; Billson, V ; Pyman, J ; Neesham, D ; Quinn, M ; Underhill, C ; Bell, R ; Ng, LF ; Blum, R ; Ganju, V ; Hammond, I ; Leung, Y ; McCartney, A ; Buck, M ; Haviv, I ; Purdie, D ; Whiteman, D ; Zeps, N (NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2018-09-28)
    Accurately identifying patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) who respond to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) therapy is of great clinical importance. Here we show that quantitative BRCA1 methylation analysis provides new insight into PARPi response in preclinical models and ovarian cancer patients. The response of 12 HGSOC patient-derived xenografts (PDX) to the PARPi rucaparib was assessed, with variable dose-dependent responses observed in chemo-naive BRCA1/2-mutated PDX, and no responses in PDX lacking DNA repair pathway defects. Among BRCA1-methylated PDX, silencing of all BRCA1 copies predicts rucaparib response, whilst heterozygous methylation is associated with resistance. Analysis of 21 BRCA1-methylated platinum-sensitive recurrent HGSOC (ARIEL2 Part 1 trial) confirmed that homozygous or hemizygous BRCA1 methylation predicts rucaparib clinical response, and that methylation loss can occur after exposure to chemotherapy. Accordingly, quantitative BRCA1 methylation analysis in a pre-treatment biopsy could allow identification of patients most likely to benefit, and facilitate tailoring of PARPi therapy.