Melbourne Conservatorium of Music - Research Publications

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    Music and empire
    Irving, DRM (Wiley, 2016)
    Abstract Music and empire have an entangled relationship: just as empires have influenced the development and practice of music throughout much of the world, music has performed vital functions in empires throughout history. Music is deeply embedded within the political, religious, and economic processes of empires, symbolizing power across large distances and shaping ideas, practices, and beliefs. Music is a potent vehicle for the spread of ideology: it has been used to exert political and social control, but also as a tool for resistance. Within empires incorporating multiple ethnic groups, the performance, study, and teaching of music has been used to highlight cultural differences, or to enforce assimilation and standardization. Networks of transport, trade, and communication within and between empires have facilitated and precipitated the movement and circulation of musicians, instruments, ideas, and practices; the cross‐cultural adoption, adaptation, and/or mixing of these elements is a typical consequence of empire.
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    KEYBOARD INSTRUMENTS AND INSTRUMENTALISTS IN MANILA (1581- 1798)
    Irving, D (CONSEJO SUPERIOR INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS-CSIC, 2005)
    Aunque muchos instrumentos de teclado fueron fabricados en las Filipinas o importados por aquellas islas durante el período colonial español (1565-1878), la mayor parte de los que aún existen son del siglo XIX. Debe tenerse en cuenta, sin embargo, que la música para teclado tuvo un auge importante en Filipinas desde los inicios mismos de la presencia española. Empezaron a llegar diversos instrumentos hacia finales del siglo XVI, y a lo largo de los dos siglos siguientes se construyeron varios órganos en las escuelas de las misiones presentes en el archipiélago. Al final del siglo XVIII muchos instrumentos fueron construidos en las colonias, sobre todo con la llegada del misionero y constructor de instrumentos, Diego Cera de la Virgen en el año 1792, y el establecimiento de su taller. Aunque sólo disponemos de una información incompleta, aún existe mucha información de archivo a la espera de ser reunida, y todavía hace falta realizar un estudio detallado de los instrumentos de teclado y de sus ejecutantes durante aquel periodo colonial en Manila. Este artículo pretende cubrir esta laguna en parte, referida al período 1581 a 1798.
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    Psalms, Islam, and Music: Dialogues and Divergence about David in Christian-Muslim Encounters of the Seventeenth Century
    IRVING, DRM (EliScholar – A Digital Platform for Scholarly Publishing at Yale, 2016)
    David (Daud) is revered in the Abrahamic faiths of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam variously as a king, prophet, and musician, providing the inspiration for what can be called the “Davidic tradition,” expressed in text, sound, ideology, and image. The scriptures associated with David are central to this tradition: within Judaism and Christianity they are the Psalms, human praises or entreaties to God; within Islam, the Zabūr is revered as a divine prophecy revealed to the prophet Daud, according to the Qurʾān. David’s musicianship and the identity of his instruments are understood differently in Jewish-Christian and Islamic traditions, and are interpreted in accordance with contrasting theological precepts of music and sound. A number of Christian-Muslim encounters in the seventeenth century resulted in dialogue, debate, and observations about the divergent religious interpretations of David, and the relation of these to music. This article examines accounts of such encounters invoking David, from Aceh, Spain, Hungary, Socotra, Turkey, and the Maldives, and explores aspects of the complex relationship between Psalms, Islam, and music, from Christian and Islamic viewpoints.
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    Historical and Literary Vestiges of the Villancico in the Early Modern Philippines
    IRVING, DRM ; Knighton, T ; Torrente, A (Ashgate Publishing, Ltd., 2007-01-01)
    The sixteen essays in this volume provide the first broad-based survey of this important genre.
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    Employment, Enfranchisement and Liminality: Ecclesiastical Musicians in Early Modern Manila
    IRVING, DRM ; Knighton, T ; Baker, G (Cambridge University Press, 2011)
    Representing pioneering research, essays in this collection investigate musical developments in the urban context of colonial Latin America.
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    Colonial Counterpoint: Music in Early Modern Manila
    Irving, DRM (Oxford University Press, 2010-05-05)
    This book reconnects the Philippines to current musicological discourse on the early modern Hispanic world. For two and a half centuries, the Philippine Islands were linked to Latin America and Spain through transoceanic relationships of politics, religion, trade, and culture. Manila, founded in 1571, represented a vital locus of intercultural exchange and a significant conduit for the regional diffusion of Western music. Within Manila's ethnically diverse society, imported and local musics played a crucial role in the establishment of ecclesiastical hierarchies in the Philippines, and the advancement of Roman Catholic evangelization in surrounding territories. The metaphors of European counterpoint and enharmony are used to critique musical practices within the colonial milieu, where multiple styles and genres coexisted according to strict regulations enforced by state and ecclesiastical authorities. This study argues that the introduction and institutionalization of counterpoint acted as a powerful agent of colonialism throughout the Philippine Archipelago, and that contrapuntal structures were reflected in the social and cultural reorganization of Filipino communities under Spanish rule. Active indigenous appropriation of Spanish music and dance constituted a significant contribution to the process of hispanization. Sustained "enharmonic engagement" between Filipinos and Spaniards led to the synthesis of hybrid, syncretic genres and the emergence of performance styles that could contest and subvert hegemony. Manila's religious institutions resounded with sumptuous vocal and instrumental performances, while an annual calendar of festivities brought together many musical traditions of the native and immigrant populations in complex forms of artistic interaction and opposition.
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    INTERCULTURAL EXCHANGE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA: HISTORY AND SOCIETY IN THE EARLY MODERN WORLD
    Alberts, T ; Irving, DRM (I.B.Tauris, 2013-01-01)
    Here, Tara Alberts and D.R.M. Irving draw together accounts of early modern religious conversions, diplomatic history and scientific explorations across the regions many societies, along with histories of slavery and urban development.
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    Introduction: FAITH, KNOWLEDGE, AND POWER
    Alberts, T ; Irving, DRM ; Irving, DRM ; Alberts, T (I.B. Tauris, 2013-01-01)
    Here, Tara Alberts and D.R.M. Irving draw together accounts of early modern religious conversions, diplomatic history and scientific explorations across the regions many societies, along with histories of slavery and urban development.
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    Trading Tunes: THOMAS FORREST, MALAY SONGS, AND MUSICAL EXCHANGE IN THE MALAY ARCHIPELAGO, 1774-84
    Irving, DRM ; Alberts, T (I.B.Tauris, 2013-01-01)
    Here, Tara Alberts and D.R.M. Irving draw together accounts of early modern religious conversions, diplomatic history and scientific explorations across the regions many societies, along with histories of slavery and urban development.